מ&quot;א נתמך על ידי החוקר חדש הזנק כספים אלברט איינשטיין קולג &#39;לרפואה של הישיבה יוניברסיטי.

<ol>
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R., Larouche, M., Marzban, H., Sillitoe, R. V., Rancourt, D. E., Hawkes, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Patterned+Purkinje+cell+degeneration+in+mouse+models+of+Niemann-Pick+type+C+disease.">Patterned Purkinje cell degeneration in mouse models of Niemann-Pick type C disease.</a> J. Comp. Neurol. 456, 279-291 (2003).</li><li>Sarna, J. R., Hawkes, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Patterned+Purkinje+cell+loss+in+the+ataxic+sticky+mouse.">Patterned Purkinje cell loss in the ataxic sticky mouse.</a> Eur. J. Neurosci. 34, 79-86 (2011).</li><li>El-Bizri, N., Guignabert, C., Wang, L., Cheng, A., Stankunas, K., Chang, C. 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אין לנו מה למסור.

תיארנו את הפרטים הטכניים הדרושים מכתים wholemount מוצלח באמצעות גישה immunohistochemical תכליתי עבור ביטוי חושפני חלבון במוח המתפתח ומבוגרים. על ידי שימוש בגישה זו, מורכבים דפוסי הביטוי מולקולרית ניתן לנתח והטופוגרפיה המוח מוערך ללא צורך מייגעים זמן רב נהלים חתך רקמות. <p class="jove...

<table border="1" style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"><tbody><tr><td> חומרים </td><td> פונקציה בפרוטוקול </td></tr><tr><td> זלוף המשאבה (פישר Scientific/13-876-2) </td><td> מאפשר טפטוף עקבי ואיטי. </td></tr><tr><td> חד עצה מספריים (FST/14081-08) </td><td> שימוש כללי זלוף ו לנתיחה. </td></tr><tr><td> בלאנט, עצה מלקחיים (FST/91100-12) </td><td> כדי לייצב את הלב על החדרת המחט זלוף. </td></tr><tr><td> מלקחיים (FST ידי דומון AA/11210-10) </td><td> לשימוש במהלך דיסקציה של המוח מהגולגולת כדי להפריד את המוח הקטן משאר המוח. אלה הם חיוניים, כי יש להם קצה מעוגל מעט, המסייע לצמצם פגיעה במוח הקטן במהלך לנתיחה. </td></tr><tr><td> Nutator (פישר סיינטיפיק) </td><td> משמש כדי לשמור על רקמת בתנועה בתקופות הדגירה. </td></tr><tr><td> 1.5 מ&quot;ל צינור (Sarstedt / בורג שווי מיקרו Tube) </td><td> כל הצעדים של שלוtochemistry פרוטוקול להתקיים microtubes אלה. תחתית מעוגלת מבטיח כי המוח הקטן נשאר בתנועה. </td></tr><tr><td> כף מחוררת (FST/10370-17) </td><td> נהג להחזיק wholemounts ב microtubes תוך בעדינות decanting את הפתרון בילו. </td></tr><tr><td> לייקה MZ16 מיקרוסקופ FA </td><td> נהג לבחון מכתים wholemount. </td></tr><tr><td> לייקה DFC3000 FX המצלמה </td><td> נהג ללכוד תמונות wholemount. </td></tr></tbody></table> טבלה 1. <table border="1" style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"><tbody><tr><td colspan="9"> למשל לוח שנה לניסוי wholemount טיפוסי </td></tr><tr><td> יום 1 </td><td colspan="4"> דנט של תיקון, בטמפרטורת החדר, 8 שעות </td><td colspan="4"> דנט של אקונומיקה, 4 ° C, בן לילה </td></tr><tr><td> יום 2 </td><td colspan="3"> 100% MeOH, בטמפרטורת החדר, 2x, 30 דק &#39;כל אחד </td><td colspan="3"> 100 MeOH%, פריז / הפשרה, 4x, 30 דקות min/15 </td><td colspa<html> n = &quot;2&quot;&gt; MeOH 100%, -80 ° C, בן לילה </td></tr><tr><td> יום 3 </td><td> 50% MeOH/50% PBS, בטמפרטורת החדר, 60-90 דקות </td><td colspan="2"> 15% MeOH / PBS 85%, בטמפרטורת החדר, 60-90 דקות </td><td colspan="2"> 100% PBS, בטמפרטורת החדר, 60-90 דקות </td><td> 10μg/mL proteinase K ב PBS, בטמפרטורת החדר, 2-3 דקות </td><td> 100% PBS, בטמפרטורת החדר, 3x, 10 דק &#39;כל אחד </td><td> PMT, 4 ° C, בן לילה </td></tr><tr><td> יום 4-5 </td><td colspan="8"> PMT + 1 ° נוגדנים + 5% DMSO, 4 ° C, 48 שעות </td></tr><tr><td> יום 6 </td><td colspan="3"> PMT, 4 מעלות צלזיוס, 2-3X, 2-3 שעות כל אחד </td><td colspan="5"> PMT + 2 ° נוגדנים + 5% DMSO, 4 ° C, 24 שעות (או להתחיל צעדים הגברה עם ABC מורכבים) </td></tr><tr><td> יום 7 </td><td colspan="2"> PMT, 4 מעלות צלזיוס, 2-3X, 2-3 שעות כל אחד </td><td colspan="3"> PBT, בטמפרטורת החדר, 2 שעות </td><td colspan="3"> דגירה ב DAB טרי PBS עד מכתים האופטימלי הוא דמיינו </td></tr></tbody></table>_content &quot;&gt; לוח 2. <table border="1" style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2"> מתכונים (* = להכין טרי בכל פעם) </td></tr><tr><td> PBS (פוספט שנאגרו מלוחים) </td><td> 0.1M פוספט שנאגרו מלוחים במים deionized. ה-pH 7.2 (טבליות סיגמא: P4417) </td></tr><tr><td> PFA (Paraformaldehyde) </td><td> עשה קפוא מאוחסנים כפתרון 20% ולאחר מכן מדולל ל -4% ב PBS לפתרון העבודה (פישר סיינטיפיק, T353) </td></tr><tr><td> דנט של * מקבע 3 </td><td> 4 חלקים מתנול 1 dimethylsulfoxide חלק (DMSO, פישר סיינטיפיק, D159-4) </td></tr><tr><td> דנט של בליץ 3 * </td><td> 4 חלקים מתנול 1 dimethylsulfoxide חלק (DMSO, פישר סיינטיפיק, D159-4) 1 30% מי חמצן חלק </td></tr><tr><td> עיכול אנזימתי </td><td> 10 מיקרוגרם / מ&quot;ל ​​של proteinase K (Roche Diagnostics, 03115828001) ב PBS. </td></tr><tr><td> PBST </td><td> PBS המכיל: 0.1% tween-20 (Fisheמחקר מדעי, BP337, טריטון יכול לשמש גם במקום Tween-20 בכל המקרים). </td></tr><tr><td> PMT 25 * </td><td> PBS המכיל: 2% שומן אבקת חלב רזה (הציפורנים העדיף) 0.1% tween-20 (פישר סיינטיפיק; BP337) </td></tr><tr><td> PBT 25 * </td><td> PBS המכיל: 0.2% (Sigma, B9001S) אלבומין בסרום שור 0.1% tween-20 (פישר סיינטיפיק; BP337) </td></tr><tr><td> DAB * </td><td> ממיסים 1 ל -10 מ&quot;ג של 3,3-diaminobenzidine (Sigma-Aldrich, D5905) ב 40 מ&quot;ל של PBS. הוסף 10 μl של מי חמצן 30% ליזום תגובה). </td></tr><tr><td> ABC קומפלקס פתרון </td><td> Vectastain KIT (וקטור Laboratories, Inc, PK-4000) </td></tr></tbody></table> לוח 3.

