Name: live cell imaging of primary rat neonatal cardiomyocytes following adenoviral and lentiviral transduction using confocal spinning disk microscopy
Uploaded: 2014-06-24T14:00:00.000+00:00
Duration: 13 min 36 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Live Cell Imaging of Primary Rat Neonatal Cardiomyocytes Following Adenoviral and Lentiviral Transduction Using Confocal Spinning Disk Microscopy at JoVE.com

We would like to thank Dr. Alengo Nyamay'antu and Dr. Ilse Timmerman for their advices about lentiviral packaging. This work is supported by an American Heart Association Scientist Development Grant 10SDG4170137.

<ol>
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The authors have nothing to disclose.

신생아 쥐에서 분리 된 주요 심근 긴 체외에서 심근의 기능을 연구하는 데 사용되었습니다. 이 프로토콜은 처음 4 ° C에서 트립신 O / N로 소화 한 후 정제 된 콜라게나, 두 단계의 효소 소화 방법을 사용하여 쥐의 새끼에서 신생아 심근의 분리하는 방법을 설명합니다. 정제 된 콜라겐 분해 공정을 이용하는 하나의 장점은 효소의 동일 등급 모두 아이솔레이션을 위해 사용된다는 점이다. 따라...

차 쥐 신생아 심근 긴 시험관 1에 심근 기능을 조사하는 데 사용되었다. 그들은 몇 가지 잘 설립 방법 2-4으로 쥐 새끼에서 분리하기 쉽다. 가장 일반적인 방법은 콜라게나 또는 이전의 세포 격리에 심장의 결합 조직을 소화 트립신을 사용합니다. 연구원은 또한 성인 설치류 5-8뿐만 아니라 신생아 마우스 9,10에서 심근 세포를 분리하는 방법을 개발했습니다. 이 프로토콜은 두 단계의 효소 분해 절차를 이용하는, 신생아 래트 새끼로부터 심근 세포를 분리하는 방법을 설명한다. 트립신은 처음 4 ° C에서 O / N을 사용하고, 37 ℃에서 다음 정제 된 콜라게나된다 4 ° C에서 트립신 O / N과 심장 조직의 배양은 따뜻한 효소 용액 2 연속 배양을 사용하는 방법에 비해 수확 세포에 필요한 단계를 줄일 수 있습니다. 또, 정제 된 CO를 이용하여llagenase 오히려 조 효소보다는, 로트 간 변동 따라서 향상된 재현성을 제공하고, 제거 할 수있다. 특정 단백질의 기능 연구는 종종 아데노 11-13 및 / 또는 14-16 렌티 바이러스를 이용하여 단백질 발현 시스템을 사용한다. [주의 메시지] 바이러스 생산 및 조작은 NIH의 지침에 따라 수행되어야한다. 아데노 바이러스는 숙주의 게놈에 통합되지 않습니다. 이는 분할 셀과 비 분할 세포를 포함하여 대부분의 세포 유형뿐만 아니라 일차 전지 및 확립 세포주에서의 형질 도입 매우 높은 효율을 갖는다. 이 아데노 바이러스 유전자 발현에 대한 신뢰할 수있는 벡터합니다. 아데노 바이러스 벡터에 의해 부호화 된 단백질의 높은 수준의 전달 다음 48 시간 내에 개발하고, 그들은 몇 주 동안 17 일을 지속 할 수있다. 그러나, 단백질 발현 아데노 바이러스를 사용하는 하나의 단점은 재조합 ADE의 개발novirus은 복잡하고 시간 소모적이다. 많은 연구자들은 재조합 유전자 발현에 lentiviruses에 의존 한 이유 단점은 부분적으로 설명합니다. 아데노 바이러스 구조와는 달리, 렌티 바이러스의 구조를 생성하는 것은 빠르고 쉽습니다. lentiviruses 전체적으로 모두 분할 및 비 - 분할 세포에서 아데노 바이러스 형질 도입의보다 낮은 효율을 가지고 있지만, 그들은 숙주 게놈에 통합 않는다. 결과적으로, 형질 도입 유전자의 발현은 아데노 바이러스에 비해 lentiviruses에 안정됩니다. 때문에, 현미경의 분야에서의 기술 진보로, 그것은 재조합 단백질을 발현하는 세포의 생균 이미지를 캡처하는 것이 훨씬 쉽다. 이도 취득 비디오 레이트 속도로 진정한 보유하고 있습니다. 이 조사는 관심의 단백질의 특정 변경이 기능적으로 실시간으로 세포에 영향을 미칠 방법을 결정 할 수 있습니다. 공 촛점 회전 디스크 현미경은 리브을위한 최적의 기술을 만드는 몇 가지 주요 기능을 가지고 있습니다전자 이미징 셀 (18, 19). 동시에 점 스캔 공 초점 현미경보다 훨씬 적은 레이저 파워를 이용하면서 요꼬 회전 디스크는, 훨씬 더 빠른 이미지 수집을 허용한다. 이러한 특징 모두는 레이저가 시료에 동시에 통과하는 다수의 구멍을 포함 촛점 스피닝 디스크에 기인한다. 획득 동안, 디스크 자체가 신속하고 지속적으로 18-20을 회전시킨다. 현미경의 자동 초점 시스템을 사용함으로써, 안정된 포커스는 장기간에 걸쳐 유지된다. 이 연구원은 잘 초점을 맞춘 라이브 셀 이미지를 촬영할 수 있습니다. 획득 된 영상을 동영상 파일로 재생됩니다. 이미지는 그러한 ImageJ에 21,22 피지 23, 또는 다른 상업적으로 이용 가능한 소프트웨어로 이미지 분석 소프트웨어를 사용하여 분석된다.

