Name: isolation of murine lymph node stromal cells
Uploaded: 2014-08-19T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of Murine Lymph Node Stromal Cells at JoVE.com

The authors thank Sanjiv Luther and colleagues for helpful discussions in establishing the current lymph node digestion protocol. This work was supported by SNF grants PPOOA-_119204 and PPOOP3_144918 to S.W.R.

In this video publication and protocol, all animal procedures were conducted in accordance to the animal protocol approved by the Cantonal Authority Basel-Stadt, Switzerland.
1. Lymph Nodes Preparation and Digestion
<ol>
	<li>Pre-heat water in a beaker to 37 &#176;C on a magnetic stirrer with heating plate.</li>
	<li>Prepare Basic Medium as following: DMEM medium (without pyruvate) supplemented with 2% FCS, 1.2 mM CaCl2 and Pen/Strep (100 units of penicillin, 100 &#181;g of strept...

<ol>
	<li>Mueller, S. N., Ahmed, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lymphoid+stroma+in+the+initiation+and+control+of+immune+responses.">Lymphoid stroma in the initiation and control of immune responses.</a> Immunological reviews. 224, 284-294 (2008).</li><li>Roozendaal, R., Mebius, R. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stromal+Cell+-+Immune+Cell+Interactions.">Stromal Cell - Immune Cell Interactions.</a> Annual Review of Immunology. 29 (1), 23-43 (2011).</li><li>Turley, S. J., Fletcher, A. L., Elpek, K. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+stromal+and+haematopoietic+antigen-presenting+cells+that+reside+in+secondary+lymphoid+organs.">The stromal and haematopoietic antigen-presenting cells that reside in secondary lymphoid organs.</a> Nature Reviews Immunology. 10 (12), (2010).</li><li>Baj&#233;noff, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stromal+cell+networks+regulate+lymphocyte+entry,+migration,+and+territoriality+in+lymph+nodes.">Stromal cell networks regulate lymphocyte entry, migration, and territoriality in lymph nodes.</a> Immunity. 25 (6), 989-1001 (2006).</li><li>Katakai, T., Hara, T., Sugai, M., Gonda, H., Shimizu, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lymph+node+fibroblastic+reticular+cells+construct+the+stromal+reticulum+via+contact+with+lymphocytes.">Lymph node fibroblastic reticular cells construct the stromal reticulum via contact with lymphocytes.</a> The Journal of experimental medicine. 200 (6), 783-795 (2004).</li><li>Link, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fibroblastic+reticular+cells+in+lymph+nodes+regulate+the+homeostasis+of+naive+T+cells.">Fibroblastic reticular cells in lymph nodes regulate the homeostasis of naive T cells.</a> Nature Immunology. 8 (11), 1255-1265 (2007).</li><li>Malhotra, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transcriptional+profiling+of+stroma+from+inflamed+and+resting+lymph+nodes+defines+immunological+hallmarks.">Transcriptional profiling of stroma from inflamed and resting lymph nodes defines immunological hallmarks.</a> Nature Immunology. 13 (5), 499-510 (2012).</li><li>Gretz, J. E., Norbury, C. C., Anderson, A. O., Proudfoot, A. E., Shaw, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lymph-borne+chemokines+and+other+low+molecular+weight+molecules+reach+high+endothelial+venules+via+specialized+conduits+while+a+functional+barrier+limits+access+to+the+lymphocyte+microenvironments+in+lymph+node+cortex.">Lymph-borne chemokines and other low molecular weight molecules reach high endothelial venules via specialized conduits while a functional barrier limits access to the lymphocyte microenvironments in lymph node cortex.</a> The Journal of experimental medicine. 192 (10), 1425-1440 (2000).</li><li>Sixt, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+conduit+system+transports+soluble+antigens+from+the+afferent+lymph+to+resident+dendritic+cells+in+the+T+cell+area+of+the+lymph+node.">The conduit system transports soluble antigens from the afferent lymph to resident dendritic cells in the T cell area of the lymph node.</a> Immunity. 22 (1), 19-29 (2005).</li><li>MartIn-Fontecha, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulation+of+dendritic+cell+migration+to+the+draining+lymph+node:+impact+on+T+lymphocyte+traffic+and+priming.">Regulation of dendritic cell migration to the draining lymph node: impact on T lymphocyte traffic and priming.</a> The Journal of experimental medicine. 198 (4), 615-621 (2003).</li><li>Luther, S. A., Tang, H. L., Hyman, P. L., Farr, A. G., Cyster, J. