我们非常感谢他们的研究中使用的试剂的慷慨捐赠分子器件分析技术/大角星。我们也感谢哈佛组织资源中心提供死后的人脑组织的资金来源：RO1MH76060和P50MH080272。

<ol>
	<li>Imbeaud, S., Graudens, E., Boulanger, V., Barlet, X., Zaborski, P., Eveno, E., Mueleer, O., Schroeder, A., Auffray, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Towards+standardization+of+RNA+quality+assessment+using+user-independent+classifiers+of+microcapillary+electrophoresis+traces.">Towards standardization of RNA quality assessment using user-independent classifiers of microcapillary electrophoresis traces.</a> Nucleic Acids Res. 33, e56-e56 (2005).</li></ol>

生产这种视频文章是由生命科技赞助。

在这里，我们尝试自定义协议的异构死后脑组织使用的大角星XT系统和相关的RNA提取试剂盒提取同质的细胞群。如上所述，我们已作了一些修改，由该公司提供的的原始协议，以最大限度地提高RNA的完整性。成功捕获单细胞完全取决于优化的步骤之前，捕捉，以达到最大细胞具有良好的RNA。这些步骤包括：与组织切片及染色相关的各种参数。总之，这些方面组织编制包括：1）降低温度梯度时切片，2）放置2节每张幻灯片，3）在冰上表演的所有脱水步骤，4）加入RNase抑制剂，污渍，5）在最后100％的乙醇至3分钟的脱水时间。 方面捕捉，我们认为结合CapSure HS帽与宏设置软件，应确保达到最佳的效果。湿度控制的环境中捕捉单个细胞的关键，在高湿度的大幅度降低组织的“电梯”。高温也可以对RNA质量的负面影响。 在与PicoPure套件的RNA分离协议中，有两个洗步骤。重要的是要检查所有的洗涤缓冲液，然后转移到另一微量RNA的洗脱管中删除，您的最终样品中存在的缓冲区的任何将导致开始在更短的RNA扩增。为了确保这一点，我们离心机为2.5分钟，而不是在所提供的协议建议的2分钟的最后一次洗涤步骤。 在大多数情况下，线性放大协议是根据制造商的指示。但是，有两个关键点，应考虑使用此协议时：1）尽量限制通过样品的过剩转移RNA的损失之间的管，只使用0.5毫升管结​​合提供了一个在热循环仪0.5毫升块; 2）当样品转移到纯化柱纯化的cDNA，请务必降速后的第一个转移的样品管。这将导致额外的1 - 2ul样品添加到纯化柱，因此可以增加的cDNA恢复。 当自己的有限ARNA样本的生物素标签的Turbo结束标记试剂盒的使用，我们建议增加一个额外的几微升的水的离心步骤之前，增加标记的RNA产量列中提取。一个额外的离心分钟，也将有助于在这方面，特别是如果你与退化的组织，如FFPE组织工作。 我们有信心，这个协议将使用户隔离单异质死后脑组织内的细胞群，如小的均质结构，。这样可以减少周围结构，位于大脑内的各层的其他细胞类型的稀释效应，导致对正在调查中特定的细胞类型有针对性的结果。由于所产生的RNA的质量是好的芯片研究不够，我们就可以开始针对特定的分子特征，特定的细胞在疾病状态影响的人口。

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		<div>
		<table border="1">
		<thead>
		<tr>
		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
		</tr>
		</thead>
		<tbody>
		
