Name: assessment of social transmission of food preferences behaviors
Uploaded: 2018-01-25T14:00:00.000+00:00
Duration: 4 min 56 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Assessment of Social Transmission of Food Preferences Behaviors at JoVE.com

AVdJ に FWO ポスドク研究員プログラムによってサポートされている研究。著者は、テクニカル サポートのための低エネルギー電子顕微鏡・ ヴァン ・ Aerschot とイルゼ Bloemen を感謝したいです。

すべてのプロトコルがされているレビューしベルギー、ルーヴァン大学動物実験委員会の承認し、欧州共同体の理事会指令 (86/609/EEC) に従い実施されました。
1、設備、装置、および部屋のセットアップ。
<ol><li>3 つの部屋から成っているクローリーの 3 チャンバー ボックス23を準備 (19 × 45 cm、高さ 30 cm) 透明分割壁の各商工会議所への無料アクセスを許可します。</li>
	<li>(直径 3.8 cm、高さ 3.2 cm) 透明なプラスチックから作られて 2 つの食品カップを利用し、継ぎ手金属ランプから成る食品カップ ホルダー内に配置 (10 × 10 cm、高さ 7 cm)、食品カップをフィッティング センター ホール。</li>
	<li>マウスを保持するために十分に大きいワイヤー カップのようなコンテナーを使用 (直径 12 cm、高さ 10 cm)。中東商工会議所でのデモンストレーターに配置フェーズ 6。</li>
	<li>70% エタノールをマウスの嗅覚の痕跡を防ぎ、それを乾燥させるとそれぞれの裁判の後、装置をクリーニングします。 注: 行動テストできれば 9:00 と 18:00 装置および実験室の一般的な部屋の照明は 650 ルクスとのことです。レコードのマウスの操作ビデオ追跡ソフトウェア プログラムを使用します。</li>
</ol>2. 風味食品の準備:
<ol><li>ペレットの定期的な食品の食事を取る、セロリやパプリカの 2% を追加します。食べ物をよく混ぜ、さらに使用するため食品容器に入れてください。</li>
</ol>3. 動機づけ段階 (日 1-2)。
<ol><li>水に広告自由アクセスの 12 h 明暗サイクルと部屋で 2 日間連続の 1 h/日の定期的食事を受信、23 h 絶食スケジュールにすべての齧歯動物を置きます。8 ライトを照らします。 注: 元のプロトコルでプライミング フェーズでは、各デモンストレーターが提供されました、1 h の新しい味を含む食品。餌をやる時間、元の 1 h ではなく合計の 2 h を使用その 1 h の間に既に風味食品デモを行いました。</li>
	<li>デモンストレーター マウス使用同じ背景、年齢、性別、体重、件名の事前連絡 (ない同腹子) なしのマウス/マウスのオブザーバー。 注: 同じデモンストレーター マウスは、社会的伝達試験の間使用することがあります。</li>
</ol>4. 埋設クッキー テスト (3 日目)
