이 작품은 국가 정부와 부여 계약 번호 324257에서 ENIAC 주 프로젝트 DeNeCoR 통해 유럽 연합에 의해 부분적으로 지원 되었습니다. 저자 교수 지 오 바 니 Magenes, 교수 피에로 Tortoli 박사 Giosuè Caliano 그들의 귀중 한 지원, 감독, 및이 작업을 가능 하 게 하는 통찰력 있는 의견에 감사 하 고 싶습니다. 우리는 또한 감사 교수 Egidio 디 안젤로와 그의 그룹 (숨은 실험실), 피코 Istituto Neurologico C. Mondino 함께 동작 추적 및 미스터 계측을 제공 하 고 지 안 Germani 미스터 인수에 대 한. 마지막으로, 우리는 박사 니콜 Caramia, 박사 알레산드로 Dallai 및 그들의 귀중 한 기술 지원에 대 한 양 바바라 Mauti 씨 월터 Volpi 소 뇌를 제공 하기 위한 감사 하 고 싶습니다.

<ol>
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S., Caliano, G., Magenes, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+Delay+Multiply+and+Sum+beamforming+algorithm+in+medical+ultrasound+imaging.">The Delay Multiply and Sum beamforming algorithm in medical ultrasound imaging.</a> IEEE Trans. Med. Imag. 34, 940-949 (2015).</li><li>Savoia, A. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Improved+lateral+resolution+and+contrast+in+ultrasound+imaging+using+a+sidelobe+masking+technique.">Improved lateral resolution and contrast in ultrasound imaging using a sidelobe masking technique.</a> Proc. IEEE Int. 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저자 들은 아무 경쟁 금융 관심사 선언 합니다.

여러 작품 유사 하거나 관련 된 프로토콜 제시 하는 기법을 설명 하는 문학에서 제시 되었다. 이 기술은 또한 고정된 동물 또는 시체 두뇌를 포함 하 여 현실적인 목표의 사용에 기반으로 하지만 그들은 주로 다양 한 종류의 디지털 등록 방법의 테스트에 대 한 잉태.
그러나 여기서 설명 하는 프로토콜은, 개발의 초기 단계에서 미국 프로브 다른 구성에서 테스트의 특정 목적을...

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="925">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">ULA-OP</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">University of Florence</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:415px;">Ultrasound imaging research system</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">3D imaging piezeoelectric probe</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Esaote s.p.a.</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">9600195000</td>
			<td>Mechanically-swept 3D ultrasound probe, model BL-433</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Linear-array piezoelectric probe</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Esaote s.p.a.</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">122001100</td>
			<td>Ultrasound linear array probe, model LA-533</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">CMUT probe</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">University Roma Tre</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Ultrasound linear array probe based on CMUT technology</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">MAGNETOM Skyra 3T MR scanner</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Siemens Healthcare</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>MR scanner</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Head coil</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Siemens Healthcare</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>32-channel head coil for MR imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">NDI Polaris Vicra</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">NDI Medical</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">8700335001</td>
			<td>Optical motion tracking system</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Pointer tool</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">NDI Medical</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">8700340</td>
			<td>Passive pointer tool with 4 reflecting markers</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Clamp-equipped tool</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">NDI Medical</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">8700399</td>
			<td>Rigid body with 4 reflecting markers and a clamp to be connected to the US probe handle</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Bovine brain</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Brain of an adult bovine, from food suppliers</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Formalin solution</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>10% buffered formalin solution for bovine brain fixation - CAUTION, formalin is a toxic chemical substance and must be handled with care; specific regulations may also apply (see for instance US OSHA Standard 1910.1048 App A)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Plastic container for anatomical parts</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Cilindrical plastic container with lid</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Glass spheres</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>3mm diameter spheres of Flint glass</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Agar</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>30 g, for phantom preparation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Glycerine</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">AEFFE Farmaceutici</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">A908005248</td>
			<td>100 g, for phantom preparation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Distilled water</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Solbat Gaysol</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">8027391000015</td>
			<td>870 g, for phantom preparation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Beaker</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Beaker used for the diluition of glycerine and agar in distilled water</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Lysoform</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Lever</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">8000680500014</td>
			<td>A benzalkonium chloride and water solution was used for the agar phantom preservation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Polystyrene mannequin head</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Polyestirene model which was cutted and used to design the configuration of spheres&#39;patterns</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Green tissue marking dye for histology</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Colour used to mark the glass spheres&#39; positions on the bovine brain surface</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Yellow enamel</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Enamel used to colour the glass spheres implanted in the agar phantom</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Water tank</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>50x50x30 cm plastic tank filled degassed water up to a 15cm height&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Mechanical arm</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Esaote s.p.a.</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Mechanical arm clamped to the water tank border and used to held the probe in fixed positions</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Plate of synthetic resin</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Plate used as a support for the bovine brain positioning in the water tank</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Sewing threads</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Sewing thread segments used to immobilize the brain on the resin plate</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Adhesive tape</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Adhesive tape used to fix the sewing thread extremities onto the resin plate</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Plastic food container</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Sealed food container used for the agar phantom</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Notebook</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Lenovo</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">Z50-70</td>
			<td>Lenovo&#160; Z50-70, Intel(R) Core i7-4510U @ 2.0 GHz, 8 GB RAM</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Workstation</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Dell Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">T5810</td>
			<td>Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E3-1240v3 @ 3.40 GHz, 16 GB RAM</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Matlab</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">The MathWorks</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">R2013a</td>
			<td>Software tool, used for space transformation computation and 3D reconstruction from image planes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">Paraview</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Kitware Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">v. 4.4.1</td>
			<td>Open-source software for 3D image processing and visualization</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">NDI Toolbox - ToolTracker Utility</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">NDI Medical</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">v. 4.007.007</td>
			<td>Software for marker position visualization and tracking in the NDI Polaris Vicra measurement volume</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">C++ data-logging software</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">NDI Medical</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">v. 4.007.007</td>
			<td>Software for marker position recording on a text log file</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:240px;">ULA-OP software&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">University of Florence</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Software for real-time display and control of the ULA-OP system</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