wholemount immunohistochemistry for revealing complex brain topography

ארכיטקטורת הסלולר חזר היטב הבין של המוח הקטן לעשות את זה במערכת מודל אידיאלי לחקר הטופוגרפיה המוח. בבסיס cytoarchitecture אחידה יחסית הוא מערך מורכב של תחומים parasagittal של גנים ביטוי החלבון. מידור המולקולרי של המוח הקטן ניצבת ארגון אנטומי ופונקציונלי של סיבים מביא. כדי להעריך במלואה את המורכבות של הארגון cerebellar מיקדנו בעבר הגישה מכתים wholemount לניתוח קצב העברת נתונים גבוה של מומים דפוסים במוח הקטן העכבר. פרוטוקול זה מתאר בפירוט את ריאגנטים, כלים וצעדים מעשיים מועילים בהצלחה לחשוף דפוסי ביטוי חלבונים במוח הקטן העכבר למבוגרים באמצעות immunostaining wholemount. הצעדים מודגשת כאן להדגים את התועלת של שיטה זו באמצעות ביטוי zebrinII / aldolaseC כדוגמה כיצד הטופוגרפיה קנס של המוח יכול להתגלות שלהקונפורמציה יליד תלת מימדי. מתואר גם הם עיבודים לפרוטוקול המאפשרים הדמיה של ביטוי החלבון תחזיות מביא ו cerebella גדול של מחקרים השוואתיים של הטופוגרפיה מולקולרית. כדי להמחיש יישומים אלה, נתוני מכתים מביא של המוח הקטן עכברוש כלולים.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Wholemount Immunohistochemistry for Revealing Complex Brain Topography at JoVE.com

Wholemount Immunohistochemistry for Revealing Complex Brain Topography

מעגלים עצביים מאורגנים מבחינה טופוגרפית עם פרופילים מולקולריים ספציפיים לתאים פונקציונליים. כאן, אנו מספקים את הצעדים המעשיים והטכניים של חשיפת הטופוגרפיה המוח העולמי באמצעות גישה צדדי wholemount מכתים immunohistochemical. אנו להדגים את התועלת של השיטה באמצעות cytoarchitecture מבינים היטב ואת המעגלים של המוח הקטן.