<table><tbody><tr><td>1 Scissors for decapitation</td><td>WPI</td><td>501749</td><td>Autoclave before use</td></tr><tr><td>1 Fine scissors for heart isolation and chopping</td><td>WPI</td><td>14393</td><td>Autoclave before use</td></tr><tr><td>2 Fine forceps (Dumont No. 5)</td><td>Sigma</td><td>F6521</td><td>Autoclave before use</td></tr><tr><td>3 Sterilized 10 cm plastic dishes</td><td>Sigma</td><td>CLS430165</td><td>For heart isolation</td></tr><tr><td>3.5 cm Glass bottom culture dishes</td><td>MatTek</td><td>P35G-1.5-20-C</td><td>For final plating of cardiomyocytes for future live cell imaging. Micro-Dishes from ibidi are an acceptable alternative.</td></tr><tr><td>3.5 cm Glass bottom culture dishes</td><td>MatTek</td><td>P35G-0.17-14-C</td><td>For TIRF or high resolution image</td></tr><tr><td>Ethanol solution, 70% (v/v) in water</td><td>Sigma</td><td>E7148</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2% Gelatin</td><td>Sigma</td><td>G1393</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1 Sterilized 10 cm plastic dish</td><td>Sigma</td><td>CLS430165</td><td>For trypsinization</td></tr><tr><td>Aluminium foil</td><td>Any brand</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Parafilm</td><td>Sigma</td><td>P7543</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Two 10 cm plastic cell culture dish</td><td>Sigma</td><td>CLS430165</td><td>For selection</td></tr><tr><td>Autopipette</td><td>Drummond Scientific</td><td>4-000-300</td><td>For trituration</td></tr><tr><td>Cell counter</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cellometer, automated cell counter</td><td>nexcelom</td><td></td><td>To check and count cells</td></tr><tr><td>Microscope and hematocytometer</td><td>Any brand</td><td></td><td>To check and count cells</td></tr><tr><td>Trypan blue solution, 0.4%</td><td>invitrogen</td><td>15250-061</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; incubator</td><td>Sanyo</td><td>MCO-19AIC</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Incubating orbital shaker</td><td>Sigma</td><td>Z673129</td><td>To shake heart tissue with collagenase at 37 &amp;deg;C at 170-200 rpm</td></tr><tr><td>10 mg/ml BrdU solution</td><td>BD Pharmingen</td><td>550891</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>DMEM, high glucose</td><td>invitrogen</td><td>41965039</td><td>Mix medium as indicated in the protocol and warm before use</td></tr><tr><td>MEM</td><td>invitrogen</td><td>31095029</td><td>Mix medium as indicated in the protocol and warm before use</td></tr><tr><td>Fetal bovine serum</td><td>invitrogen</td><td>26140079</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Penicillin-streptomycin (10,000 U/ml)&amp;nbsp;</td><td>invitrogen</td><td>15140-122</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Section 2 Lentiviral transduction</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3 Packaging plasmids</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>pMDLg/pRRE</td><td>Addgene</td><td>12251</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>pRSV-Rev</td><td>Addgene</td><td>12253</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>pMD2.G</td><td>Addgene</td><td>12259</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>The lentiviral transfer vector, pLVX-IRES-Puro</td><td>Clontech</td><td>632183</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Opti-MEM (serum-free medium)</td><td>invitrogen</td><td>31985070</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Transfection reagent</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>polyethyleneimine&amp;ldquo;Max&amp;rdquo;, (MW 40,000) - High Potency Linear PEI (Equivalent to Mw 25,000 in Free Base Form)&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Polysciences</td><td>24765-2</td><td>It can be substituted with X-tremeGENE 9 from Roche</td></tr><tr><td>X-tremeGENE 9</td><td>Roche</td><td>6365779001</td><td>substitute for PEI as transfection reagent</td></tr><tr><td>Chloroquine</td><td>Sigma</td><td>C6628</td><td>Dissolve in water and make 100 mM stock solution. Inhibition of endosomal acidification can be achieved with 10-100 &amp;mu;M Chloroquine.</td></tr><tr><td>HEPES</td><td>Sigma</td><td>H3375</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>10 ml Luer-Lok syringe, sterilized</td><td>BD</td><td>309604</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>0.45 &amp;mu;m filters</td><td>Sigma</td><td>F8677</td><td>Use only cellulose acetate or polyethersulfone (PES) (low protein binding) filters. Do not use nitrocellulose filters. Nitrocellulose binds surface proteins on the lentiviral envelope and destroys the virus.</td></tr><tr><td>Hexadimethrine bromide</td><td>Sigma</td><td>H9268</td><td>Dissolve in water and make 8 mg/ml stock solution, then filter it to sterilize.</td></tr><tr><td>Polyethylene glycol 6,000</td><td>Sigma</td><td>81260</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sodium chloride</td><td>Sigma</td><td>S9888</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sodium hydroxide</td><td>Sigma</td><td>S5881</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Section 3 Adenoviral transduction</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>HEK 293T cells</td><td>ATCC</td><td>CRL-11268</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Some 10 cm cell culture dishes</td><td>Sigma</td><td>CLS430165</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>96-Well microplate with lid, flat-bottom, tissue culture, sterile</td><td>BD Falcon</td><td>353072</td><td>For titration</td></tr><tr><td>Multichannel pipette, 10-100 &amp;mu;l, 8-channel</td><td>eppendorf</td><td>3122 000.035</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Section 4 Live cell imaging</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Spinning disk confocal microspopy</td><td>PerkinElmer</td><td>L7267000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>A temperature-controlled chamber</td><td>Any brand</td><td></td><td>To keep temperature at 37 &amp;deg;C</td></tr><tr><td>A CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; environmental system</td><td>Any brand</td><td></td><td>Optional to maintain CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentration optimal</td></tr><tr><td>CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Independent medium, no glutamine</td><td>invitrogen</td><td>18045-054&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</td><td>For long time time-lapse imaging</td></tr><tr><td>DMEM, high glucose, HEPES, no phenol red</td><td>invitrogen</td><td>21063-029</td><td>For long time time-lapse imaging</td></tr></tbody></table>

