Name: translating ribosome affinity purification (trap) for rna isolation from endothelial cells in vivo
Uploaded: 2019-05-25T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification TRAP for RNA Isolation from Endothelial Cells In Vivo at JoVE.com

Dr Ren&#39;s work is supported by the American Heart Association (13SDG14800019; BR), the Ann&#39;s Hope Foundation (FP00011709; BR), the American Cancer Society (86-004-26; the MCW Cancer Center to BR), and the National Institute of Health (HL136423; BR); Jordan Palmer is supported by the 2018 MCW CTSI 500 Stars Internship Program; P. Moran is supported by an Institutional Research Training Grant from NHLBI (5T35 HL072483-34).

For animal experiments, all methods described here have been approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Medical College of Wisconsin.
1. Prepare reagents
<ol>
	<li>Prepare lysis buffer to concentrations of 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 150 mM KCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 0.5 mM DTT, 100 &#181;g/mL cycloheximide, protease inhibitors, and recombinant RNase inhibitors to concentrations as described below.
	<ol>
		<li>Add following reagents to 500 mL of RNase-free deionized water: ...

<ol>
	<li>Heiman, M., Kulicke, R., Fenster, R. J., Greengard, P., Heintz, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cell+type-specific+mRNA+purification+by+translating+ribosome+affinity+purification+(TRAP).">Cell type-specific mRNA purification by translating ribosome affinity purification (TRAP).</a> Nature Protocols. 9, 1282-1291 (2014).</li><li>Zhou, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interrogating+translational+efficiency+and+lineage-specific+transcriptomes+using+ribosome+affinity+purification.">Interrogating translational efficiency and lineage-specific transcriptomes using ribosome affinity purification.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 110, 15395-15400 (2013).</li><li>Best, B., Moran, P., Ren, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=VEGF/PKD-1+signaling+mediates+arteriogenic+gene+expression+and+angiogenic+responses+in+reversible+human+microvascular+endothelial+cells+with+extended+lifespan.">VEGF/PKD-1 signaling mediates arteriogenic gene expression and angiogenic responses in reversible human microvascular endothelial cells with extended lifespan.</a> Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry. 446, 199-207 (2018).</li><li>Ren, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=LPA/PKD-1-FoxO1+Signaling+Axis+Mediates+Endothelial+Cell+CD36+Transcriptional+Repression+and+Proangiogenic+and+Proarteriogenic+Reprogramming.">LPA/PKD-1-FoxO1 Signaling Axis Mediates Endothelial Cell CD36 Transcriptional Repression and Proangiogenic and Proarteriogenic Reprogramming.</a> Arteriosclerosclerosis Thrombosis, Vascular Biology. 36, 1197-1208 (2016).</li><li>Ren, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Protein+Kinase+D1+Signaling+in+Angiogenic+Gene+Expression+and+VEGF-Mediated+Angiogenesis.">Protein Kinase D1 Signaling in Angiogenic Gene Expression and VEGF-Mediated Angiogenesis.</a> Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. 4, 37 (2016).</li><li>Ren, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=FoxO1+transcriptional+activities+in+VEGF+expression+and+beyond:+a+key+regulator+in+functional+angiogenesis?.">FoxO1 transcriptional activities in VEGF expression and beyond: a key regulator in functional angiogenesis?.</a> Journal of Pathology. 245, 255-257 (2018).</li><li>Hupe, M., Li, M. X., Gertow Gillner, K., Adams, R. H., Stenman, J. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evaluation+of+TRAP-sequencing+technology+with+a+versatile+conditional+mouse+model.">Evaluation of TRAP-sequencing technology with a versatile conditional mouse model.</a> Nucleic Acids Research. 42, e14 (2014).</li><li>Dong, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Diet-induced+obesity+links+to+ER+positive+breast+cancer+progression+via+LPA/PKD-1-CD36+signaling-mediated+microvascular+remodeling.">Diet-induced obesity links to ER positive breast cancer progression via LPA/PKD-1-CD36 signaling-mediated microvascular remodeling.</a> Oncotarget. 8, 22550-22562 (2017).</li><li>Ren, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=ERK1/2-Akt1+crosstalk+regulates+arteriogenesis+in+mice+and+zebrafish.">ERK1/2-Akt1 crosstalk regulates arteriogenesis in mice and zebrafish.</a> Journal of Clinical Investigation. 120, 1217-1228 (2010).</li><li>Skuli, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endothelial+HIF-2alpha+regulates+murine+pathological+angiogenesis+and+revascularization+processes.">Endothelial HIF-2alpha regulates murine pathological angiogenesis and revascularization processes.</a> Journal of Clinical Investigation. 122, 1427-1443 (2012).</li></ol>

Angiogenesis is a complex multistep process, in which EC-specific angiogenic gene transcription and expression play an essential role in EC differentiation and angiogenic reprogramming3,4. To overcome the barriers from the cellular diversity and architectural complexity for better understanding the function of the mammalian vascular system at a molecular level in vivo, we have created EC-specific TRAP mice, accompanied by EC-specific cd36, EC-specific <e...