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Coexpression+of+the+chemokines+ELC+and+SLC+by+T+zone+stromal+cells+and+deletion+of+the+ELC+gene+in+the+plt/plt+mouse.">Coexpression of the chemokines ELC and SLC by T zone stromal cells and deletion of the ELC gene in the plt/plt mouse.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 97 (23), 12694-12699 (2000).</li><li>Braun, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Afferent+lymph-derived+T+cells+and+DCs+use+different+chemokine+receptor+CCR7-dependent+routes+for+entry+into+the+lymph+node+and+intranodal+migration.">Afferent lymph-derived T cells and DCs use different chemokine receptor CCR7-dependent routes for entry into the lymph node and intranodal migration.</a> Nature Immunology. 12 (9), 879-887 (2011).</li><li>Fletcher, A. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reproducible+isolation+of+lymph+node+stromal+cells+reveals+site-dependent+differences+in+fibroblastic+reticular+cells.">Reproducible isolation of lymph node stromal cells reveals site-dependent differences in fibroblastic reticular cells.</a> Frontiers in immunology. 2, 35 (2011).</li><li>Lukacs-Kornek, V., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulated+release+of+nitric+oxide+by+nonhematopoietic+stroma+controls+expansion+of+the+activated+T+cell+pool+in+lymph+nodes.">Regulated release of nitric oxide by nonhematopoietic stroma controls expansion of the activated T cell pool in lymph nodes.</a> Nature Immunology. 12 (11), 1096-1104 (2011).</li><li>Siegert, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fibroblastic+reticular+cells+from+lymph+nodes+attenuate+T+cell+expansion+by+producing+nitric+oxide.">Fibroblastic reticular cells from lymph nodes attenuate T cell expansion by producing nitric oxide.</a> PLoS ONE. 6 (11), e27618 (2011).</li><li>Khan, O., Headley, M., Gerard, A., Wei, W., Liu, L., Krummel, M. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulation+of+T+cell+priming+by+lymphoid+stroma.">Regulation of T cell priming by lymphoid stroma.</a> PLoS ONE. 6 (11), e26138 (2011).</li><li>Svensson, M., Maroof, A., Ato, M., Kaye, P. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stromal+cells+direct+local+differentiation+of+regulatory+dendritic+cells.">Stromal cells direct local differentiation of regulatory dendritic cells.</a> Immunity. 21 (6), 805-816 (2004).</li><li>Onder, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endothelial+cell-specific+lymphotoxin-&#946;+receptor+signaling+is+critical+for+lymph+node+and+high+endothelial+venule+formation.">Endothelial cell-specific lymphotoxin-&#946; receptor signaling is critical for lymph node and high endothelial venule formation.</a> The Journal of experimental medicine. 210 (3), 465-473 (2013).</li><li>Fletcher, A. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lymph+node+fibroblastic+reticular+cells+directly+present+peripheral+tissue+antigen+under+steady-state+and+inflammatory+conditions.">Lymph node fibroblastic reticular cells directly present peripheral tissue antigen under steady-state and inflammatory conditions.</a> The Journal of experimental medicine. 207 (4), 689-697 (2010).</li><li>Fletcher, A. L., Malhotra, D., Turley, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lymph+node+stroma+broaden+the+peripheral+tolerance+paradigm.">Lymph node stroma broaden the peripheral tolerance paradigm.</a> Trends in Immunology. 32 (1), 12-18 (2011).</li><li>Cohen, J. N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lymph+node-resident+lymphatic+endothelial+cells+mediate+peripheral+tolerance+via+Aire-independent+direct+antigen+presentation.">Lymph node-resident lymphatic endothelial cells mediate peripheral tolerance via Aire-independent direct antigen presentation.</a> Journal of Experimental Medicine. 207 (4), 681-688 (2010).</li><li>Lee, J. -. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Peripheral+antigen+display+by+lymph+node+stroma+promotes+T+cell+tolerance+to+intestinal+self.">Peripheral antigen display by lymph node stroma promotes T cell tolerance to intestinal self.</a> Nat Immunol. 8, 181-190 (2006).</li><li>Nichols, L. 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The study of lymph node stromal cells recently became a research focus due to the development of two published digestion protocols6,13. Both protocols are adequate to gain single lymph node stromal cells but differ in the use of digestion enzymes and the time of digestion. Since stromal cells and their surface markers are sensitive to enzymatic digestion and mechanical stress, an optimized protocol is required.
The isolation of viable lymph node stromal cells from freshly dissected ...