<tr>
<td>4.5&#x201D; Forceps</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>VWR</td>
<td>82027-392</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Arcturus XT&trade; Laser-Capture Microdissection (LCM) System</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>MDS Analytical Technologies</td>
<td>13821-00</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>CapSure&trade; HS LCM Caps</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>MDS Analytical Technologies</td>
<td>LCM 0214</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>CapSure&reg; Macro LCM Caps</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>MDS Analytical Technologies</td>
<td>LCM 0211</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Experion&trade; Automated Electrophoresis Station</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Bio-Rad</td>
<td>700-7001</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Experion&trade; RNA HighSens Chips</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Bio-Rad</td>
<td>700-7155</td>
<td>10 chips</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Experion&#x2122; RNA HighSens Reagents</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Bio-Rad</td>
<td>700-7156</td>
<td>10 chips</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Experion&#x2122; RNA StdSens Chips</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Bio-Rad</td>
<td>700-7153</td>
<td>10 chips</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Experion&trade; RNA StdSens Reagents</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Bio-Rad</td>
<td>700-7154</td>
<td>10 chips</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Falcon&reg; polypropylene Conical tube</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Becton-Dickinson Labware</td>
<td>352070</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>GeneAmp&reg; thin-walled reaction tube with domed cap</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Applied Biosystems</td>
<td>N8010611</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>GeneChip&reg; Human X3P array</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Affymetrix</td>
<td>900516</td>
<td>6 chips</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Histogene&reg; LCM Frozen Section Staining kit</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>MDS Analytical Technologies</td>
<td>KIT0401</td>
<td>For staining solution, jars, ethanols and Xylene</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Histogene&trade; LCM slides</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>MDS Analytical Technologies</td>
<td>12231-00</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Micro Slide Box</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>VWR</td>
<td>48444-004</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Microm HM 505E cryostat</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
<td>22-050-350</td>
<td>Catalogue number for similar product as current product no longer available</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Microprocessor Controlled 280 series Water bath</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Thermo Electron Corporation</td>
<td>51221048</td>
<td>Model 282</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Molecular Sieve</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>EMD&trade;</td>
<td>MX1583L-1</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>NanoDrop 1000 Spectrophotometer</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>The NanoDrop 1000 is not available anymore, but the NanoDrop 2000 is comparable.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nuclease-free water</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Ambion&reg;</td>
<td>AM9932</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>PEN Membrane glass slides</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>MDS Analytical Technologies</td>
<td>LCM 0522</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>PicoPure&reg; RNA Isolation kit</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>MDS Analytical Technologies</td>
<td>KIT0204</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>RiboAmp&reg;HSPLUS with Biotin labeling</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>MDS Analytical Technologies</td>
<td>KIT0511B</td>
<td>12 reactions Includes TURBO biotin labeling&trade; kit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RNase Zap&reg;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Ambion&reg;</td>
<td>AM9780/2</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>RNase-Free DNase Set</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Qiagen</td>
<td>79254</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>RNasin&reg; Plus</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Promega</td>
<td>N261B</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>SuperScript&trade; III Reverse Transcriptase</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>18080-044</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>		</tbody>
		</table>
		</div>

obtaining high quality rna from single cell populations in human postmortem brain tissue

我们提出要调查见于精神分裂症患者颞上回在灰质减少，通过询问在第三层锥体神经元的基因表达图谱。这是众所周知的，大脑皮层异常庞杂的结构，包括不同地区，层次和类型的细胞，每一个特点是由不同的细胞和分子组成，因此，基因差异表达谱。为了规避组织异质性的混杂的影响，我们用激光捕获显微切割（LCM），以隔离特定的细胞类型，即锥体神经元。 使用大角XT的LCM系统Histogene染色液染色约500锥体神经元被抓获。 RNA，然后从捕获的细胞中分离出，并经历了两轮基于T7使用大角/套分子器件的线性放大。的Experion LabChip（BIO - RAD）凝胶电泳表明，良好的质量（M）RNA，成绩单扩展微阵列所需的过去600nt的长度。获得表达量平均51μg可接受的平均样品纯度，A260/280比值为2.5，表示。异形使用基因芯片由Affymetrix公司的人力X3P探针阵列基因表达。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Obtaining High Quality RNA from Single Cell Populations in Human Postmortem Brain Tissue at JoVE.com

Obtaining High Quality RNA from Single Cell Populations in Human Postmortem Brain Tissue