an experimental protocol for assessing the performance of new ultrasound probes based on cmut technology in application to brain imaging

성능 이미징의 초기 및 반복 가능한 평가 수행할 가능성이 설계에 기본 이며 개발 과정 (미국) 새로운 초음파 프로브. 특히, 응용 프로그램별 이미징 목표 보다 현실적인 분석 응용 프로그램의 그들의 잠재적인 임상 분야에서 미국 프로브의 예상된 성능을 평가 하 매우 유용할 수 있습니다.
이 작품에서 제시 하는 실험 프로토콜 고의로 응용 프로그램별 평가 절차는 새로 개발 된 우리 제공 하도록 설계 되었습니다 관련 용량 성 휘트스톤 초음파 변환기 (CMUT) 기술을 기반으로 하는 프로토 타입 프로브 뇌 이미지입니다.
프로토콜은 리얼리즘과 설명된 절차 그리고 neuronavigation 기술 신경외과에서 빌린의 반복성을 보장 하는 이미징 대상으로 포 르 말린에 고정 하는 소 뇌를 사용 하 여를 결합 합니다. 미국 조사 사실 모션 추적 위치 데이터를 획득 하 고 미국 이미지 참조 뇌의 자기 공명 (MR) 이미지의 중첩을 가능 하 게 하는 시스템에 연결 됩니다. 이 성능 이미징 미국 탐사선의 시각 질적 평가 수행 하 고 인수 다른 프로브로 만든 비교 인간의 전문가 위한 수단을 제공 합니다. 또한, 프로토콜 초음파 플랫폼 오픈 고급 (울 라-OP) 스캐너 미국 이미지 수집, 즉 완전 하 고 개방 연구 및 개발 시스템의 사용에 의존합니다.
악기와 관련 프로토콜, 특히 교정, 이미지 수집 및 미국 및 미스터 이미지의 등록 절차는 원고는 자세하게에서 설명 합니다. 얻은 결과 전적으로 열 (의 한계 내에서 관련 된 계측), 반복, 그리고 미국 이미지 수집 및 처리 활동의 전체 집합을 포함, 전체 프로토콜의 효과 증명.

설명 된 프로토콜을 통해 달성 하는 주요 결과 2D에 대 한 효과적이 고 반복 가능한 평가 절차의 실험 유효성 검사 이며 우리 3D 이미징 기능 프로브 뇌에 미래의 응용 프로그램에서 CMUT 기술을 기반으로 하는 프로토 타입 이미지입니다. 모든 설명된 프로토콜 단계 구현 후 전문가 적용할 수의 시각적 내용을 비교 하 시각화 소프트웨어 기능 (예: 무료 방향 슬 라이 싱,...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about An Experimental Protocol for Assessing the Performance of New Ultrasound Probes Based on CMUT Technology in Application to Brain Imaging at JoVE.com

An Experimental Protocol for Assessing the Performance of New Ultrasound Probes Based on CMUT Technology in Application to Brain Imaging

용량 성 휘트스톤 초음파 변환기 (CMUT) 기술을 기반으로 새로운 (미국) 초음파 프로브 개발 기능 이미징의 초기 현실적인 평가 요구 한다. 우리는 비보 전 소 뇌를 사용 하 여 이미지를 대상으로 미국 이미지 수집 및 자기 공명 이미지 비교에 대 한 반복 실험 프로토콜을 설명 합니다.

뇌 이미징 응용 프로그램에서 CMUT 기술에 기반 하는 새로운 초음파 프로브의 성능을 평가 하기 위한 실험 프로토콜

The possibility to perform an early and repeatable assessment of imaging performance is fundamental in the design and development process of new ...

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10.3K 조회수.  University of Pavia. 용량 성 휘트스톤 초음파 변환기 (CMUT) 기술을 기반으로 새로운 (미국) 초음파 프로브 개발 기능 이미징의 초기 현실적인 평가 요구 한다. 우리는 비보 전 소 뇌를 사용 하 여 이미지를 대상으로 미국 이미지 수집 및 자기 공명 이미지 비교에 대 한 반복 실험 프로토콜을 설명 합니다.