<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>다낭성 난소 증후군 유도 in Mice Through Controlled Letrozole Release

<ol>
	<li>Dapas, M., Dunaif, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Deconstructing+a+syndrome:+Genomic+insights+into+PCOS+causal+mechanisms+and+classification.">Deconstructing a syndrome: Genomic insights into PCOS causal mechanisms and classification.</a> Endocr Rev. 43 (6), 927-965 (2022).</li><li>Teede, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Anti-m&#252;llerian+hormone+in+PCOS:+A+review+informing+international+guidelines.">Anti-m&#252;llerian hormone in PCOS: A review informing international guidelines.</a> Trends Endocrinol Metab. 30 (7), 467-478 (2019).</li><li>Joham, A. 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A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+pathogenesis+of+polycystic+ovary+syndrome+(PCOS):+The+hypothesis+of+PCOS+as+functional+ovarian+hyperandrogenism+revisited.">The pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): The hypothesis of PCOS as functional ovarian hyperandrogenism revisited.</a> Endocr Rev. 37 (5), 467-520 (2016).</li><li>Wang, F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Alternative+splicing+of+the+androgen+receptor+in+polycystic+ovary+syndrome.">Alternative splicing of the androgen receptor in polycystic ovary syndrome.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 112 (15), 4743-4748 (2015).</li><li>Noroozzadeh, M., Behboudi-Gandevani, S., Zadeh-Vakili, A., Ramezani Tehrani, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hormone-induced+rat+model+of+polycystic+ovary+syndrome:+A+systematic+review.">Hormone-induced rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review.</a> Life Sci. 191, 259-272 (2017).</li><li>Tyndall, V., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+androgen+treatment+during+foetal+and/or+neonatal+life+on+ovarian+function+in+prepubertal+and+adult+rats.">Effect of androgen treatment during foetal and/or neonatal life on ovarian function in prepubertal and adult rats.</a> Reproduction. 143 (1), 21-33 (2012).</li><li>Jang, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oriental+medicine+Kyung-ok-ko+prevents+and+alleviates+dehydroepiandrosterone-induced+polycystic+ovarian+syndrome+in+rats.">Oriental medicine Kyung-ok-ko prevents and alleviates dehydroepiandrosterone-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome in rats.</a> PLoS One. 9 (2), e87623 (2014).</li><li>Brawer, J. R., Munoz, M., Farookhi, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development+of+the+polycystic+ovarian+condition+(PCO)+in+the+estradiol+valerate-treated+rat.">Development of the polycystic ovarian condition (PCO) in the estradiol valerate-treated rat.</a> Biol Reprod. 35 (3), 647-655 (1986).</li><li>Mirabolghasemi, G., Kamyab, Z. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Changes+of+the+uterine+tissue+in+rats+with+polycystic+ovary+syndrome+induced+by+estradiol+valerate.">Changes of the uterine tissue in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome induced by estradiol valerate.</a> Int J Fertil Steril. 11 (1), 47-55 (2017).</li><li>Li, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Amitriptyline+plays+important+roles+in+modifying+the+ovarian+morphology+and+improving+its+functions+in+rats+with+estradiol+valerate-induced+polycystic+ovary.">Amitriptyline plays important roles in modifying the ovarian morphology and improving its functions in rats with estradiol valerate-induced polycystic ovary.</a> Arch Pharm Res. 42 (4), 344-358 (2019).</li><li>Mamounas, E. P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Use+of+letrozole+after+aromatase+inhibitor-based+therapy+in+postmenopausal+breast+cancer+(NRG+oncology/NSABP+B-42):+A+randomised,+double-blind,+placebo-controlled,+phase+3+trial.">Use of letrozole after aromatase inhibitor-based therapy in postmenopausal breast cancer (NRG oncology/NSABP B-42): A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.</a> Lancet Oncol. 20 (1), 88-99 (2019).</li><li>Deveci, H. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Histological+evaluation+of+rat+larynx+in+experimental+polycystic+ovary+syndrome+model.">Histological evaluation of rat larynx in experimental polycystic ovary syndrome model.</a> Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 269 (8), 1945-1950 (2012).</li><li>Du, D. F., Li, X. L., Fang, F., Du, M. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expression+of+anti-m&#252;llerian+hormone+in+letrozole+rat+model+of+polycystic+ovary+syndrome.">Expression of anti-m&#252;llerian hormone in letrozole rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome.</a> Gynecol Endocrinol. 30 (12), 885-889 (2014).</li><li>Kelley, S. T., Skarra, D. V., Rivera, A. J., Thackray, V. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+gut+microbiome+is+altered+in+a+letrozole-induced+mouse+model+of+polycystic+ovary+syndrome.">The gut microbiome is altered in a letrozole-induced mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome.</a> PLoS One. 11 (1), e0146509 (2016).</li><li>Arroyo, P., Ho, B. S., Sau, L., Kelley, S. T., Thackray, V. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Letrozole+treatment+of+pubertal+female+mice+results+in+activational+effects+on+reproduction,+metabolism+and+the+gut+microbiome.">Letrozole treatment of pubertal female mice results in activational effects on reproduction, metabolism and the gut microbiome.</a> PLoS One. 14 (9), e0223274 (2019).</li><li>Pyun, B. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tetragonia+tetragonioides+(pall.)+Kuntze+regulates+androgen+production+in+a+letrozole-induced+polycystic+ovary+syndrome+model.">Tetragonia tetragonioides (pall.) Kuntze regulates androgen production in a letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome model.</a> Molecules. 23 (5), 1173 (2018).</li><li>Patel, R., Shah, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Insulin+sensitizers+modulate+GNRH+receptor+expression+in+PCOS+rats.">Insulin sensitizers modulate GNRH receptor expression in PCOS rats.</a> Arch Med Res. 49 (3), 154-163 (2018).</li><li>Chaudhari, N., Dawalbhakta, M., Nampoothiri, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=GNRH+dysregulation+in+polycystic+ovarian+syndrome+(PCOS)+is+a+manifestation+of+an+altered+neurotransmitter+profile.">GNRH dysregulation in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a manifestation of an altered neurotransmitter profile.</a> Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 16 (1), 37 (2018).