Name: a quantitative assessment of the yeast lipidome using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Uploaded: 2009-08-21T12:45:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Quantitative Assessment of The Yeast Lipidome using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry at JoVE.com

We are grateful to Alain Tessier for valuable advise, discussions, and technical support. We acknowledge the Centre for Biological Applications of Mass Spectrometry at Concordia University for outstanding services. This work was supported by grants from the CIHR and the NSERC of Canada. V.I.T. is a CIHR New Investigator and Concordia University Research Chair in Genomics, Cell Biology and Aging.

Materials and methods
<ol>
	<li>Yeast strains and growth conditions 
		The wild-type strain BY4742 (MAT&alpha; his3&Delta;1 leu2&Delta;0 lys2&Delta;0 ura3&Delta;0) was grown in rich YEPD medium (1% yeast extract, 2% peptone, 2% glucose). Cells were cultured at 30&deg;C with rotational shaking at 200 rpm in Erlenmeyer flasks at a "flask volume/medium volume" ratio of 5:1.</li>
	<li>Storage of yeast cells for lipid extraction 
		<ol>
 	<li>A 50 ml culture of cells was harvested by centrifugat...

<ol>
	<li>Cao, H., Gerhold, K., Mayers, J. R., Wiest, M. M., Watkins, S. M., Hotamisligil, G. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Identification+of+a+lipokine,+a+lipid+hormone+linking+adipose+tissue+to+systemic+metabolism.">Identification of a lipokine, a lipid hormone linking adipose tissue to systemic metabolism.</a> Cell. 134, 933-944 (2008).</li><li>Claypool, S. M., Oktay, Y., Boontheung, P., Loo, J. A., Koehler, C. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cardiolipin+defines+the+interactome+of+the+major+ADP/ATP+carrier+protein+of+the+mitochondrial+inner+membrane.">Cardiolipin defines the interactome of the major ADP/ATP carrier protein of the mitochondrial inner membrane.</a> J. Cell Biol. 182, 937-950 (2008).</li><li>Guo, T., Gregg, C., Boukh-Viner, T., Kyryakov, P., Goldberg, A., Bourque, S., Banu, F., Haile, S., Milijevic, S., San, K. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+signal+from+inside+the+peroxisome+initiates+its+division+by+promoting+the+remodeling+of+the+peroxisomal+membrane.">A signal from inside the peroxisome initiates its division by promoting the remodeling of the peroxisomal membrane.</a> J. Cell Biol. 177, 289-303 (2007).</li><li>Russell, S. J., Kahn, C. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endocrine+regulation+of+ageing.">Endocrine regulation of ageing.</a> Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 8, 681-691 (2007).</li><li>Czabany, T., Athenstaedt, K., Daum, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Synthesis,+storage+and+degradation+of+neutral+lipids+in+yeast.">Synthesis, storage and degradation of neutral lipids in yeast.</a> Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1771, 299-309 (2007).</li><li>Br&amp;uuml, g. g. e. r., Erben, B., Sandhoff, G., Wieland, R., &amp;amp, F. T., Lehmann, W. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantitative+analysis+of+biological+membrane+lipids+at+the+low+picomole+level+by+nano-electrospray+ionization+tandem+mass+spectroscopy.">Quantitative analysis of biological membrane lipids at the low picomole level by nano-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectroscopy.</a> Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 94, 2339-2344 (1997).</li><li>Schneiter, R., Br&#252;gger, B., Sandhoff, R., Zellnig, G., Leber, A., Lampl, M., Athenstaedt, K., Hrastnik, C., Eder, S., Daum, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrospray+ionization+tandem+mass+spectrometry+(ESI-MS/MS)+analysis+of+the+lipid+molecular+species+composition+of+yeast+subcellular+membranes+reveals+acyl+chain-based+sorting/remodeling+of+distinct+molecular+species+en+route+to+the+plasma+membrane.">Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) analysis of the lipid molecular species composition of yeast subcellular membranes reveals acyl chain-based sorting/remodeling of distinct molecular species en route to the plasma membrane.</a> J. Cell Biol. 146, 741-754 (1999).</li><li>Bligh, E. G., Dyer, W. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+rapid+method+of+total+lipid+extraction+and+purification.">A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification.</a> Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 37, 911-917 (1959).</li></ol>

This method enables a rapid quantitative assessment of the yeast lipidome using readily available, inexpensive materials. The method allows the identification of most of the lipid species found in yeast cells with the exception of diacylglycerols, ergosterols and ergosteryl esters, although these lipids can be identified by replacing ammonium hydroxide with lithium hydroxide. The described method enables lipid identification and quantification at the concentrations as low as &mu;g/ml, with the concentration linearity spr...