live cell imaging of primary rat neonatal cardiomyocytes following adenoviral and lentiviral transduction using confocal spinning disk microscopy

그들은 쉽게 하나의 절차에 많은 수에서 고립 될 수 있기 때문에 기본 쥐 신생아 심근 세포는 체외 심장 혈관 연구의 기본에 유용합니다. 인해 현미경 기술의 발전으로는 세포에 대하여 최소한의 광독성 우려 실시간으로 세포 사건을 조사하는 목적으로 생균 이미지를 캡처하는 비교적 용이하다. 이 프로토콜은 세포의 특성을 조절하는 렌티 바이러스 및 아데노 바이러스 전달 다음 공 촛점 회전 디스크 현미경을 사용하여 기본 쥐 신생아 심근 세포 라이브 인터벌 영상을 촬영하는 방법에 대해 설명합니다. 바이러스의 2 종류의 애플리케이션이 쉽게 두 개의 다른 유전자에 대한 적절한 전달 속도 및 발현 수준을 달성 할 수있다. 잘 집중 생균 이미지는 오랜 기간 동안 안정을 유지 초점 현미경의 자동 초점 시스템을 사용하여 얻을 수있다. 이 방법을 적용, 외생 적 엔지니어의 기능일차 배양 된 세포에서 발현 에드 단백질은 분석 될 수있다. 또한,이 시스템은 siRNA를 사용을 통해뿐만 아니라 화학 조절제의 유전자의 기능을 검사하는 데 사용될 수있다.