我们描述一个过程，利用激光捕获显微切割分离和提取RNA从一个同质的细胞群，锥体神经元，在上级死后人类大脑颞上回第三层。其后，我们线性放大（T7基于）的mRNA，Affymetrix公司人类X3P芯片杂交样品。

人死后脑组织中的单细胞群获得高品质的RNA

We proposed to investigate the gray matter reduction in the superior temporal gyrus seen in schizophrenia patients, by interrogating gene expression ...

obtaining-high-quality-rna-from-single-cell-populations-human

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

30.5K 次观看.  McLean Hospital. 我们描述一个过程，利用激光捕获显微切割分离和提取RNA从一个同质的细胞群，锥体神经元，在上级死后人类大脑颞上回第三层。其后，我们线性放大（T7基于）的mRNA，Affymetrix公司人类X3P芯片杂交样品。

视频: Obtaining High Quality RNA from Single Cell Populations in Human Postmortem Brain Tissue

Obtaining Eggs from Xenopus laevis Females

The eggs of Xenopus laevis intact, lysed, and/or fractionated are useful for a wide variety of experiments. This protocol shows how to induce egg laying, collect and dejelly the eggs, and sort the eggs to remove any damaged eggs.

The eggs of Xenopus laevis intact, lysed, and/or fractionated are useful for a wide variety of experiments. This protocol shows how to induce egg laying, collect and dejelly the eggs, and sort the eggs to remove any damaged eggs.

从非洲爪蟾女性获得卵子

The eggs of Xenopus laevis intact, lysed, and/or fractionated are useful for a wide variety of experiments. This protocol shows how to induce egg laying, ...

科研

生物学

Neuronal Nuclei Isolation from Human Postmortem Brain Tissue

Neurons in the human brain become postmitotic largely during prenatal development, and thus maintain their nuclei throughout the full lifespan. However, little is known about changes in neuronal chromatin and nuclear organization during the course of development and aging, or in chronic neuropsychiatric disease. However, to date most chromatin and DNA based assays (other than FISH) lack single cell resolution. To this end, the considerable cellular heterogeneity of brain tissue poses a significant limitation, because typically various subpopulations of neurons are intermingled with different types of glia and other non-neuronal cells. One possible solution would be to grow cell-type specific cultures, but most CNS cells, including neurons, are ex vivo sustainable, at best, for only a few weeks and thus would provide an incomplete model for epigenetic mechanisms potentially operating across the full lifespan.  Here, we provide a protocol to extract and purify nuclei from frozen (never fixed) human postmortem brain. The method involves extraction of nuclei in hypotonic lysis buffer, followed by ultracentrifugation and immunotagging with anti-NeuN antibody. Labeled neuronal nuclei are then collected separately using fluorescence-activated sorting. This method should be applicable to any brain region in a wide range of species and suitable for chromatin immunoprecipitation studies with site- and modification-specific anti-histone antibodies, and for DNA methylation and other assays. 

The cellular heterogeneity of brain tissue poses a significant limitation for the study of epigenetic markings in chromatin because most assays lack single cell resolution. Neurons typically are intermingled with glia and other non-neuronal cells. We provide a protocol to extract and collect neuronal nuclei from human brain.

从人死后脑组织神经元细胞核分离

Neurons in the human brain become postmitotic largely during prenatal development, and thus maintain their nuclei throughout the full lifespan. However, ...

Generation of Single-Cell Suspensions from Mouse Neural Tissue

Within the nervous system, hundreds of neuronal and glial cell types have been described. Each specific cell type in the brain or spinal cord has a repertoire of cell surface molecules, or molecular determinants, through which it can be identified and characterized. Currently, robust cell identification and separation technologies require single-cell preparations to be generated while simultaneously limiting cell death and destruction of characteristic surface protein. The gentleMACS Dissociator, when used in combination with trypsin or papain-based dissociation kits, can effectively and gently dissociate brain tissue while preserving antigen epitopes and limiting cell loss. Standardized preparation of single-cell suspensions is achieved using C Tubes and optimized, preset gentleMACS Programs. Once generated, single-cell suspensions can be treated with monoclonal conjugates like Anti-Prominin-1 MicroBeads, which identify neural progenitors, or purified further using Myelin Removal Beads.