In complex tissues such as the mammalian brain, heart and lung, the high levels of cellular heterogeneity complicate the analysis of gene expression data derived from whole tissue samples. To observe gene expression profiles in a particular cell type in vivo, a new methodology has been developed recently, which allows the interrogation of the entire translated mRNA complement of any genetically defined cell type. This methodology is known as the translating ribosome affinity purification (TRAP) technique1,2. It is a useful tool to study endothelial cell biology and angiogenesis when combined with genetically manipulating other angiogenesis-associated genes in animals.
We have shown that angiogenic PKD-1 signaling and the transcription of angiogenic gene CD36 are critical for endothelial cell (EC) differentiation and functional angiogenesis3,4,5,6. To determine molecular mechanisms of angiogenic and metabolic signaling in gene transcription and EC transdifferentiation, we have created genetically engineered TRAP mice with specifically deleted angiogenic genes on the basis of TRAP technique1,2. Furthermore, in our TRAP animals, not only do they have pkd-1 or cd36 gene deficiency in the vascular endothelia or global deletion of cd36 gene, but an enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) is also genetically tagged onto EC&#39;s translating ribosomes. TRAP permits affinity purification of ribosome-bound mRNA directly from the vascular endothelia of targeted tissues, enabling the analysis of gene expression and identification of new transcriptomes that are associated with EC differentiation and angiogenesis directly under in vivo conditions. We have successfully isolated ribosome-bound RNA from the endothelia in these genetically engineered animals. The purified RNA can be used for further characterization of angiogenic or arteriogenic genes in the regulation of EC differentiation and functions. This protocol provides a step-by-step guide to implement the TRAP approach for the isolation of mRNA in ECs directly in vivo.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:591px;" width="589">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:223px;">2100 Electrophoresis Bioanalyzer with Nanochips and Picochips</td>
			<td style="width:73px;">Agilent</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">G2939AA, 5067-1511 &#38; 5067-1513</td>
			<td style="width:172px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">Cell scrapers</td>
			<td style="width:73px;">Sarstedt</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:123px;">83.1832</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:223px;">Homogenizers</td>
			<td style="width:73px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">K8855100020</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">Magnet (Dynamag-2)</td>
			<td style="width:73px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">123-21D</td>
			<td>Will depend on purification scale; samples in 1.5-mL tubes can be concentrated on a DynaMag-2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:223px;">Minicentrifuge</td>
			<td style="width:73px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">05-090-100</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:223px;">NanoDrop 2000C spectrophotometer</td>
			<td style="width:73px;">Thermo Scientific&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">ND-2000C</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">Refrigerated centrifuge</td>
			<td style="width:73px;">Eppendorf</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">5430R</td>
			<td>with rotor for 1.5-mL microcentrifuge tubes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:223px;">RNase-free 1.5mL microcentrifuge tubes</td>
			<td style="width:73px;">Applied Biosystems&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">AM12450</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:223px;">Rnase-free 50-mL conical tubes</td>
			<td style="width:73px;">Applied Biosystems&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">AM12501</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">RNase-free 1000-&#956;l filter tips</td>
			<td style="width:73px;">Rainin</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">RT-1000F</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">RNase-free 200-&#956;l filter tips</td>
			<td style="width:73px;">Rainin&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">RT-200F</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">RNase-free 20-&#956;l filter tips</td>
			<td style="width:73px;">Rainin&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">RT-20F</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">Rotor for homogenizers</td>
			<td style="width:73px;">Yamato&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">LT-400D</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:223px;">Tube rotator, Labquake brand</td>
			<td style="width:73px;">Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">13-687-12Q</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

translating ribosome affinity purification (trap) for rna isolation from endothelial cells in vivo

Many studies have been limited to using in vitro cellular assays and whole tissues or isolating of specific cell types from animals for in vitro analysis of transcriptome and gene expression by qPCR and RNA sequencing. Comprehensive transcriptome and gene expression analysis of specific cell types in complex tissues and organs will be critical to understand cellular and molecular mechanisms by which genes are regulated and their association with tissue homeostasis and organ functions. In this article, we demonstrate the methodology for isolation of ribosome-bound RNA directly in vivo in the vascular endothelia of animal lungs as an example. The specific materials and procedures for tissue processing and RNA purification will be described, including the assessment of RNA quality and yield as well as real time qPCR for arteriogenic gene assays. This approach, known as translating ribosome affinity purification (TRAP) technique, can be utilized for characterization of gene expression and transcriptome analysis of certain cell types directly in vivo in any specific type in complex tissues.

Our previous studies4,7 suggest that CD36 may function as a switch for arteriolar differentiation and capillary arterialization via the LPA/PKD-1 signaling pathway. To study whether the LPA/PKD-1-CD36 signaling axis is essential for arteriogenesis in vivo, we have established the novel TRAP lines that not only have global cd36 deficiency or endothelial-specific-cd36- or pkd-1-deficiency but also permit selective isolation of ribosome-bound RNA from cre-marked cel...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification TRAP for RNA Isolation from Endothelial Cells In Vivo at JoVE.com

Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification TRAP for RNA Isolation from Endothelial Cells In Vivo

We present an approach to purify ribosome-bound mRNA from vascular endothelial cells (ECs) directly in mouse brain, lung and heart tissues via EC-specific genetic tag of enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP)in ribosomes in combination with RNA purification.

Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification (TRAP) for RNA Isolation from Endothelial Cells In Vivo

Many studies have been limited to using in vitro cellular assays and whole tissues or isolating of specific cell types from animals for in vitro analysis ...

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