<ol><li>STFP の手順を開始する前に埋められたクッキー テスト20を使用して被験者の嗅覚機能を評価します。きれいな個人住宅ケージのランダムなコーナーに表面の下にチョコレート チップ クッキー約 1 cm を埋めます。</li>
	<li>次に、ケージにオブザーバー マウスを置き、15 分のカットオフを持つ cookie を検索する遅延時間を記録します。クッキーを食べるマウスをてはいけないです。 注: この簡単なテストは嗅覚検出赤字を排除し、時間のかかる不要な STFP テストを防止できます。</li>
</ol>5. 慣れ相 (3 日目):
<ol><li>壁を下げることによって右と左のコンパートメントを分けます。</li>
	<li>3 商工会議所装置の各コーナーで食品ペレット (規則的な食糧食事) でいっぱい 2 つの食品容器を置きます。</li>
	<li>ゆっくりセンター室オブザーバー マウスを配置します。</li>
	<li>10 分間装置に慣らす件名マウスをしましょう。</li>
	<li>10 分後引き戸を開くし、10 分の全体の装置を自由に探索対象マウスを聞かせてください。 注: マウスは、このフェーズ中に食料を奪われたスケジュールに残しておきます。</li>
</ol>6. 社会的伝送フェーズ (4 日目):
<ol><li>壁を下げることによって右と左のコンパートメントを分けます。</li>
	<li>ワイヤー包含カップ内デモンストレーター マウスを入れてセンター室にそれを置きます。マウントのカメラに直面してワイヤーのカップのふた、デモンストレーターとキューされている食品の略語を書きます。</li>
	<li>優しく件名マウスを入れてセンター室と時間 (秒) と件名マウスと住宅 (5 cm のエリア内のデモンストレーター マウス封じ込めカップ間の接点の数を記録しながら、30 分間デモンストレーターを自由に探索してみよう周りカップ)。</li>
</ol>7. 食品嗜好テスト フェーズ:
<ol><li>各マウスの 2 つの食品ポットを準備します。各マウスの重さし、オブザーバーの ID と味とラベルします。</li>
	<li>壁の仕切りを削除し、キューまたは 3 チャンバー装置 (図 2) の各コーナーで、新規 (視線) 食品を含むいずれかの食事で満ちている 2 つの食品容器を置きます。</li>
	<li>優しく中間室に件名マウスを置き、時間 (秒) と件名マウスと両方食品カップ (カップ周辺 5 cm のエリア) 内の連絡先の数を記録しながら 120 分、アリーナ全体を自由に探索できます。</li>
	<li>嗜好を測定するには、残りの食糧 (g) の重量を量るします。</li>
	<li>流出が発生した場合すべての食品を食品カップに戻すし、食品カップの残りの食糧と共にそれの重量を量る。中東商工会議所内流出を無視する必要があります。</li>
</ol>8. 統計解析:
<ol><li>ビデオ追跡プログラムを使用してのアプローチの数を含むマウス動作を評価アプローチ第 6 期主題およびデモンストレーターのマウスとオブザーバー マウスは 7 段階両方食品カップと過ごした時間の間の期間。</li>
	<li>工夫と変えて食品の近接内で費やされた時間の割合と食べられる工夫と変えて食糧の割合を計算します。</li>
	<li>一方向の分散分析 (ANOVA) によって、データを分析します。</li>
</ol>