기술, 렌티 바이러스 부호화 EGFP (강화 된 녹색 형광 단백질) 태그 Cx43 (connexin43에) 또는 세포에서 EGFP-태그 된 단백질을 표현하는 데 사용 된 돌연변이 Cx43 (32), 및 아데노 인코딩 FGFR1DN (섬유 아세포 성장 인자 수용체 1 우성 네거티브를 설명하기 위해 ) 세포 33-35에서 FGF 신호를 종료하는 데 사용되었다. 심근 세포의 분리는 다음과 같은 세 가지 일, 절연은 심근 세포에서 EGFP-태그 된 ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Live Cell Imaging of Primary Rat Neonatal Cardiomyocytes Following Adenoviral and Lentiviral Transduction Using Confocal Spinning Disk Microscopy at JoVE.com

Live Cell Imaging of Primary Rat Neonatal Cardiomyocytes Following Adenoviral and Lentiviral Transduction Using Confocal Spinning Disk Microscopy

This protocol describes a method of live cell imaging using primary rat neonatal cardiomyocytes following lentiviral and adenoviral transduction using confocal spinning disk microscopy. This enables detailed observations of cellular processes in living cardiomyocytes.

차 쥐 신생아 심근 라이브 셀 이미징은 아데노 바이러스 다음과 렌티 바이러스 형질 도입은 공 초점 현미경 디스크를 회전시키는 사용

Primary rat neonatal cardiomyocytes are useful in basic in vitro cardiovascular research because they can be easily isolated in large numbers in a single ...

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Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

13.5K 조회수.  Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Biomedicine and Institute of Cell Biology. This protocol describes a method of live cell imaging using primary rat neonatal cardiomyocytes following lentiviral and adenoviral transduction using confocal spinning disk microscopy. This enables detailed observations of cellular processes in living cardiomyocytes.

비디오: Live Cell Imaging of Primary Rat Neonatal Cardiomyocytes Following Adenoviral and Lentiviral Transduction Using Confocal Spinning Disk Microscopy

Isolation and Cryopreservation of Neonatal Rat Cardiomyocytes

Cell culture has become increasingly important in cardiac research, but due to the limited proliferation of cardiomyocytes, culturing cardiomyocytes is difficult and time consuming. The most commonly used cells are neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs), which require isolation every time cells are needed. The birth of the rats can be unpredictable. Cryopreservation is proposed to allow for cells to be stored until needed, yet freezing/thawing methods for primary cardiomyocytes are challenging due to the sensitivity of the cells. Using the proper cryoprotectant, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), cryopreservation was achieved. By slowly extracting the DMSO while thawing the cells, cultures were obtained with viable NRCMs. NRCM phenotype was verified using immunocytochemistry staining for &#945;-sarcomeric actinin. In addition, cells also showed spontaneous contraction after several days in culture. Cell viability after thawing was acceptable at 40-60%. In spite of this, the methods outlined allow one to easily cryopreserve and thaw NRCMs. This gives researchers a greater amount of flexibility in planning experiments as well as reducing the use of animals.

The isolation of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes is a time consuming and unpredictable procedure. This study describes methods for cryopreservation and thawing of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes that allows for more efficient use of cells. The thawed NRCMs can be used for various experiments without the need for performing isolations each time.

분리 및 신생아 쥐 심근 세포의 냉동 보존

Cell culture has become increasingly important in cardiac research, but due to the limited proliferation of cardiomyocytes, culturing cardiomyocytes is ...

