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Abstract

Environment

A Standardized Procedure for Monitoring Harmful Algal Blooms in Chile by Metabarcoding Analysis

Published: August 26th, 2021

DOI:

10.3791/62967

1Office of Research and Academia-Government-Community Collaboration, Hiroshima University, 2Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, 3Scientific and Biotechnological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, 4Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas, Instituto de Fomento Pesquero, 5Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Biologicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, 6Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Biodiversidad, Universidad de Los Lagos, 7Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Fisheries Resources Institute

Abstract

Harmful algae blooms (HABs) monitoring has been implemented worldwide, and Chile, a country famous for its fisheries and aquaculture, has intensively used microscopic and toxin analyses for decades for this purpose. Molecular biological methods, such as high-throughput DNA sequencing and bacterial assemblage-based approaches, are just beginning to be introduced in Chilean HAB monitoring, and the procedures have not yet been standardized. Here, 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA metabarcoding analyses for monitoring Chilean HABs are introduced stepwise. According to a recent hypothesis, algal-bacterial mutualistic association plays a critical synergetic or antagonistic relationship accounting for bloom initiation, maintenance, and regression. Thus, monitoring HAB from algal-bacterial perspectives may provide a broader understanding of HAB mechanisms and the basis for early warning. Metabarcoding analysis is one of the best suited molecular-based tools for this purpose because it can detect massive algal-bacterial taxonomic information in a sample. The visual procedures of sampling to metabarcoding analysis herein provide specific instructions, aiming to reduce errors and collection of reliable data.

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Keywords Harmful Algal Blooms

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