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著者が明らかに何もありません。

動物の行動レパートリーは、4 つの基本的な理由は、食料や水を検索、捕食者を避けて、社会的相互作用、および再生に広く追跡できます。行動パターンの実装と直接採用を促進する社会的なグループの 1 つの個人によって別の展示は鋳造された社会的伝達24。この種の動作は、(いくつかの) 個人によって開始された動作が可能性があります他の人にソーシャル ネットワー?...

嗅覚認識欠損は、正常な老化グループ1,2,3,4からアルツハイマー病 (AD) 患者を区別する臨床的マーカーとして提案されます。精神神経疾患の範囲はパーキンソン病5,6とメモリなど広告嗅覚認識の妨害によって特徴付けられます。いくつかの行動テストおよびプロトコルは、嗅覚認識を評価するために確立されているし、動物の差別モデル7。より良い診断と神経変性疾患の治療、トランスレーショナルリサーチの嗅覚の記憶のため検証して適切な動物モデルとテストを使用してが早まることがあります。したがって、もともと8 80 年代初頭に発明された食べ物好み (STFP) テストの社会的伝達は合わせられました。このタスクでは動物は彼らの同種他個体からの食品の安全性については、生得的な能力で評価されます。プロセスを含む食べ物の感覚特性の評価と動物はレビューと恩知らずできる必要があります選択拒否決定の基礎となる、さまざまな機能 (すなわち。、味・におい)。
STFP テストは、かなり単純な現象で構成されています: 以前食品を消費 'デモ' 素朴 'オブザーバー' 齧歯動物との相互作用後、観察者は通常この食品8,9のための大きい好みを示します,10. デモンストレーター露出 (食べたり、食品のまぶした) は観察者の好みを高めるに十分なその直接の主題 – を示したこの設定で必要な条件を分析します。しかし、全く臭いがするも、ものを食べる、好み11,12のこのタイプを誘導するために十分な。
STFP プロトコルでは、5 日間の 4 つの手順で構成されます。最初のステップは、新規の食品を食べさせる動物の意欲向上ので構成されます。これを行うには、すべての齧歯動物は、2 日間連続の 1 h/日の通常の食事を受け取った 23-h、- 絶食スケジュールに置かれます。小説風味 (ココアまたは元の実験でシナモンを混ぜての食事) を含む食品で各デモンストレーターはプライミング相、2 番目の手順では、1 h のため提供されます。3 番目のステップでは、社会的相互作用の段階では、各デモンストレーター 30 分件名オブザーバー齧歯動物の檻の中に配置されます。4 番目のステップは、社会的相互作用の後 24 h で各被験者は両方の風味を付けられた食事の選択を提供しています。オブザーバーの両方の食品摂取量と主題によって両方の食事の好みの割合を評価します。
海馬 subiculum の選択的神経病変がこのタスク13のパフォーマンスが低下するため表示されます。また、食べ物の好み14,15,16,17を防ぐためにマウスの海馬の機能に影響を与える突然変異が報告されています。重要なは、STFP のパフォーマンスでは、海馬の適切な機能に専ら依存しません。それはいくつかの薬理学的、遺伝的操作と海馬の横に他の脳構造が社会的誘起食事選択学習と記憶のさまざまな側面を媒介に役割を担うかもしれない病変研究で報告されました。例えば、斜めバンドまたは核によって破壊/質 innominata の内側中隔/垂直肢のコリン作動性ニューロンの取得と嗅覚の非空間社会のメモリを取得、さまざまな役割を持っているが示唆されました。18ををキューします。さらに、眼窩前頭皮質は臭気ガイド学習に関与しているし、全体の大脳新皮質のコリン作動性の枯渇の結果 STFP の赤字は、これらの脳部位が連想学習19のこのタイプのために不可欠であることを示します。
可能性のある交絡要因は悪臭の拡散やカップ以外の食べ物のドラッグなど、可能な限り避けた。装置および齧歯動物は匂いを嗅ぐことができます実際に、新規食品を食べて喜んでを評価するために、実際の STFP タスクが追加された前に補足テスト追加慣れステップ埋められたクッキーは20をテストします。また、自動ビデオ追跡を含む、によってテスト フェーズ中、食糧と同様、社会的な相互作用の間に両方のデモンストレーターを探索時間はまた測定することができます。各科目のパスの探索は、ビデオ追跡ソフトウェア装備コンピューターに接続されているカメラを使用して記録されます。そのため、各ゾーン、およびゾーンの訪問数の時刻など、探査のパフォーマンスのさまざまな側面を計算できます。これは、テスト段階で、元の STFP プロトコルのように消費される食糧の量以外にも動物の活動に関する詳細な情報を与えます。
AD モデルマウス、なた Tau22 モデルの前の実験で、9-10 ヶ月の年齢からこの STFP メモリの減損を選ぶことができる、これらは共同で海馬のシナプス可塑性とタウ病理の赤字発生が分かった、海馬16。Amyloidal 斑21処分後のアミロイド ・ カスケード仮説によると、病気の進行の後半タウ病理が発生するので仮説アミロイド トランスジェニック マウスにおける以前の時代に STFP 赤字を検出できること。したがって、STFP テストは 3 か月古いアプリ/PS1 マウス22広告の最も一般的な使用モデルで適用されました。社会的誘発食品の選択のこのタイプは、アプリ/PS1 マウスに損なわれること確かに見つかりました。これらのマウスでは、少なくともこの年齢で欠いていた一般的な嗅覚、運動、または社会的探査障害が重要です。最後に、人間およびマウス同様、嗅覚認識不全が広告の重要なの早期スクリーニング法かもしれない。初期の広告のこの信頼性の高い、安価で簡単なスクリーニングは治療研究の役に立つかもしれない。私たちの初期の広告より効果的に画面可能性がある場合、我々 は以前に病気プロセスに妨げます。