연구

발생학

Visualization of Cell Cycle Variations and Determination of Nucleation in Postnatal Cardiomyocytes

Cardiomyocytes are prone to variations of the cell cycle, such as endoreduplication (continuing rounds of DNA synthesis without karyokinesis and cytokinesis) and acytokinetic mitosis (karyokinesis but no cytokinesis). Such atypical cell cycle variations result in polyploid and multinucleated cells rather than in cell division. Therefore, to determine cardiac turnover and regeneration, it is of crucial importance to correctly identify cardiomyocyte nuclei, the number of nuclei per cell, and their cell cycle status. This is especially true for the use of nuclear markers for identifying cell cycle activity, such as thymidine analogues Ki-67, PCNA, or pHH3. Here, we present methods for recognizing cardiomyocytes and their nuclearity and for determining their cell cycle activity. We use two published transgenic systems: the Myh6-H2B-mCh transgenic mouse line, for the unequivocal identification of cardiomyocyte nuclei, and the CAG-eGFP-anillin mouse line, for distinguishing cell division from cell cycle variations. Combined together, these two systems ease the study of cardiac regeneration and plasticity.

To distinguish cell division from cell cycle variations in cardiomyocytes, we present protocols using two transgenic mouse lines: Myh6-H2B-mCh transgenic mice, for the unequivocal identification of cardiomyocyte nuclei, and CAG-eGFP-anillin mice, for distinguishing cell division from cell cycle variations.

출생 후 심근 세포의 세포주기 변화의 시각화 및 핵의 결정

Cardiomyocytes are prone to variations of the cell cycle, such as endoreduplication (continuing rounds of DNA synthesis without karyokinesis and ...

Ex vivo Live Imaging of Single Cell Divisions in Mouse Neuroepithelium

We developed a system that integrates live imaging of fluorescent markers and culturing slices of embryonic mouse neuroepithelium. We took advantage of existing mouse lines for genetic cell lineage tracing: a tamoxifen-inducible Cre line and a Cre reporter line expressing dsRed upon Cre-mediated recombination. By using a relatively low level of tamoxifen, we were able to induce recombination in a small number of cells, permitting us to follow individual cell divisions. Additionally, we observed the transcriptional response to Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling using an Olig2-eGFP transgenic line 1-3 and we monitored formation of cilia by infecting the cultured slice with virus expressing the cilia marker, Sstr3-GFP 4. In order to image the neuroepithelium, we harvested embryos at E8.5, isolated the neural tube, mounted the neural slice in proper culturing conditions into the imaging chamber and performed time-lapse confocal imaging. Our ex vivo live imaging method enables us to trace single cell divisions to assess the relative timing of primary cilia formation and Shh response in a physiologically relevant manner. This method can be easily adapted using distinct fluorescent markers and provides the field the tools with which to monitor cell behavior in situ and in real time.

Ex vivo Live Imaging of Single Cell Divisions in Mouse Neuroepithelium

Here we develop the tools necessary for ex vivo live imaging to trace single cell divisions in the mouse E8.5 neuroepithelium

생체 마우스 Neuroepithelium에서 단일 세포 분열의 라이브 영상

We developed a system that integrates live imaging of fluorescent markers and culturing slices of embryonic mouse neuroepithelium. We took advantage of ...

신경과학

Isolation and Genetic Manipulation of Adult Cardiac Myocytes for Confocal Imaging

Cardiac myocytes isolated from adult hearts are widely accepted as a model somewhere half way between embryonic and neonatal muscle cells on one side and a working heart on the other. Thus, cardiomyocytes serve as good models for cardiac cellular physiology and pathophysiology, for pharmaceutical investigations as well as for the exploration of transgenic animal models. Here we describe a method of isolating the cells from the heart. Furthermore we show how a genetic manipulation on cardiac myocytes can be performed without breeding a transgenic animal: This is the combination of long term culture (1 week) and adenoviral gene transfer. The latter one is described from the construction of the virus to the transduction of the cells. It can be used for the expression of genetically encoded biosensors (GEBs), fluorescent fusion proteins, but also for protein over expression and down regulation, e.g. using RNAi. Here we provide an example for the expression of a fusion protein staining a subcellular structure (Golgi). Such protein expression can be visualized by confocal imaging of z-stacks for a 3D-reconstruction of subcellular structures. The protocol comprises state-of-the-art in cell culture, molecular biology and biophysics and thus provides an approach for exploring new horizons in cellular cardiology.

Adult cardiac myocytes are primary cells that can be isolated from animal hearts and cultured for several days. Within this culture period adenoviral gene transfer can be used to express genetically encoded biosensors (GEBs) or fluorescent fusion proteins. Both approaches allow cellular investigations by means of confocal microscopy.