</li><li>Turner, P. V., Brabb, T., Pekow, C., Vasbinder, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Administration+of+substances+to+laboratory+animals:+Routes+of+administration+and+factors+to+consider.">Administration of substances to laboratory animals: Routes of administration and factors to consider.</a> J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 50 (5), 600-613 (2011).</li><li>Lee, Y. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Welsh+onion+root+(Allium+fistulosum)+restores+ovarian+functions+from+letrozole+induced-polycystic+ovary+syndrome.">Welsh onion root (Allium fistulosum) restores ovarian functions from letrozole induced-polycystic ovary syndrome.</a> Nutrients. 10 (10), 1430 (2018).</li><li>Yang, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Traditional+medicine+(mahuang-tang)+improves+ovarian+dysfunction+and+the+regulation+of+steroidogenic+genes+in+letrozole-induced+PCOS+rats.">Traditional medicine (mahuang-tang) improves ovarian dysfunction and the regulation of steroidogenic genes in letrozole-induced PCOS rats.</a> J Ethnopharmacol. 248, 112300 (2020).</li><li>Corrie, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Recent+updates+on+animal+models+for+understanding+the+etiopathogenesis+of+polycystic+ovarian+syndrome.">Recent updates on animal models for understanding the etiopathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome.</a> Life Sci. 280, 119753 (2021).</li><li>Corbin, C. J., Trant, J. M., Walters, K. W., Conley, A. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Changes+in+testosterone+metabolism+associated+with+the+evolution+of+placental+and+gonadal+isozymes+of+porcine+aromatase+cytochrome+p450.">Changes in testosterone metabolism associated with the evolution of placental and gonadal isozymes of porcine aromatase cytochrome p450.</a> Endocrinology. 140 (11), 5202-5210 (1999).</li><li>Ryan, G. E., Malik, S., Mellon, P. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antiandrogen+treatment+ameliorates+reproductive+and+metabolic+phenotypes+in+the+letrozole-induced+mouse+model+of+PCOS.">Antiandrogen treatment ameliorates reproductive and metabolic phenotypes in the letrozole-induced mouse model of PCOS.</a> Endocrinology. 159 (4), 1734-1747 (2018).</li><li>Bhattarai, P., Rijal, S., Bhattarai, J. P., Cho, D. H., Han, S. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Suppression+of+neurotransmission+on+gonadotropin-releasing+hormone+neurons+in+letrozole-induced+polycystic+ovary+syndrome:+A+mouse+model.">Suppression of neurotransmission on gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons in letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome: A mouse model.</a> Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 13, 1059255 (2022).</li><li>Annie, L., Gurusubramanian, G., Roy, V. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inhibition+of+visfatin+by+fk866+mitigates+pathogenesis+of+cystic+ovary+in+letrozole-induced+hyperandrogenised+mice.">Inhibition of visfatin by fk866 mitigates pathogenesis of cystic ovary in letrozole-induced hyperandrogenised mice.</a> Life Sci. 276, 119409 (2021).</li><li>Mcdonald, L. 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<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr >
			<td >Syringe</td>
			<td >Bofeng Biotech</td>
			<td >BD300841</td>
			<td >1ML (sterile)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Centrifugation tube</td>
			<td>Biological Hope</td>
			<td>1850-K</td>
			<td>15ML (sterile)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Pipette</td>
			<td >Eppendorf</td>
			<td >3123000268-A</td>
			<td>100&#956;L-1000&#956;L (sterile)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Pipette</td>
			<td >TopPette</td>
			<td >7010101008</td>
			<td>10&#956;L-100&#956;L (sterile)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Letrozole powder</td>
			<td >Sigma</td>
			<td >L6545-50MG</td>
			<td>Primary acting drugs (sterile)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >PEG(Poly(ethylene glycol))</td>
			<td >Solarbio</td>
			<td >P8250</td>
			<td>Used for dissolution (sterile)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Sterile Physiological Saline Solution</td>
			<td >Biosharp</td>
			<td >BL158A</td>
			<td>Mini-pump storage</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Osmotic Pumps</td>
			<td >ALZET</td>
			<td >1004</td>
			<td>Letrozole storage and sustained release (sterile)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Dimethyl sulfoxide</td>
			<td >Biosharp</td>
			<td >BS087</td>
			<td>Used for dissolution (sterile)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Small Animal Anesthesia Machine</td>
			<td >RWD&#160;</td>
			<td >R500IP</td>
			<td>Used for anesthesia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Isoflurane&#160;</td>
			<td>RWD</td>
			<td>20071302</td>
			<td>Used for anesthesia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Hemostats</td>
			<td>Biosharp</td>
			<td>BS-HF-S-125</td>
			<td>Surgical instrument</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Scissors</td>
			<td >Biosharp</td>
			<td >BS-SOR-S-100P</td>
			<td>Surgical instrument</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Needle holder</td>
			<td>ShangHaiJZ</td>
			<td>J32010</td>
			<td>Surgical instrument</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Forceps</td>
			<td >RWD&#160;</td>
			<td>F12028</td>
			<td>Surgical instrument</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Needle and the 4-0 absorbable suture</td>
			<td >JINGHUAN</td>
			<td >CR413</td>
			<td>Surgical instrument</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Povidone-iodine swabs</td>
			<td >SingleLady</td>
			<td>GB26368-2010</td>
			<td>Skin disinfection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Depilatory cream</td>
			<td >ZIKER BIOTECHNOLOGY</td>
			<td >ZK-L2701&#160;</td>
			<td>Depilation agent for laboratory animals</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Nitrile Gloves</td>
			<td >Biosharp</td>
			<td >BC040-L</td>
			<td>Used for aseptic operation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Sterile gauze</td>
			<td >ZHENDE</td>
			<td >BA69087</td>
			<td>Used for wiping liquids</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >C57BL/6J Mice</td>
			<td >Shanghai Model Organisms Center</td>
			<td >N/A</td>
			<td>Age: 4 weeks</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Pet Eye Lubricant</td>
			<td >BAITE</td>
			<td >SHF021153</td>
			<td>Used for mouse eye lubricant</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Meloxicam Injection</td>
			<td >MEIDAJIA</td>
			<td>R21064-21</td>
			<td>Used for mouse analgesia (sterile)</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a modified technique for inducing polycystic ovary syndrome in mice