אימונוהיסטוכימיה Wholemount על טופוגרפיה חושפני המוח קומפלקס

The repeated and well-understood cellular architecture of the cerebellum make it an ideal model system for exploring brain topography. Underlying its ...

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JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

15.5K Views.  Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University. מעגלים עצביים מאורגנים מבחינה טופוגרפית עם פרופילים מולקולריים ספציפיים לתאים פונקציונליים. כאן, אנו מספקים את הצעדים המעשיים והטכניים של חשיפת הטופוגרפיה המוח העולמי באמצעות גישה צדדי wholemount מכתים immunohistochemical. אנו להדגים את התועלת של השיטה באמצעות cytoarchitecture מב?...

Video: Wholemount Immunohistochemistry for Revealing Complex Brain Topography

The Subventricular Zone En-face: Wholemount Staining and Ependymal Flow

The walls of the lateral ventricles contain the largest germinal region in the adult mammalian brain. The subventricular zone (SVZ) in these walls is an extensively studied model system for understanding the behavior of neural stem cells and the regulation of adult neurogenesis. Traditionally, these studies have relied on classical sectioning techniques for histological analysis. Here we present an alternative approach, the wholemount technique, which provides a comprehensive, en-face view of this germinal region. Compared to sections, wholemounts preserve the complete cytoarchitecture and cellular relationships within the SVZ. This approach has recently revealed that the adult neural stem cells, or type B1 cells, are part of a mixed neuroepithelium with differentiated ependymal cells lining the lateral ventricles. In addition, this approach has been used to study the planar polarization of ependymal cells and the cerebrospinal fluid flow they generate in the ventricle. With recent evidence that adult neural stem cells are a heterogeneous population that is regionally specified, the wholemount approach will likely be an essential tool for understanding the organization and parcellation of this stem cell niche.

The lateral ventricle walls contain the largest germinal region in the adult mammalian brain. Traditionally, studies on neurogenesis in this region have relied on classical sectioning techniques for histological analysis. Here we present an alternative approach, the wholemount technique, which provides a comprehensive, en-face view of this germinal region.

אזור Subventricular En פנים: מכתים Wholemount ושפל Ependymal

The walls of the lateral ventricles contain the largest germinal region in the adult mammalian brain. The subventricular zone (SVZ) in these walls is an ...

Revealing Neural Circuit Topography in Multi-Color

Neural circuits are organized into functional topographic maps. In order to visualize complex circuit architecture we developed an approach to reliably label the global patterning of multiple topographic projections. The cerebellum is an ideal model to study the orderly arrangement of neural circuits. For example, the compartmental organization of spinocerebellar mossy fibers has proven to be an indispensable system for studying mossy fiber patterning. We recently showed that wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) conjugated to Alexa 555 and 488 can be used for tracing spinocerebellar mossy fiber projections in developing and adult mice (Reeber et al. 2011). We found three major properties that make the WGA-Alexa tracers desirable tools for labeling neural projections. First, Alexa fluorophores are intense and their brightness allows for wholemount imaging directly after tracing. Second, WGA-Alexa tracers label the entire trajectory of developing and adult neural projections. Third, WGA-Alexa tracers are rapidly transported in both retrograde and anterograde directions. Here, we describe in detail how to prepare the tracers and other required tools, how to perform the surgery for spinocerebellar tracing and how best to image traced projections in three dimensions. In summary, we provide a step-by-step tracing protocol that will be useful for deciphering the organization and connectivity of functional maps not only in the cerebellum but also in the cortex, brainstem, and spinal cord.

We provide a practical guide for delivering tracers in vivo and use the spinocerebellar pathway as a model system to demonstrate essential steps for successful neuronal circuit analysis in mice. We describe in detail our versatile tracing protocol that exploits wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) conjugated to Alexa fluorophores.

חשיפת טופוגרפיה מעגלים עצביים Multi-Color

Neural circuits are organized into functional topographic maps. In order to visualize complex circuit architecture we developed an approach to reliably ...

Immunohistochemical and Calcium Imaging Methods in Wholemount Rat Retina

In this paper we describe the tools, reagents, and the practical steps that are needed for: 1) successful preparation of wholemount retinas for immunohistochemistry and, 2) calcium imaging for the study of voltage gated calcium channel (VGCC) mediated calcium signaling in retinal ganglion cells. The calcium imaging method we describe circumvents issues concerning non-specific loading of displaced amacrine cells in the ganglion cell layer.