<table><tbody><tr><td>3-chamber apparatus</td><td>custom made</td><td></td><td>19 x 45 cm, height 30 cm</td></tr><tr><td>wire cages to hold mouse</td><td>custom made</td><td></td><td>diameter of 12 cm, height 10 cm</td></tr><tr><td>ramp to hold food cup</td><td>custom made</td><td></td><td>10 x 10 cm, height 7 cm</td></tr><tr><td>food cups</td><td>sunlessbody via ebay</td><td>http://www.ebay.com.au/itm/Plastic-Sample-Jars-Pots-Cups-Containers-with-Hinged-Lid-x-200-Small-25ml-/251708415240</td><td>diameter of 3.8 cm, height 3.2 cm</td></tr><tr><td>lux meter</td><td>Volcraft</td><td>BL-10 L 0 - 40000 lx</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>paprika herb</td><td>Delhaize</td><td>ID:716703</td><td>Gemalen paprika,| 40 g</td></tr><tr><td>celery herb</td><td>Delhaize</td><td>ID:716301</td><td>Selderzout, 57 g</td></tr><tr><td>vide-tracking software</td><td>Ethovision (Noldus)</td><td>http://www.noldus.com/animal-behavior-research/products/ethovision-xt</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>ANYmaze (Stoelting)</td><td>https://www.stoeltingco.com/any-maze-video-tracking-software-1218.html</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

assessment of social transmission of food preferences behaviors

嗅覚認識欠損が健康加齢グループから科目のアルツハイマー病 (AD) を区別する臨床的マーカーとして機能することが示唆されました。たとえば、広告の嗅覚障害は、病気の初期段階で新興国や病気の進行、悪化嗅覚認識の減損として提示できます。食品 (STFP) の設定タスクの社会の転送は、嗅覚の手がかりの伝達に依存して遠い食品に関する齧歯動物間のコミュニケーションの基本的なフォームに基づいています。健康の野生型マウス小説、以前、同種によってキューされた風味の食品を食べることを好むだろうし、この嗜好はアプリ/PS1 モデルなどのトランスジェニック AD マウスで妨げられるでしょう。確かに、生後 3 か月の C57Bl6/J マウスにおける工夫の食糧のための強い好みがわかった、これは 3 ヶ トランスジェニック アプリ/PS1 マウスで減少しました。要約すると、STFP タスクは AD の存在の潜在性検出アッセイに統合する強力なメジャーかもしれない。

図 1 aBに社会的探査段階の例を示します。このフェーズは、件名マウスだけ風味食品を消費デモンストレーターのマウスとの社会的探査の推定できます。元プロトコル マウスは互いを自由に探索する許されました。このペーパーで説明したプロトコル、デモンストレーター マウスは鼻とあの性器接触ワイヤー カップで含まれていた...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Assessment of Social Transmission of Food Preferences Behaviors at JoVE.com

Assessment of Social Transmission of Food Preferences Behaviors

マウスにおける食物選好度の社会的伝達の調査のためのプロトコルを提案する.この手順では、可能な限りアプリケーションの長所と例えば、広告マウス モデルで初期の変化を検出するに強調表示されます。最後に、重要な詳細に照らして結果を解釈、説明します。

食品の好み行動の社会的伝達の評価

Olfactory recognition deficits are suggested to be able to serve as clinical marker to differentiate Alzheimer&#39;s disease (AD) subjects from healthy ...

assessment-of-social-transmission-of-food-preferences-behaviors

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7.9K ビュー.  KU Leuven. マウスにおける食物選好度の社会的伝達の調査のためのプロトコルを提案する.この手順では、可能な限りアプリケーションの長所と例えば、広告マウス モデルで初期の変化を検出するに強調表示されます。最後に、重要な詳細に照らして結果を解釈、説明します。

ビデオ: Assessment of Social Transmission of Food Preferences Behaviors

Fat Preference: A Novel Model of Eating Behavior in Rats

Obesity is a growing problem in the United States of America, with more than a third of the population classified as obese. One factor contributing to this multifactorial disorder is the consumption of a high fat diet, a behavior that has been shown to increase both caloric intake and body fat content. However, the elements regulating preference for high fat food over other foods remain understudied.
To overcome this deficit, a model to quickly and easily test changes in the preference for dietary fat was developed. The Fat Preference model presents rats with a series of choices between foods with differing fat content. Like humans, rats have a natural bias toward consuming high fat food, making the rat model ideal for translational studies. Changes in preference can be ascribed to the effect of either genetic differences or pharmacological interventions. This model allows for the exploration of determinates of fat preference and screening pharmacotherapeutic agents that influence acquisition of obesity.