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common conditions among women of reproductive age1. It affects up to 18% of women globally and is the leading cause of female infertility worldwide2,3. PCOS is characterized by a series of interrelated reproductive abnormalities, including disturbed gonadotropin secretion, chronic anovulation, increased androgen production, and polycystic ovarian morphology4. In addition to gynecological disorders, PCOS also increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases5,6. Despite decades of research, the etiology of PCOS remains unclear7,8.
To gain better insights into the pathogenesis of PCOS and develop novel therapies, the creation of animal models that closely mimic human physiology is of tremendous importance9. Currently reported rodent models of PCOS include those induced by treatments with testosterone, letrozole, and estradiol valerate, among others. Testosterone induces hyperandrogenemia and is more commonly used as a PCOS inducer in rats10. DHEA has been used to induce PCOS in rodents, increasing testosterone levels, LH/FSH (luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone) ratios, and causing irregular estrous cycles11. Estradiol valerate (EV) is a long-acting estrogen, and studies using this method show that levels of sex steroid hormones and gonadotropins vary depending on the dose of EV administered12,13,14. Letrozole is a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor15. Letrozole treatment induces non-cyclic estrus, increases ovarian weight, body weight, enlarges adipocytes, maximizes follicle development, and elevates testosterone levels in rats16,17. Letrozole-treated mice exhibit increased numbers of sinus follicles and hemorrhagic cysts, as well as elevated concentrations of LH, FSH, estradiol, and progesterone18,19.
Currently, the main methods for letrozole-induced PCOS modeling involve oral administration and subcutaneous injection, both of which require repeated daily dosing20,21,22. These methods are time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the repetitive administration likely causes significant stress to the animals23. Although some studies use letrozole pellets24,25, these products need to be customized and are expensive. This report describes a technique for inducing PCOS in mice using mini-pumps. This method is simple, time-saving, and uses surgical tools and equipment that are readily available in most laboratories.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>저자 스포트라이트: 다낭성 난소 증후군의 메커니즘 및 유도 모델 조사