Lymph nodes are specialized compartments where adaptive immune responses against foreign and self-antigens are initiated and coordinated. The procedure presented here describes a short enzymatic digestion combined with automated mechanical pipetting to obtain lymph node single cell suspension and gain access to viable lymph node stromal cells that maintain the surface expression of several molecules.
Lymph node stromal cell form the scaffold of the lymph node and fulfill three major functions: first they filter body fluids to sample antigens, pathogens and their pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMPs), as well as cytokines and danger associated molecular pattern (DAMPs) present in the body. Second, they attract and instruct antigen presenting cells (APC) and lymphocytes to interact and initiate adaptive immune responses; and third, they provide a structural environment for the homeostasis and differentiation of lymphocytes1-3. During inflammation lymph node stromal cells produce growth factors, cytokines and chemokines, adapt to swelling thereby organizing the interaction between dendritic cells (DCs), T-, and B- cells. The orchestration of immune responses is only possible due to the complex structural architecture formed by different stromal cell populations.
Lymph node stromal cells are CD45 negative cells and can be distinguished by the expression of CD31 or gp38 in fibroblastic and endothelial cells1-6. Gp38+CD31- defines T zone reticular cells (TRC, also known as FRC: fibroblastic reticular cells), gp38+CD31+ defines lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC), gp38-CD31+ defines blood endothelial cells (BEC). Further, characterization of the subpopulations revealed the existence of other lymph node stromal cells. Indeed, a small pericyte-like cell population was characterized within the gp38-CD31- population7. Therefore, adaptation of the isolation procedure is advantageous for identification and characterization of the functional properties of different lymph node stromal cells.
Before the development of lymph node stromal cells digestion protocols the study of lymph node stromal cells was limited to in situ observations using tissue section and microscopy. Nevertheless, structural and functional studies showed important characteristics of lymph node stromal cells. Lymph node stromal cells are associated with podoplanin, collagen and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins to form a complex 3 dimensional structure called conduit system, which transports lymph and associated-low molecular mass proteins from the subcapsular sinus of the lymph node to the high endothelial venules in the T cells zone8. DCs are in close contact with stroma cells and may be observed protruding into the tubular conduit structure to sample fluid and detect antigens8. The interaction of lymph node stromal cells (TRCs and LECs) with DCs is mediated by the release and presentation of chemokines CCL21 and CCL199,10. CCL19 and CCL21 are recognized by the CCR7 receptor facilitating DCs and T cells to migrate to the lymph node T cell zone4,11. Despite using similar chemokines, DCs and T cells have different migration routes into the lymph nodes12. Later, using enzymatic digestion of the lymph node and isolation of pure lymph node stromal cells, functional studies were performed on the role of the different lymph node stromal cells and their ability to interact with DCs and T/B cells6,13. First, the crosstalk between IFN-&#947; producing effector T cells and lymph node stromal cells induces the production of the metabolite nitric oxide shown to dampen T cell responses and proliferation in the secondary lymphoid organs14-16. Second, lymph node stromal cells have been reported to support the differentiation of regulatory DC subsets via the production of IL-1017, and to modulate na&#239;ve T cell homeostasis via the production of IL-76,18. Third, TLR expression in lymph node stromal cells suggests that stromal cells are susceptible to signal derived from an infection or self-molecules released during tissue injury. Indeed, the treatment of lymph node stromal cells with the ligand of TLR3 poly(I:C) induces a modest upregulation of major histocompatibility complex class I expression and upregulation of co-inhibitory molecule PD-L1, but not of costimulatory molecules, resulting in dramatic changes in peripheral tissue antigens expression19. Several groups have shown lymph node stromal cells express peripheral tissue antigens and induce tolerance of self-reactive T cells19,21-27. Therefore, understanding the interactions between lymph node stromal cells and the other migratory and resident lymph node cells will help to find new target molecules to allow activation or suppression of immune responses during inflammation. Therefore, the implementation of the published enzymatic separation of the lymph node is needed.