공촛점 이미징에 대한 분리 및 성인 심장 Myocytes의 유전자 조작

Cardiac myocytes isolated from adult hearts are widely accepted as a model somewhere half way between embryonic and neonatal muscle cells on one side and ...

생물학

Ultrasound-guided Transthoracic Intramyocardial Injection in Mice

Murine models of cardiovascular disease are important for investigating pathophysiological mechanisms and exploring potential regenerative therapies. Experiments involving myocardial injection are currently performed by direct surgical access through a thoracotomy. While convenient when performed at the time of another experimental manipulation such as coronary artery ligation, the need for an invasive procedure for intramyocardial delivery limits potential experimental designs. With ever improving ultrasound resolution and advanced noninvasive imaging modalities, it is now feasible to routinely perform ultrasound-guided, percutaneous intramyocardial injection. This modality efficiently and reliably delivers agents to a targeted region of myocardium. Advantages of this technique include the avoidance of surgical morbidity, the facility to target regions of myocardium selectively under ultrasound guidance, and the opportunity to deliver injectate to the myocardium at multiple, predetermined time intervals. With practiced technique, complications from intramyocardial injection are rare, and mice quickly return to normal activity on recovery from anesthetic. Following the steps outlined in this protocol, the operator with basic echocardiography experience can quickly become competent in this versatile, minimally invasive technique.

Echocardiography-guided percutaneous intramyocardial injection represents an efficient, reliable, and targetable modality for the delivery of gene transfer agents or cells into the murine heart. Following the steps outlined in this protocol, the operator can quickly become competent in this versatile, minimally invasive technique.

마우스의 초음파 유도 경 흉부 심근 내 주입

Murine models of cardiovascular disease are important for investigating pathophysiological mechanisms and exploring potential regenerative therapies. ...

의학

Isolation and Culture of Neonatal Mouse Cardiomyocytes

Cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes have long been used to study myofibrillogenesis and myofibrillar functions. Cultured cardiomyocytes allow for easy investigation and manipulation of biochemical pathways, and their effect on the biomechanical properties of spontaneously beating cardiomyocytes.	
The following 2-day protocol describes the isolation and culture of neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes. We show how to easily dissect hearts from neonates, dissociate the cardiac tissue and enrich cardiomyocytes from the cardiac cell-population. We discuss the usage of different enzyme mixes for cell-dissociation, and their effects on cell-viability. The isolated cardiomyocytes can be subsequently used for a variety of morphological, electrophysiological, biochemical, cell-biological or biomechanical assays. We optimized the protocol for robustness and reproducibility, by using only commercially available solutions and enzyme mixes that show little lot-to-lot variability. We also address common problems associated with the isolation and culture of cardiomyocytes, and offer a variety of options for the optimization of isolation and culture conditions.

Primary mouse cardiomyocyte cultures are one of the pivotal tools for the investigation of myofibrillar organization and function. The following protocol describes the isolation and culture of primary cardiomyocytes from neonatal mouse hearts. The resulting cardiomyocyte cultures may be subsequently used for a variety of biomechanical, biochemical and cell-biological assays.

분리 및 문화 신생아 마우스 심근

Cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes have long been used to study  myofibrillogenesis and myofibrillar functions. Cultured cardiomyocytes allow  for easy ...

조직 손상을 줄이기 위한 새로운 최소 침습 느린 주입 방법

A Novel Cell Injection Method with Minimum Invasion

Directly injecting cells into tissues is a necessary process in cell administration and/or replacement therapy. The cell injection requires a sufficient amount of suspension solution to allow the cells to enter the tissue. The volume of the suspension solution affects the tissue, and this can cause major invasive injury as a result of the cell injection. This paper reports on a novel cell injection method, called slow injection, that aims to avoid this injury. However, pushing out the cells from the needle tip requires a sufficiently high injection speed according to Newton's law of shear force. To solve the above contradiction, a non-Newtonian fluid, such as gelatin solution, was used as the cell suspension solution in this work. Gelatins solution have temperature sensitivity, as their form changes from gel to sol at approximately 20 &#176;C. Therefore, to maintain the cell suspension solution in the gel form, the syringe was kept cooled in this protocol; however, once the solution was injected into the body, the body temperature converted it to a sol. The interstitial tissue fluid flow can absorb excess solution. In this work, the slow injection technique allowed cardiomyocyte balls to enter the host myocardium and engraft without surrounding fibrosis. This study employed a slow injection method to inject purified and ball-formed neonatal rat cardiomyocytes into a remote area of myocardial infarction in the adult rat heart. At 2 months following the injection, the hearts of the transplanted groups showed significantly improved contractile function. Furthermore, histological analyses of the slow-injected hearts revealed seamless connections between the host and graft cardiomyocytes via intercalated disks containing gap junction connections. This method could contribute to next-generation cell therapies, particularly in cardiac regenerative medicine.