생쥐에서 다낭성 난소 증후군을 유도하기 위한 수정된 기술

Our research focuses primarily on the physiological and the pathological mechanisms related to polycystic ovary syndrome. Specifically, this research aims to develop a simple and efficient technique in inducing PCOS in mouse in order to better stimulate and study the physiological policies of PCOS, P-C-O-S. In 2023, academician Huang's team published a study in circulation that proposed a new mechanism involving chronic inflammation in the development of high-risk cardiovascular disease in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.Our protocol offers a time-saving and flexible method to faithfully induce PCOS in mice, avoids repeated drug administration, and reduces the influence of non-experimental factors. Our laboratory will focus on investigating the mechanism behind the developmental origins of disease. We aim to uncover how adverse early life exposure contribute to the onset of metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurological disorders later in life.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the leading causes of infertility in women. Animal models are widely used to study the etiologic mechanisms of ...

a-modified-technique-for-inducing-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-in-mice

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

A Modified Technique for Inducing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Mice

594 조회수.  Fudan University. 우리의 연구는 주로 다낭성 난소 증후군과 관련된 생리학적 및 병리학적 메커니즘에 초점을 맞추고 있습니다. 구체적으로, 본 연구는 PCOS, P-C-O-S의 생리적 정책을 보다 잘 자극하고 연구하기 위해 마우스에서 PCOS를 유도하는 간단하고 효율적인 기술을 개발하는 것을 목표로 합니다. 2023년 황 교수 팀은 다낭성 난소 증후군 환자의 고위험 심혈관 질환 ...