Dissociating cells from specific tissue types requires specific parameters for tissue aggitation to obtain a high volume of viable, culturable cells. The Miltenyi gentleMACS Dissociator optimizes this task with a simple, practical protocol. In this publication the use of this apparatus on nerual tissue is explained.

从小鼠神经组织产生单细胞悬浮液

Within the nervous system, hundreds of neuronal and glial cell types have been described. Each specific cell type in the brain or spinal cord has a ...

Single-cell Suction Recordings from Mouse Cone Photoreceptors

Rod and cone photoreceptors in the retina are responsible for light detection. In darkness, cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels in the outer segment are open and allow cations to flow steadily inwards across the membrane, depolarizing the cell. Light exposure triggers the closure of the CNG channels, blocks the inward cation current flow, and thus results in cell hyperpolarization. Based on the polarity of photoreceptors, a suction recording method was developed in 1970s that, unlike the classic patch-clamp technique, does not require penetrating the plasma membrane 1. Drawing the outer segment into a tightly-fitting glass pipette filled with extracellular solution allows recording the current changes in individual cells upon test-flash exposure. However, this well-established "outer-segment-in (OS-in)" suction recording is not suitable for mouse cone recordings, because of the low percentage of cones in the mouse retina (3%) and the difficulties in identifying the cone outer segments. Recently, an inner-segment-in (IS-in) recording configuration was developed to draw the inner segment/nuclear region of the photoreceptor into the recording pipette 2,3. In this video, we will show how to record from individual mouse cone photoresponses using single-cell suction electrode.

We will show how to record flash responses from single mouse cones using a suction electrode.

单从小鼠锥感光细胞吸录音

Rod and cone photoreceptors in the retina are responsible for light detection. In darkness, cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels in the outer segment ...

Robust Generation of Hepatocyte-like Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cell Populations

Despite progress in modelling human drug toxicity, many compounds fail during clinical trials due to unpredicted side effects. The cost of clinical studies are substantial, therefore it is essential that more predictive toxicology screens are developed and deployed early on in drug development (Greenhough et al 2010). Human hepatocytes represent the current gold standard model for evaluating drug toxicity, but are a limited resource that exhibit variable function. Therefore, the use of immortalised cell lines and animal tissue models are routinely employed due to their abundance. While both sources are informative, they are limited by poor function, species variability and/or instability in culture (Dalgetty et al 2009). Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are an attractive alternative source of human hepatocyte like cells (HLCs) (Medine et al 2010). PSCs are capable of self renewal and differentiation to all somatic cell types found in the adult and thereby represent a potentially inexhaustible source of differentiated cells. We have developed a procedure that is simple, highly efficient, amenable to automation and yields functional human HLCs (Hay et al 2008 ; Fletcher et al 2008 ; Hannoun et al 2010 ; Payne et al 2011 and Hay et al 2011). We believe our technology will lead to the scalable production of HLCs for drug discovery, disease modeling, the construction of extra-corporeal devices and possibly cell based transplantation therapies.

This article will focus on the generation of human hepatic endoderm from human embryonic stem cell populations.

肝细胞样细胞从人类胚胎干细胞群的鲁棒代

Despite progress in modelling human drug toxicity, many compounds fail during clinical trials due to unpredicted side effects. The cost of clinical ...