Dietary fat content influences both energy intake and body fat composition in mammals. By examining rats&#8217; preference for high fat food in a series of choice experiments, it is possible to test genetic differences and pharmacological interventions on their preference for high fat food.

脂肪嗜好：摂食行動の新規モデルラットにおける

Obesity is a growing problem in the United States of America, with more than a third of the population classified as obese. One factor contributing to ...

行動学

Assessment of Social Interaction Behaviors

Social interactions are a fundamental and adaptive component of the biology of numerous species. Social recognition is critical for the structure and stability of the networks and relationships that define societies. For animals, such as mice, recognition of conspecifics may be important for maintaining social hierarchy and for mate choice 1.
A variety of neuropsychiatric disorders are characterized by disruptions in social behavior and social recognition, including depression, autism spectrum disorders, bipolar disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorders, and schizophrenia. Studies of humans as well as animal models (e.g., Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus) have identified genes involved in the regulation of social behavior 2. To assess sociability in animal models, several behavioral tests have been developed (reviewed in 3). Integrative research using animal models and appropriate tests for social behavior may lead to the development of improved treatments for social psychopathologies.
The three-chamber paradigm test known as Crawley's sociability and preference for social novelty protocol has been successfully employed to study social affiliation and social memory in several inbred and mutant mouse lines (e.g. 4-7). The main principle of this test is based on the free choice by a subject mouse to spend time in any of three box's compartments during two experimental sessions, including indirect contact with one or two mice with which it is unfamiliar. To quantitate social tendencies of the experimental mouse, the main tasks are to measure a) the time spent with a novel conspecific and b) preference for a novel vs. a familiar conspecific. Thus, the experimental design of this test allows evaluation of two critical but distinguishable aspects of social behavior, such as social affiliation/motivation, as well as social memory and novelty. "Sociability" in this case is defined as propensity to spend time with another mouse, as compared to time spent alone in an identical but empty chamber 7. "Preference for social novelty" is defined as propensity to spend time with a previously unencountered mouse rather than with a familiar mouse 7. This test provides robust results, which then must be carefully analyzed, interpreted and supported/confirmed by alternative sociability tests. In addition to specific applications, Crawley's sociability test can be included as an important component of general behavioral screen of mutant mice.

Here we describe a detailed protocol for examination of sociability in mice by using Crawley's sociability and preference for social novelty test. We describe the advantages and possible applications for this procedure, including critical details important for correct interpretation of the results.

社会的インタラクション挙動の評価

Social interactions are a fundamental and adaptive component of the biology of numerous species. Social recognition is critical for the structure and ...

神経科学

A Treatment Package without Escape Extinction to Address Food Selectivity

Feeding difficulties and feeding disorders are a commonly occurring problem for young children, particularly children with developmental delays including autism. Behavior analytic interventions for the treatment of feeding difficulties oftentimes include escape extinction as a primary component of treatment. The use of escape extinction, while effective, may be problematic as it is also associated with the emergence of challenging behavior (e.g., extinction burst). Such challenging behavior may be an acceptable side effect in treatment cases where feeding problems are severe and chronic (e.g., failure to thrive). However, in more acute cases (e.g., selective eating), the negative side effect may be unwarranted and undesired. More recent research on the behavioral treatment of food selectivity has begun to evaluate treatments for feeding difficulties that do not include escape extinction (e.g., demand fading, behavioral momentum), with some success. However, research to date reveals individual differences in responsiveness to such treatments and no clear preferable treatment has emerged. This manuscript describes a multi-component treatment package that includes shaping, sequential presentation and simultaneous presentation, for the treatment of food selectivity in four young children with developmental delays. This treatment package extends the literature on the behavioral treatment for food selectivity and offers a multi-component treatment protocol that may be clinically applicable across a range of treatment scenarios and settings.