a quantitative assessment of the yeast lipidome using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Lipids are one of the major classes of biomolecules and play important roles membrane dynamics, energy storage, and signalling1-4. The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a genetically and biochemically manipulable unicellular eukaryote with annotated genome and very simple lipidome, is a valuable model for studying biological functions of various lipid species in multicellular eukaryotes2,3,5. S. cerevisiae has 10 major classes of lipids with chain lengths mainly of 16 or 18 carbon atoms and either zero or one degree of unsaturation6,7. Existing methods for lipid identification and quantification - such as high performance liquid chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, fluorescence microscopy, and gas chromatography followed by MS - are well established but have low sensitivity, insufficiently separate various molecular forms of lipids, require lipid derivitization prior to analysis, or can be quite time consuming. Here we present a detailed description of our experimental approach to solve these inherent limitations by using survey-scan ESI/MS for the identification and quantification of the entire complement of lipids in yeast cells. The described method does not require chromatographic separation of complex lipid mixtures recovered from yeast cells, thereby greatly accelerating the process of data acquisition. This method enables lipid identification and quantification at the concentrations as low as g/ml and has been successfully applied to assessing lipidomes of whole yeast cells and their purified organelles. Lipids extraction from whole yeast cells for using this method of lipid analysis takes two to three hours. It takes only five to ten minutes to run each sample of extracted and dried lipids on a Q-TOF mass spectrometer equipped with a nano-electrospray source.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Quantitative Assessment of The Yeast Lipidome using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry at JoVE.com

A Quantitative Assessment of The Yeast Lipidome using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

We describe a new quantitative lipidomics method for identifying numerous lipid species in yeast using survey-scan electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI/MS). This method exceeds currently available methods for lipid identification and quantification in the ability to resolve various molecular forms of lipids, sensitivity, and speed.

Lipids are one of the major classes of biomolecules and play important roles membrane dynamics, energy storage, and signalling1-4. The budding yeast ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

MALDI Sample Preparation: the Ultra Thin Layer Method

This video demonstrates the preparation of an ultra-thin matrix/analyte layer for analyzing peptides and proteins by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption ...

Quantification of Proteins Using Peptide Immunoaffinity Enrichment Coupled with Mass Spectrometry

There is a great need for quantitative assays in measuring proteins. Traditional sandwich immunoassays, largely considered the gold standard in ...

Amide Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange &amp; MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Pak2 Activation

Amide Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange & MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Pak2 Activation

Amide hydrogen/deuterium exchange (H/D exchange) coupled with mass spectrometry has been widely used to analyze the interface of protein-protein ...

Profiling Thiol Redox Proteome Using Isotope Tagging Mass Spectrometry

Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000 not only causes bacterial speck disease in Solanum lycopersicum but also on Brassica species, as well as on ...

A Protocol for the Identification of Protein-protein Interactions Based on 15N Metabolic Labeling, Immunoprecipitation, Quantitative Mass Spectrometry and Affinity Modulation

A Protocol for the Identification of Protein-protein Interactions Based on 15N Metabolic Labeling, Immunoprecipitation, Quantitative Mass Spectrometry and Affinity Modulation

Protein-protein interactions are fundamental for many biological processes in the cell. Therefore, their characterization plays an important role in ...

A New Approach for the Comparative Analysis of Multiprotein Complexes Based on 15N Metabolic Labeling and Quantitative Mass Spectrometry

A New Approach for the Comparative Analysis of Multiprotein Complexes Based on 15N Metabolic Labeling and Quantitative Mass Spectrometry

The introduced protocol provides a tool for the analysis of multiprotein complexes in the thylakoid membrane, by revealing insights into complex ...

Capture Compound Mass Spectrometry - A Powerful Tool to Identify Novel c-di-GMP Effector Proteins

Considerable progress has been made during the last decade towards the identification and characterization of enzymes involved in the synthesis ...

Identification of MyoD Interactome Using Tandem Affinity Purification Coupled to Mass Spectrometry

Skeletal muscle terminal differentiation starts with the commitment of pluripotent mesodermal precursor cells to myoblasts. These cells have still the ...

Using Microfluidic Devices to Measure Lifespan and Cellular Phenotypes in Single Budding Yeast Cells

Budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an important model organism in aging research. Genetic studies have revealed many genes with conserved effects ...

Sample Preparation for Mass-spectrometry-based Proteomics Analysis of Ocular Microvessels

The use of isolated ocular blood vessels in vitro to decipher the pathophysiological state of the eye using advanced technological approaches has greatly ...