저자 스포트라이트: 최소 침습을 위한 새로운 세포 주입 방법  

This method eliminates any major invasion during cell injections caused by the cell suspension solution.

침습을 최소화하는 새로운 세포 주입 방법

Directly injecting cells into tissues is a necessary process in cell administration and/or replacement therapy. The cell injection requires a sufficient ...

생체공학

Time-Lapse Imaging of Neuronal Arborization using Sparse Adeno-Associated Virus Labeling of Genetically Targeted Retinal Cell Populations

Discovering mechanisms that pattern dendritic arbors requires methods to visualize, image, and analyze dendrites during development. The mouse retina is a powerful model system for the investigation of cell type-specific mechanisms of neuronal morphogenesis and connectivity. The organization and composition of retinal subtypes are well-defined, and genetic tools are available to access specific types during development. Many retinal cell types also constrain their dendrites and/or axons to narrow layers, which facilitates time-lapse imaging. Mouse retina explant cultures are well suited for live-cell imaging using confocal or multiphoton microscopy, but methods optimized for imaging dendrite dynamics with temporal and structural resolution are lacking. Presented here is a method to sparsely label and image the development of specific retinal populations marked by the Cre-Lox system. Commercially available adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) used here expressed membrane-targeted fluorescent proteins in a Cre-dependent manner. Intraocular delivery of AAVs in neonatal mice produces fluorescent labeling of targeted cell types by 4-5 days post-injection (dpi). The membrane fluorescent signals are detectable by confocal imaging and resolve fine branch structures and dynamics. High-quality videos spanning 2-4 h are acquired from imaging retinal flat-mounts perfused with oxygenated artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF). Also provided is an image postprocessing pipeline for deconvolution and three-dimensional (3D) drift correction. This protocol can be used to capture several cellular behaviors in the intact retina and to identify novel factors controlling neurite morphogenesis. Many developmental strategies learned in the retina will be relevant for understanding the formation of neural circuits elsewhere in the central nervous system.

Here, we present a method for investigating neurite morphogenesis in postnatal mouse retinal explants by time-lapse confocal microscopy. We describe an approach for sparse labeling and acquisition of retinal cell types and their fine processes using recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors that express membrane-targeted fluorescent proteins in a Cre-dependent manner.

유전자 표적화된 망막 세포 집단의 희소 아데노-연관 바이러스 표지를 이용한 뉴런 수목화의 타임랩스 이미징

Discovering mechanisms that pattern dendritic arbors requires methods to visualize, image, and analyze dendrites during development. The mouse retina is a ...

차 쥐 신생아 심근 라이브 셀 이미징은 아데노 바이러스 다음과 렌티 바이러스 형질 도입은 공 초점 현미경 디스크를 회전시키는 사용

요약

더 많은 비디오 탐색

이 비디오의 챕터

분리 및 신생아 쥐 심근 세포의 냉동 보존

출생 후 심근 세포의 세포주기 변화의 시각화 및 핵의 결정

생체 마우스 Neuroepithelium에서 단일 세포 분열의 라이브 영상

공촛점 이미징에 대한 분리 및 성인 심장 Myocytes의 유전자 조작

마우스의 초음파 유도 경 흉부 심근 내 주입

분리 및 문화 신생아 마우스 심근

침습을 최소화하는 새로운 세포 주입 방법

침습을 최소화하는 새로운 세포 주입 방법

침습을 최소화하는 새로운 세포 주입 방법

유전자 표적화된 망막 세포 집단의 희소 아데노-연관 바이러스 표지를 이용한 뉴런 수목화의 타임랩스 이미징