Feeding difficulties are a common problem for children with developmental disorders, including autism, and behavioral interventions often include escape extinction. Recent research has begun to evaluate treatments that do not include escape extinction. This manuscript describes a multicomponent treatment package that does not use escape extinction to treat feeding difficulties.

食品選択性に対処するためのエスケープ絶滅せずに治療パッケージ

Feeding difficulties and feeding disorders are a commonly occurring problem for young children, particularly children with developmental delays including ...

Hyponeophagia: A Measure of Anxiety in the Mouse

Before the present day, when fast-acting and potent rodenticides such as alpha-chloralose were not yet in use, the work of pest controllers was often hampered by a phenomenon known as "bait shyness". Mice and rats cannot vomit, due to the tightness of the cardiac sphincter of the stomach, so to overcome the problem of potential food toxicity they have evolved a strategy of first ingesting only very small amounts of novel substances. The amounts ingested then gradually increase until the animal has determined whether the substance is safe and nutritious. So the old rat-catchers would first put a palatable substance such as oatmeal, which was to be the vehicle for the toxin, in the infested area. Only when large amounts were being readily consumed would they then add the poison, in amounts calculated not to affect the taste of the vehicle. The poisoned bait, which the animals were now readily eating in large amounts, would then swiftly perform its function.
Bait shyness is now used in the behavioural laboratory as a way of measuring anxiety. A highly palatable but novel substance, such as sweet corn, nuts or sweetened condensed milk, is offered to the mice (or rats) in a novel situation, such as a new cage. The latency to consume a defined amount of the new food is then measured.
Robert M.J. Deacon can be reach at <a href="mailto:robert.deacon@psy.ox.ac.uk">robert.deacon@psy.ox.ac.uk</a>

Mice and rats, due to their innate cautiousness, are initially slow in consuming a novel food, particularly in a novel place. This hyponeophagia can readily be measured in the laboratory, even though laboratory animals are much less anxious than their wild counterparts

Hyponeophagia：マウス​​の​​不安の測定

Before the present day, when fast-acting and potent rodenticides such as alpha-chloralose were not yet in use, the work of pest controllers was often ...

Psychophysical Tracking Method to Measure Taste Preferences in Children and Adults

The Monell two-series, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method provides a reliable measure of sweet taste preferences from childhood to adulthood. The method, which is identical for children, adolescents, and adults, is of short duration (&#60; 15 min), does not rely on sustained attention or place demands on memory (which would yield spurious age differences), and minimizes the impact of language development, making this method amenable to the cognitive limitations of pediatric populations. In this whole-mouth tasting method, subjects are asked to taste (without swallowing) pairs of solutions of different sucrose concentrations and to point to the solution they prefer. Each subsequent pair contains the participant&#39;s preceding preferred concentration and an adjacent stimulus concentration. The procedure continues until the subject chooses either a given concentration of sucrose when paired with both a higher and a lower concentration, or the highest or lowest concentration two consecutive times. Subjects are prevented from reaching response criteria on the basis of first or second position bias by the two-series design of the method, which counterbalances the order of solution presentation within each pair between the series (the weaker concentration is presented first in Series 1, second in Series 2). The geometric mean of the two sucrose concentrations chosen in Series 1 and 2 is an estimate of the participant&#39;s most preferred level of sucrose. Sucrose preference as determined with this laboratory-based measure has been shown to be associated with preference for sugars in foods and beverages and with taste receptor genotype, family history of alcoholism, and race/ethnicity, as well as depressive symptomatology among pediatric populations. The method has real-world relevance and has been applied to determine most preferred level of other tastes (e.g., salt), making it a valuable psychophysical tool.

