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本方案描述了使用 DNA 条形码技术来鉴定植物性药材和药用植物 Angelica sinensis (Oliv.)Diels 被确定为一个例子。
药用植物是全球的宝贵资源,在世界范围内用于维持健康和治疗疾病;然而,掺假的存在阻碍了它们的发展。DNA 条形码是一种通过标准 DNA 区域进行物种鉴定的技术,有助于快速准确地鉴定传统药用植物。DNA 条形码的过程包括六个基本步骤:1) 处理药用植物,2) 使用离心柱法从药用植物中提取高质量的总 DNA,3) 用植物的通用引物扩增靶 DNA 区域内部转录间隔 2 (ITS2) 并进行 Sanger 测序,4) 剪接和比对序列以获得靶序列, 5) 将条形码序列与条形码库匹配以进行鉴定,6) 对齐序列,比较种内和种间变异,构建系统发育邻接树。如结果所示,通用引物可以扩增目标区域。基本局部对齐搜索工具 (BLAST) 显示鉴定的百分比为 100%,邻域连接树表明剪接序列与 A. sinensis OR879715.1 分支聚集,分支支持值为 100。该方案为应用 DNA 条形码技术作为鉴定药用植物和掺杂物的有效方法提供了参考。
药用植物具有广泛的药理作用,是治疗和预防疾病的重要物质。草药和医药产品中药用植物的市场需求巨大,并且仍在增长。随着药用植物市场的不断壮大,掺假问题阻碍了药用植物的发展。目前,药用植物掺假的原因如下: 1) 药用植物的相似形态使其难以识别和正确使用它们 1,2,3,4,5, 2) 对药用植物的需求不断增加,导致市场供应不足 6,7,3) 药用植物价格昂贵且价格波动,使用廉价草药而不是具有经济价值的材料导致掺假和市场暴利 8,9。为了解决正确识别和使用药用植物的问题,需要一种技术,使非专业人士也能识别来源10。
仅凭外观和气味正确识别和使用药用植物是有局限性的 11....
1. 样品制备
2 从样品中提取 DNA
注:本研究使用基于 CTAB 方法的植物基因组 DNA 提取试剂盒。DNA 提取按照说明手册进行,并进行了一些修改,包括添加独特的核分离缓冲液 (NIB)。该方案首先从组织中分离污染物,然后添加初始细胞....
样品 DNA 质量
OD 260 / OD 280吸光度比的范围为1.80-1.84。用分光光度计测量的每个样品的 DNA 量大于 100 ng/μL(表 3),表明样品 DNA 提取质量良好。这表明样品在提取过程中没有被蛋白质、RNA 或试剂污染,并且质量好,适合用于下游 PCR 扩增。
PCR 分析
对 3 个平行实验样品的 .......
分子鉴定技术比传统的鉴定方法更容易学习和掌握。它克服了传统药草鉴定的局限性,因为它不受植物生长阶段的影响,也不依赖于主观判断或专业知识的积累35。由于其相似的形态和药用部分,其他物种与 A. sinensis 混淆,但通过使用 DNA 条形码,可以明确识别它 36。
该协议中的关键步骤涉及几个关键考虑?.......
作者声明,该研究是在没有任何可能被解释为潜在利益冲突的商业或财务关系的情况下进行的。
这项工作得到了成都中医药大学 (030040015) 引进人才科研启动资金资助项目的支持。
....Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
CTAB Rapid Plant Genomic DNA Extraction Kit | Shanghai Huiling Biotechnology Co. | NG411M | Suitable for rapid extraction of high quality genomic DNA from different tissues of a wide range of plants |
DL5000 DNA Marker | Nanjing vazyme Bio-technology Co. | MD102-02 | Ready-to-use product, take an appropriate amount of this product directly for electrophoresis when running the gel. |
Electrophoresis | Beijing Liuyi Biotechnology Co. | DYY-6C | Adopt touch screen design, can display set voltage, set current at the same time, parallel output |
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid | BeijingpsaitongBiotechnologyCo.,Ltd | E70015-100G | Nuclear Isolation Buffer formulation reagents. |
Goldview Nucleic Acid Gel Stain(10,000×) | Yisheng Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd | 10201ES03 | When using agarose gel electrophoresis to detect DNA, it binds to DNA and produces a strong fluorescent signal. |
High-Speed Tabletop Centrifuge | Changsha High-tech Industrial Development Zone Xiangyi Centrifuge Instrument Co. | H1650 | For fast and efficient separation of samples, this compact and lightweight centrifuge offers reliable safety |
High-Throughput Tissue Grinder | Shanghai Jingxin Industrial Development Co. | Tiss-48 | A high-frequency vibration instrument for grinding samples |
http://www.gpgenome.com/ | Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences | - | HerbGenomics database includes genome sequences, gene sets, organelle genomes, low coverage genome data and DNA barcode sequences. |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ | U.S. National Library of Medicine | - | The National Center for Biotechnology Information advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information. |
Kylin-Bell | Haimen Qilinbel Instrument Manufacturing Co. | VORTEX-5 | Rapid mixing in the form of a high-speed vortex, mixing speed, uniformity, thoroughness |
LifeTouch | Hangzhou BORI Technology Co. | TC-96/G/H(b)B | Adoption of advanced thermoelectric refrigeration technology and newly created TAS technology to enhance its overall performance |
Multi-functional Gel Image Analysis System | Southwest Operation Center of Shanghai Tianneng Life Science Co. | Tanon-Mini Space 2000 | Performs rapid gene amplification experiments with a gradient function for mapping amplification conditions and a gradient temperature range of up to 30°C |
NaCl | Beijing Solarbio Science&Technology Co.,Ltd. | S8210-100 | Nuclear Isolation Buffer formulation reagents. |
Nanodrop One | Genes Ltd. | ND ONE | Quantify DNA, RNA and protein samples in seconds with just 1-2 µL of sample |
Polyvinyl pyrrolidone | Shanghai yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd | S30268-500g | Nuclear Isolation Buffer formulation reagents. |
Snowflake Ice Maker | Shanghai Zhixin Experimental Instrument Technology Co. | ZX-60X | Adopting rotary extrusion ice making method, fast ice making speed and high efficiency of ice production |
Stainless Steel Beads for Tissue Homogenizer | Beyotime Biotechnology. | F6623 | Equipment for grinding and mixing of tissue and other samples by vibration |
Tris Acetate-EDTA buffer | Beyotime Biotech Inc | ST716 | TAE is a commonly used buffer for DNA electrophoresis, frequently employed in agarose gel electrophoresis. |
Tris-HCl | Beijing Solarbio Science&Technology Co.,Ltd. | T8230 | Nuclear Isolation Buffer formulation reagents. |
Water bath Kettle | Shanghai Senxin Experimental Instrument Co. | DK-8D | Precise thermostat and temperature regulation, accurate and reliable temperature control |
β-mercaptoethanol | Shanghai Eon Chemical Technology Co. | R054186-100ml | Nuclear Isolation Buffer formulation reagents. |
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