Generation of High Quality Chromatin Immunoprecipitation DNA Template for High-throughput Sequencing (ChIP-seq)

ChIP-sequencing (ChIP-seq) methods directly offer whole-genome coverage, where combining chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and massively parallel sequencing can be utilized to identify the repertoire of mammalian DNA sequences bound by transcription factors in vivo. "Next-generation" genome sequencing technologies provide 1-2 orders of magnitude increase in the amount of sequence that can be cost-effectively generated over older technologies thus allowing for ChIP-seq methods to directly provide whole-genome coverage for effective profiling of mammalian protein-DNA interactions.
For successful ChIP-seq approaches, one must generate high quality ChIP DNA template to obtain the best sequencing outcomes. The description is based around experience with the protein product of the gene most strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, namely the transcription factor transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2). This factor has also been implicated in various cancers.
Outlined is how to generate high quality ChIP DNA template derived from the colorectal carcinoma cell line, HCT116, in order to build a high-resolution map through sequencing to determine the genes bound by TCF7L2, giving further insight in to its key role in the pathogenesis of complex traits.

Generation of High Quality Chromatin Immunoprecipitation DNA Template for High-throughput Sequencing ChIP-seq

The combination of chromatin immunoprecipitation and ultra-high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) can identify and map protein-DNA interactions in a given tissue or cell line. Outlined is how to generate a high quality ChIP template for subsequent sequencing, using experience with the transcription factor TCF7L2 as an example.

代高通量测序技术（ChIP-seq的高品质的染色质免疫沉淀DNA模板）

ChIP-sequencing (ChIP-seq) methods directly  offer whole-genome coverage, where combining chromatin immunoprecipitation  (ChIP) and massively parallel ...

A Laser Capture Microdissection Protocol That Yields High Quality RNA from Fresh-frozen Mouse Bones

RNA yield and integrity are decisive for RNA analysis. However, it is often technically challenging to maintain RNA integrity throughout the entire laser capture microdissection (LCM) procedure. Since LCM studies work with low amounts of material, concerns about limited RNA yields are also important. Therefore, an LCM protocol was developed to obtain sufficient quantity of high-quality RNA for gene expression analysis in bone cells. The effect of staining protocol, thickness of cryosections, microdissected tissue quantity, RNA extraction kit, and LCM system used on RNA yield and integrity obtained from microdissected bone cells was evaluated. Eight-&#181;m-thick frozen bone sections were made using an adhesive film and stained using a rapid protocol for a commercial LCM stain. The sample was sandwiched between a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) membrane and the adhesive film. An LCM system that uses gravity for sample collection and a column-based RNA extraction method were used to obtain high quality RNAs of sufficient yield. The current study focusses on mouse femur sections. However, the LCM protocol reported here can be used to study in situ gene expression in cells of any hard tissue in both physiological conditions and disease processes.

A laser capture microdissection (LCM) protocol was developed to obtain sufficient quantity of high-quality RNA for gene expression analysis in bone cells. The current study focusses on mouse femur sections. However, the LCM protocol reported here can be used to study gene expression in cells of any hard tissue.

从新鲜冷冻的小鼠骨骼中产生高质量RNA的激光捕获微解剖协议

RNA yield and integrity are decisive for RNA analysis. However, it is often technically challenging to maintain RNA integrity throughout the entire laser ...

Quantitative Proteomics Workflow using Multiple Reaction Monitoring Based Detection of Proteins from Human Brain Tissue

The proteomic analysis of the human brain tissue over the last decade has greatly enhanced our understanding of the brain. However, brain related disorders continue to be a major contributor of deaths around the world, necessitating the need for even greater understanding of their pathobiology. Traditional antibody-based techniques like western blotting or immunohistochemistry suffer from being low-throughput besides being labor-intensive and qualitative or semi-quantitative. Even conventional mass spectrometry-based shotgun approaches fail to provide conclusive evidence to support a certain hypothesis. Targeted proteomics approaches are largely hypothesis driven and differ from the conventional shotgun proteomics approaches that have been long in use. Multiple reaction monitoring is one such targeted approach that requires the use of a special mass spectrometer called the tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer or triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. In the current study, we have systematically highlighted the major steps involved in performing a successful tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry-based proteomics workflow using human brain tissue with an aim to introduce this workflow to a broader research community.

