Name: isolation of mouse coronary endothelial cells
Uploaded: 2016-07-03T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of Mouse Coronary Endothelial Cells at JoVE.com

This work was supported by the grant from the National Institutes of Health (HL115578 to A. Makino).

The research on mice was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of the University of Arizona and was performed according to the National Institute of Health (NIH) guidelines.
NOTE: Sections 1, 2 and 3 should be carried out the day before the experiment as setup.
1. Preparing Solutions
<ol>
	<li>CD31 buffer (50 ml)
	<ol>
		<li>Add 50 ml 1&#215; Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS) to a 50 ml tube. Weigh 0.05 g Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and 0.037 g Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDT...

<ol>
	<li>Michiels, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endothelial+cell+functions.">Endothelial cell functions.</a> J Cell Physiol. 196, 430-443 (2003).</li><li>Sumpio, B. E., Riley, J. T., Dardik, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cells+in+focus:+endothelial+cell.">Cells in focus: endothelial cell.</a> Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 34, 1508-1512 (2002).</li><li>Cines, D. B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endothelial+cells+in+physiology+and+in+the+pathophysiology+of+vascular+disorders.">Endothelial cells in physiology and in the pathophysiology of vascular disorders.</a> Blood. 91, 3527-3561 (1998).</li><li>Deanfield, J. E., Halcox, J. P., Rabelink, T. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endothelial+function+and+dysfunction:+testing+and+clinical+relevance.">Endothelial function and dysfunction: testing and clinical relevance.</a> Circulation. 115, 1285-1295 (2007).</li><li>Jin, Y., Liu, Y., Antonyak, M., Peng, X. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+and+characterization+of+vascular+endothelial+cells+from+murine+heart+and+lung.">Isolation and characterization of vascular endothelial cells from murine heart and lung.</a> Methods Mol Biol. 843, 147-154 (2012).</li><li>Makino, A., Platoshyn, O., Suarez, J., Yuan, J. X., Dillmann, W. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Downregulation+of+connexin40+is+associated+with+coronary+endothelial+cell+dysfunction+in+streptozotocin-induced+diabetic+mice.">Downregulation of connexin40 is associated with coronary endothelial cell dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.</a> Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 295, C221-C230 (2008).</li><li>Marelli-Berg, F. M., Peek, E., Lidington, E. A., Stauss, H. J., Lechler, R. I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+of+endothelial+cells+from+murine+tissue.">Isolation of endothelial cells from murine tissue.</a> J Immunol Methods. 244, 205-215 (2000).</li><li>van Beijnum, J. R., Rousch, M., Castermans, K., vander Linden, E., Griffioen, A. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+of+endothelial+cells+from+fresh+tissues.">Isolation of endothelial cells from fresh tissues.</a> Nat Protoc. 3, 1085-1091 (2008).</li><li>Nolan, D. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Molecular+signatures+of+tissue-specific+microvascular+endothelial+cell+heterogeneity+in+organ+maintenance+and+regeneration.">Molecular signatures of tissue-specific microvascular endothelial cell heterogeneity in organ maintenance and regeneration.</a> Dev Cell. 26, 204-219 (2013).</li><li>Sobczak, M., Dargatz, J., Chrzanowska-Wodnicka, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+and+culture+of+pulmonary+endothelial+cells+from+neonatal+mice.">Isolation and culture of pulmonary endothelial cells from neonatal mice.</a> J Vis Exp. , (2010).</li><li>Makino, A., Dai, A., Han, Y., Youssef, K. D., Wang, W., Donthamsetty, R., Scott, B. T., Wang, H., Dillmann, W. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=O-GlcNAcase+overexpression+reverses+coronary+endothelial+cell+dysfunction+in+type+1+diabetic+mice.">O-GlcNAcase overexpression reverses coronary endothelial cell dysfunction in type 1 diabetic mice.</a> Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 309, C593-C599 (2015).</li><li>Sasaki, K., Donthamsetty, R., Heldak, M., Cho, Y., Scott, B. T., Makino, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=VDAC:+old+protein+with+new+roles+in+diabetes.">VDAC: old protein with new roles in diabetes.</a> Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 303, C1055-C1060 (2012).</li></ol>

The most widely used endothelial cells in research are human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) because of their convenience and ease of culturing. However, a lot of research requires the availability of a physiological model attained by the isolation of endothelial cells from other specific organs10. Endothelial cells make up a very minor population of cells in the heart tissue; their isolation and culturing can prove to be very difficult.
There are three critical steps with...