Previously published protocols use different combinations of collagenase-based enzymatic digestion with low mechanical stress6,19,20. However, long incubations with digestion enzymes or the different combination of digestion enzyme might degrade various surface molecules required to analyze the activation status and to identify new lymph node stromal cells. Depending on the type of the stromal cell analysis, the Link Protocol or Fletcher Protocol might be more suited. In the described procedure, a slightly shorter enzymatic digestion is combined with automated mechanical disaggregation to minimize surface marker degradation of viable lymph node stromal cells. This procedure enables highly reproducible isolation and distinction of lymph node stromal cell populations with low variability and more than 95% viability. The freshly isolated lymph node stromal cells can be directly used for surface marker expression, protein analysis, and transcriptional studies, as well as establishment of stromal cells lines to perform functional assays in vitro.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="959">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">DMEM</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">LifeTechnologies-Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">41965-039</td>
			<td style="width:395px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">FCS</td>
			<td style="width:231px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Final concentration 2%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">CaCl2</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">499609</td>
			<td>Final concentration 1.2 mM</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Collagenase IV</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Worthington Biochemical Corporation</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>&#62;160 units per mg dry weight, use at final concentration of 1 mg/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Collagenase D</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Roche</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">11088882001</td>
			<td>use at 3.5 mg/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">DNAse I</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Roche&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">11284932001</td>
			<td>use at 40 &#181;g/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">stiring magnets</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">FAUST</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>5 mm long-2 mm &#248;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Polystyren Round-Bottom Tubes 5ml</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Falcon-BD Bioscience</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Magnetic stirrer with heating funktion</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">IKA-RCT-standard</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">9720250</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Petridishes 100 mm, sterile</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">TPP</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">6223201</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">25G needles</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Terumo</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">anti mouse CD45 Ab</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Biolegend</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Clone 30-F11</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">anti mouse CD11c Ab</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Biolegend</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Clone N418</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">anti mouse Podoplanin Ab</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Biolegend</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Clone 8.1.1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">anti mouse CD31 Ab</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Biolegend</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Clone MEC13.3</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;"> 
			Eppendorf Xplorer plus, Multichannel</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Eppendorf</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">4861 000.821/830</td>
			<td>1.250 &#181;l max. volume</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">anti mouse CD140a</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Biolegend</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Clone APA5</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">anti mouse CD80</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Biolegend</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Clone 16-10A1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">anti mouse CD40</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Biolegend</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Clone 1C10</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">anti mouse I-Ab</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Biolegend</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Clone AF6-120.1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">anti mouse CD274 (PD-L1)</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Biolegend</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Clone 10F.9G2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">LIVE/DEAD Fixable Near-IR Dead Cell stain kit</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">L10119</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