The protocol aims to introduce the use of a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer for Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) of proteins from clinical samples. We have provided a systematic workflow starting from sample preparation to data analysis for clinical samples with all the necessary precautions to be taken.

使用基于多反应监测的人类脑组织蛋白质的多反应监测工作流程定量蛋白质组学工作流程

The proteomic analysis of the human brain tissue over the last decade has greatly enhanced our understanding of the brain. However, brain related ...

Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic and degenerative joint disease most often affecting the knee. As there is currently no cure, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common surgical intervention. Experiments using primary human OA tissues obtained from TKA provide the capability to investigate disease mechanisms ex vivo. While OA was previously thought to impact mainly the cartilage, it is now known to impact multiple tissues in the joint. This protocol describes patient selection, sample processing, tissue homogenization, RNA extraction, and quality control (based on RNA purity, integrity, and yield) from each of seven unique tissues to support disease mechanism investigation in the knee joint. With informed consent, samples were obtained from patients undergoing TKA for OA. Tissues were dissected, washed, and stored within 4 h of surgery by flash freezing for RNA or formalin fixation for histology. Collected tissues included articular cartilage, subchondral bone, meniscus, infrapatellar fat pad, anterior cruciate ligament, synovium, and vastus medialis oblique muscle. RNA extraction protocols were tested for each tissue type. The most significant modification involved the method of disintegration used for low-cell, high-matrix, hard tissues (considered as cartilage, bone, and meniscus) versus relatively high-cell, low-matrix, soft tissues (considered as fat pad, ligament, synovium, and muscle). It was found that pulverization was appropriate for hard tissues, and homogenization was appropriate for soft tissues. A proclivity for some subjects to yield higher RNA integrity number (RIN) values than other subjects consistently across multiple tissues was observed, suggesting that underlying factors such as disease severity may impact RNA quality. The ability to isolate high-quality RNA from primary human OA tissues provides a physiologically relevant model for sophisticated gene expression experiments, including sequencing, that can lead to clinical insights that are more readily translated to patients.

Primary tissues obtained from patients following total knee arthroplasty provide an experimental model for osteoarthritis research with maximal clinical translatability. This protocol describes how to identify, process, and isolate RNA from seven unique knee tissues to support mechanistic investigation in human osteoarthritis.

从人骨关节炎膝关节收集和RNA提取

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic and degenerative joint disease most often affecting the knee. As there is currently no cure, total knee arthroplasty ...

Nuclei Isolation from Adult Mouse Kidney for Single-Nucleus RNA-Sequencing

The kidneys regulate diverse biological processes such as water, electrolyte, and acid-base homeostasis. Physiological functions of the kidney are executed by multiple cell types arranged in a complex architecture across the corticomedullary axis of the organ. Recent advances in single-cell transcriptomics have accelerated the understanding of cell type-specific gene expression in renal physiology and disease. However, enzyme-based tissue dissociation protocols, which are frequently utilized for single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), require mostly fresh (non-archived) tissue, introduce transcriptional stress responses, and favor the selection of abundant cell types of the kidney cortex resulting in an underrepresentation of cells of the medulla.
Here, we present a protocol that avoids these problems. The protocol is based on nuclei isolation at 4 &#176;C from frozen kidney tissue. Nuclei are isolated from a central piece of the mouse kidney comprised of the cortex, outer medulla, and inner medulla. This reduces the overrepresentation of cortical cells typical for whole-kidney samples for the benefit of medullary cells such that data will represent the entire corticomedullary axis at sufficient abundance. The protocol is simple, rapid, and adaptable and provides a step towards the standardization of single-nuclei transcriptomics in kidney research.

Here, we present a protocol to isolate high-quality nuclei from frozen mouse kidneys that improve the representation of medullary kidney cell types and avoids the gene expression artifacts from enzymatic tissue dissociation.