Sweet taste has powerful hedonic appeal among people of all ages, particularly children. Described herein is a reliable and valid method that can be used to determine the level of sweetness most preferred, making it a valuable psychophysical tool for scientists.

子どもと大人で味の環境を測定するために心理物理追跡方法

The Monell two-series, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method provides a reliable measure of sweet taste preferences from childhood to ...

A System for Tracking the Dynamics of Social Preference Behavior in Small Rodents

Exploring the neurobiological mechanisms of social behavior requires behavioral tests that can be applied to animal models in an unbiased and observer-independent manner. Since the beginning of the millennium, the three-chamber test has been widely used as a standard paradigm to evaluate sociability (social preference) and social novelty preference in small rodents. However, this test suffers from multiple limitations, including its dependence on spatial navigation and negligence of behavioral dynamics. Presented and validated here is a novel experimental system that offers an alternative to the three-chamber test, while also solving some of its caveats. The system requires a simple and affordable experimental apparatus and publicly available open-source analysis system, which automatically measures and analyzes multiple behavioral parameters at individual and population levels. It allows detailed analysis of the behavioral dynamics of small rodents during any social discrimination test. We demonstrate the efficiency of the system in analyzing the dynamics of social behavior during the social preference and social novelty preference tests as performed by adult male mice and rats. Moreover, we validate the ability of the system to reveal modified dynamics of social behavior in rodents following manipulations such as whisker trimming. Thus, the system allows for rigorous investigation of social behavior and dynamics in small rodent models and supports more accurate comparisons between strains, conditions, and treatments.

Described here is a novel automated experimental system that offers an alternative to the three-chamber test and also solves several caveats. This system supplies multiple behavioral parameters that enable rigorous analysis of small rodent behavioral dynamics during the social preference and social novelty preference tests.

小げっ歯類における社会的嗜好行動のダイナミクスを追跡するシステム

Exploring the neurobiological mechanisms of social behavior requires behavioral tests that can be applied to animal models in an unbiased and ...

Concept Development and Use of an Automated Food Intake and Eating Behavior Assessment Method

The vast majority of dietary and eating behavior assessment methods are based on self-reports. They are burdensome and also prone to measurement errors. Recent technological innovations allow for the development of more accurate and precise dietary and eating behavior assessment tools that require less effort for both the user and the researcher. Therefore, a new sensor-based device to assess food intake and eating behavior was developed. The device is a regular dining tray equipped with a video camera and three separate built-in weighing stations. The weighing stations measure the weight of the bowl, plate, and drinking cup continuously over the course of a meal. The video camera positioned to the face records eating behavior characteristics (chews, bites), which are analyzed using artificial intelligence (AI)-based automatic facial expression software. The tray weight and the video data are transported at real-time to a personal computer (PC) using a wireless receiver. The outcomes of interest, such as the amount eaten, eating rate and bite size, can be calculated by subtracting the data of these measures at the timepoints of interest. The information obtained by the current version of the tray can be used for research purposes, an upgraded version of the device would also facilitate the provision of more personalized advice on dietary intake and eating behavior. Contrary to the conventional dietary assessment methods, this dietary assessment device measures food intake directly within a meal and is not dependent on memory or the portion size estimation. Ultimately, this device is therefore suited for daily main meal food intake and eating behavior measures. In the future, this technology based dietary assessment method can be linked to health applications or smart watches to obtain a complete overview of exercise, energy intake, and eating behavior.

This protocol shows and explains a new technology-based dietary assessment method. The method consists of a dining tray with multiple built-in weighing scales and a video camera. The device is unique in the sense that it incorporates automated measures of food and drink intake and eating behavior over the course of a meal.

自動食品摂取と摂食行動評価方法のコンセプト開発と利用

The vast majority of dietary and eating behavior assessment methods are based on self-reports. They are burdensome and also prone to measurement errors. ...