isolation of murine lymph node stromal cells

Secondary lymphoid organs including lymph nodes are composed of stromal cells that provide a structural environment for homeostasis, activation and differentiation of lymphocytes. Various stromal cell subsets have been identified by the expression of the adhesion molecule CD31 and glycoprotein podoplanin (gp38), T zone reticular cells or fibroblastic reticular cells, lymphatic endothelial cells, blood endothelial cells and FRC-like pericytes within the double negative cell population. For all populations different functions are described including, separation and lining of different compartments, attraction of and interaction with different cell types, filtration of the draining fluidics and contraction of the lymphatic vessels. In the last years, different groups have described an additional role of stromal cells in orchestrating and regulating cytotoxic T cell responses potentially dangerous for the host. 
Lymph nodes are complex structures with many different cell types and therefore require a appropriate procedure for isolation of the desired cell populations. Currently, protocols for the isolation of lymph node stromal cells rely on enzymatic digestion with varying incubation times; however, stromal cells and their surface molecules are sensitive to these enzymes, which results in loss of surface marker expression and cell death. Here a short enzymatic digestion protocol combined with automated mechanical disruption to obtain viable single cells suspension of lymph node stromal cells maintaining their surface molecule expression is proposed.

The present protocol is a modified digestion protocol published by Link et al., 20076 with a shorter digestion time (45 min maximum) due to mechanical disaggregation with an automated multichannel pipette. In addition, the procedure is more standardized, minimizes degradation of surface markers on different lymph node stromal cells and allows the handling of more than one sample at the same time.
Collagenase IV and Collagenase D in Links protocol6 and current pro...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of Murine Lymph Node Stromal Cells at JoVE.com

Isolation of Murine Lymph Node Stromal Cells

Isolation of lymph node stromal cells is a multistep procedure including enzymatic digestion and mechanical disaggregation to obtain fibroblastic reticular cells, lymphatic and blood endothelial cells. In the described procedure, a short digestion is combined with automated mechanical disaggregation to minimize surface marker degradation of viable lymph node stromal cells.

Secondary lymphoid organs including lymph nodes are composed of stromal cells that provide a structural environment for homeostasis, activation and ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

Intravital Microscopy of the Inguinal Lymph Node

Lymph nodes (LN's), located throughout the body, are an integral component of the immune system. They serve as a site for induction of adaptive immune ...

Ex vivo Imaging of T Cells in Murine Lymph Node Slices with Widefield and Confocal Microscopes

Ex vivo Imaging of T Cells in Murine Lymph Node Slices with Widefield and Confocal Microscopes

Na&iuml;ve T cells continuously traffic to secondary lymphoid organs, including peripheral lymph nodes, to detect rare expressed antigens. The migration ...

Murine Superficial Lymph Node Surgery

In the field of immunology, to understand the progression of an immune response against a vaccine, an infection or a tumour, the response is often ...

Intravital Imaging of the Mouse Popliteal Lymph Node

Lymph nodes (LNs) are secondary lymphoid organs, which are strategically located throughout the body to allow for trapping and presentation of foreign ...

Isolation, Processing and Analysis of Murine Gingival Cells

We have developed a technique to precisely isolate and process murine gingival tissue for flow cytometry and molecular studies. The gingiva is a unique ...

Generation of Lymph Node-fat Pad Chimeras for the Study of Lymph Node Stromal Cell Origin

The stroma is a key component of the lymph node structure and function. However, little is known about its origin, exact cellular composition and the ...

Isolation, Identification, and Purification of Murine Thymic Epithelial Cells

The thymus is a vital organ for T lymphocyte development. Of thymic stromal cells, thymic epithelial cells (TECs) are particularly crucial at multiple ...

Myeloid Cell Isolation from Mouse Skin and Draining Lymph Node Following Intradermal Immunization with Live Attenuated Plasmodium Sporozoites

Myeloid Cell Isolation from Mouse Skin and Draining Lymph Node Following Intradermal Immunization with Live Attenuated Plasmodium Sporozoites

Malaria infection begins when the sporozoite stage of Plasmodium is inoculated into the skin of a mammalian host through a mosquito bite. The highly ...

Isolation and Activation of Murine Lymphocytes

B and T cells, with their extremely diverse antigen-receptor repertoires, have the ability to mount specific immune responses against almost any invading ...

Collection and Processing of Lymph Nodes from Large Animals for RNA Analysis: Preparing for Lymph Node Transcriptomic Studies of Large Animal Species

Large animals (both livestock and wildlife) serve as important reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens, including Brucella, Mycobacterium bovis, Salmonella, and ...