Mouse models of various cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders bear physiological and molecular changes which are similar to those found in patients. Furthermore, genetic alteration of mice is a powerful tool that allows us to investigate the pathogenic role of specific genes in the development and progression of diseases. Nowadays, cell-type-specific gene-knock-in or -out mice are easily generated in many laboratories and the measurement of mRNA and protein levels in specific cell types is the first step in determining whether the mice were truly genetically modified.
Endothelium is a thin single layer of endothelial cells (ECs) that lines the inner vascular wall. Endothelial cells play a critical role in regulating vascular tension, vascular permeability, and new vascular formation1,2. Endothelial dysfunction is a hallmark of many pathological conditions and changes in endothelial function can lead to various cardiovascular diseases3,4. It is thus significant to study the function of endothelial cells under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
There are several ways to isolate ECs5-8 and the isolation method has to be optimized depending on which tissues and species will be used. This is because ECs from different tissues display a high level of heterogeneity with respect to their surface markers and protein expression9. Successful isolation of endothelial cells can often be challenging and requires some degree of training and practice. Once achieved, the method of isolation proposed in this protocol proves to be stable and efficient.
The overall goal of this method is to obtain mouse coronary ECs (MCECs) of high quality and quantity. Even though the quantity of cells collected from a heart is less than cells collected from other tissues using other techniques, this technique still provides better quality. The purity of endothelial cells in the resulting population is greater than 90%. Thus, this technique would be ideal for applications that rely on purely isolated endothelial cells such as cell imaging.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="876">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:239px;">BSA</td>
			<td style="width:251px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:108px;">A3311-10G</td>
			<td style="width:280px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">EDTA</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>BP120-500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">HBSS</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>SH3026801</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Hepes</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>H4034-500G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Sodium Bicarbonate&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>S5761</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">D-(+)-Glucose&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>G7021-1KG</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="38">
			<td height="38" style="height:38px;">Sheep anti-rat IgG beads&#160;</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>F-410L</td>
			<td style="width:280px;">DynaBeads pan mouse IgG , Thermo Fisher Scientific, cat# 11035</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Rat anti-mouse PECAM Antibody&#160;</td>
			<td>BD Pharmigen</td>
			<td>550274</td>
			<td>BD Biosciences</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">IFCS&#160;</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>SH30072.04</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">M199</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>MT10060-CV</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Dispase (Neutral Protease)</td>
			<td>Worthington Biochemical Corp./Fisher</td>
			<td>LS02109</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Collagenase Type II&#160;</td>
			<td>Worthington Biochemical Corp./Fisher</td>
			<td>LS004176</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Glycerol&#160;</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>BP381-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Igepal</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>13021-50ml</td>
			<td>I3021-50 ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Phosphatase inhibitor cocktail</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>P0044-1ml</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Protease inhibitor cocktail</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>P8340-1 ml</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Heparin&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>H3149-100KU</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">FBS&#160;</td>
			<td>Fisher/Mediatech</td>
			<td>MT35010CV</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">D-Valine</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>V1255-5G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">EGS</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>356006</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Penicillin/Streptomycin</td>
			<td>Fisher/Mediatech</td>
			<td>MT-30-002-Cl</td>
			<td>MT-30-002-CI</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

isolation of mouse coronary endothelial cells

Endothelial cells line the inner wall of blood vessels and play an important role in the regulation of vascular tone, vascular permeability, and new vascular formation. Endothelial cell dysfunction is implicated in the development and progression of many cardiovascular diseases including ischemic heart disease. To examine the function and characterization of coronary endothelial cells, cell isolation is the first step and it requires high purity and quantity to conduct subsequent experiments. This protocol describes an efficient method to isolate adult mouse coronary endothelial cells. The mouse heart is dissected and minced into small pieces. After the digestion of the heart using dispase and collagenase II, cells are washed&#160;and incubated with magnetic beads which are conjugated with anti-CD31 antibody. The beads with endothelial cells are washed several times and are ready to use in various applications, including imaging and molecular biological experiments. Efficient isolation yields approximately 104 cells per one heart with over 90% purity.

The successful isolation of coronary endothelial cells from a mouse heart typically yields around 104 cells with over 90% purity with a cobblestone shape. For a pure population of endothelial cells, caution should be taken throughout the protocol to ensure a sterile environment free from any contamination. The appearance of elongated cells or enlarged cells within the population indicates contamination with other cell types, smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. Endothelial cell...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of Mouse Coronary Endothelial Cells at JoVE.com

Isolation of Mouse Coronary Endothelial Cells

This protocol is prepared to share our method of isolating mouse coronary endothelial cells for the purpose of imaging or to conduct molecular biological experiments.

Endothelial cells line the inner wall of blood vessels and play an important role in the regulation of vascular tone, vascular permeability, and new ...

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