A Rapid Food-Preference Assay in Drosophila

To select food with nutritional value while avoiding the consumption of harmful agents, animals need a sophisticated and robust taste system to evaluate their food environment. The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is a genetically tractable model organism that is widely used to decipher the molecular, cellular, and neural underpinnings of food preference. To analyze fly food preference, a robust feeding method is needed. Described here is a two-choice feeding assay, which is rigorous, cost-saving, and fast. The assay is Petri-dish-based and involves the addition of two different foods supplemented with blue or red dye to the two halves of the dish. Then, ~70 prestarved, 2-4-day-old flies are placed in the dish and&#160;allowed to choose between blue and red foods in the dark for about 90 min. Examination of the abdomen of each fly is followed by the calculation of the preference index. In contrast to multiwell plates, each Petri dish takes only ~20 s to fill and saves time and effort. This feeding assay can be employed to quickly determine whether flies like or dislike a particular food.

A Rapid Food-Preference Assay in Drosophila

We present a protocol for a two-choice feeding assay for flies. This feeding assay is fast and easy to run and is suitable not only for small-scale laboratory research, but also for high-throughput behavioral screens in flies.

ショウジョウバエにおける急速な食品嗜好アッセイ

To select food with nutritional value while avoiding the consumption of harmful agents, animals need a sophisticated and robust taste system to evaluate ...

Feeding Test: Assessment of Feeding Preferences in Drosophila melanogaster

Source: Bovier, T. F., et al. <a href="https://www.jove.com/video/59535/" target="_blank">Methods to Test Endocrine Disruption in Drosophila melanogaster</a>. J. Vis. Exp. (2019).
This video describes a feeding assay for fruit flies in which colored food is used to monitor feeding and the effect added compounds may have on feeding activity. The example protocol tests the effects of several endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC).

摂食試験:ショウジョウバエの摂食嗜好の評価

Source: Bovier, T. F., et al. Methods to Test Endocrine Disruption in Drosophila melanogaster. J. Vis. Exp. (2019).
This video describes a feeding assay ...

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Taste Preference Assay: A Method for Measuring Feeding Behavior in Drosophila

Source: Bantel, A. P. and Tessier, C. R. <a href="https://www.jove.com/video/54403/" target="_blank">Taste Preference Assay for Adult Drosophila</a>. J. Vis. Exp. (2016).
This video describes the taste preference assay, a behavioral method used to measure attraction or avoidance towards colored solutions that taste differently by assessing the fly&#39;s abdominal coloration after ingestion of the preferred substance. The featured protocol demonstrates the procedure used to measure flies&#39; preference towards solutions of varying sucrose concentrations.

Taste Preference Assay:ショウジョウバエの摂食行動を測定する方法

Source: Bantel, A. P. and Tessier, C. R. Taste Preference Assay for Adult Drosophila. J. Vis. Exp. (2016).
This video describes the taste preference ...

食品の好み行動の社会的伝達の評価

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脂肪嗜好：摂食行動の新規モデルラットにおける

社会的インタラクション挙動の評価

食品選択性に対処するためのエスケープ絶滅せずに治療パッケージ

Hyponeophagia：マウスの不安の測定

子どもと大人で味の環境を測定するために心理物理追跡方法

小げっ歯類における社会的嗜好行動のダイナミクスを追跡するシステム

自動食品摂取と摂食行動評価方法のコンセプト開発と利用

ショウジョウバエにおける急速な食品嗜好アッセイ

摂食試験:ショウジョウバエの摂食嗜好の評価

Taste Preference Assay:ショウジョウバエの摂食行動を測定する方法

食品の好み行動の社会的伝達の評価

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脂肪嗜好：摂食行動の新規モデルラットにおける

社会的インタラクション挙動の評価

食品選択性に対処するためのエスケープ絶滅せずに治療パッケージ

Hyponeophagia：マウス​​の​​不安の測定

子どもと大人で味の環境を測定するために心理物理追跡方法

小げっ歯類における社会的嗜好行動のダイナミクスを追跡するシステム

自動食品摂取と摂食行動評価方法のコンセプト開発と利用

ショウジョウバエにおける急速な食品嗜好アッセイ

摂食試験:ショウジョウバエの摂食嗜好の評価

Taste Preference Assay:ショウジョウバエの摂食行動を測定する方法

Hyponeophagia：マウスの不安の測定