Immunohistochemistry protocols are used to study the localization of a specific protein in the retina. Calcium imaging techniques are employed to study calcium dynamics in retinal ganglion cells and their axons.

שיטות הדמיה אימונוהיסטוכימיים וסידן בWholemount עכברוש הרשתית

In this paper we describe the tools, reagents, and the practical steps that are needed for: 1) successful preparation of wholemount retinas for ...

Complete Spinal Cord Injury and Brain Dissection Protocol for Subsequent Wholemount In Situ Hybridization in Larval Sea Lamprey

After a complete spinal cord injury, sea lampreys at first are paralyzed below the level of transection. However, they recover locomotion after several weeks, and this is accompanied by short distance regeneration (a few mm) of propriospinal axons and spinal-projecting axons from the brainstem. Among the 36 large identifiable spinal-projecting neurons, some are good regenerators and others are bad regenerators. These neurons can most easily be identified in wholemount CNS preparations. In order to understand the neuron-intrinsic mechanisms that favor or inhibit axon regeneration after injury in the vertebrates CNS, we determine differences in gene expression between the good and bad regenerators, and how expression is influenced by spinal cord transection. This paper illustrates the techniques for housing larval and recently transformed adult sea lampreys in fresh water tanks, producing complete spinal cord transections under microscopic vision, and preparing brain and spinal cord wholemounts for in situ hybridization. Briefly, animals are kept at 16&#160;&#176;C and anesthetized in 1% Benzocaine in lamprey Ringer. The spinal cord is transected with iridectomy scissors via a dorsal approach and the animal is allowed to recover in fresh water tanks at 23 &#176;C. For in situ hybridization, animals are reanesthetized and the brain and cord removed via a dorsal approach.

Complete Spinal Cord Injury and Brain Dissection Protocol for Subsequent Wholemount In Situ Hybridization in Larval Sea Lamprey

Lampreys recover locomotion after a complete spinal cord injury. However, some spinal-projecting neurons are good regenerators and others are not. This paper illustrates the techniques for housing sea lamprey larvae (and recently transformed adults), producing complete spinal cord transections and preparing wholemount brains and spinal cords for in situ hybridization.

חוט השדרה מלא פגיעה ומוח Dissection פרוטוקול Wholemount לאחר<em&gt; באתר</em&gt; הכלאה בזחל ים צמד ים

After a complete spinal cord injury, sea lampreys at first are paralyzed below the level of transection. However, they recover locomotion after several ...

Primer for Immunohistochemistry on Cryosectioned Rat Brain Tissue: Example Staining for Microglia and Neurons

Immunohistochemistry is a widely used technique for detecting the presence, location, and relative abundance of antigens in situ. This introductory level protocol describes the reagents, equipment, and techniques required to complete immunohistochemical staining of rodent brain tissue, using markers for microglia and neuronal elements as an example. Specifically, this paper is a step-by-step protocol for fluorescent visualization of microglia and neurons via immunohistochemistry for Iba1 and Pan-neuronal, respectively. Fluorescence double-labeling is particularly useful for the localization of multiple proteins within the same sample, providing the opportunity to accurately observe interactions between cell types, receptors, ligands, and/or the extracellular matrix in relation to one another as well as protein co-localization within a single cell. Unlike other visualization techniques, fluorescence immunohistochemistry staining intensity may decrease in the weeks to months following staining, unless appropriate precautions are taken. Despite this limitation, in many applications fluorescence double-labeling is preferred over alternatives such as 3,3&#39;-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB) or alkaline phosphatase (AP), as fluorescence is more time efficient and allows for more precise differentiation between two or more markers. The discussion includes troubleshooting tips and advice to promote success.

This introductory level protocol describes the reagents, equipment, and techniques required to complete immunohistochemical staining of rodent brains, using markers for microglia and neuronal elements as an example.

פריימר לאימונוהיסטוכימיה על רקמות Cryosectioned מוח חולדה: דוגמא להכתמת Microglia ונוירונים

Immunohistochemistry is a widely used technique for detecting the presence, location, and relative abundance of antigens in situ. This introductory level ...

Preparation of Non-human Primate Brain Tissue for Pre-embedding Immunohistochemistry and Electron Microscopy

Despite all the technological advances at the light microscopy&#160;level, electron microscopy remains the only tool in neuroscience to examine and characterize ultrastructural and morphological details of neurons, such as synaptic contacts. Good preservation of brain tissue for electron microscopy can be obtained by rigorous cryo-fixation methods, but these techniques are rather costly and limit the use of immunolabeling, which is crucial to understand the connectivity of identified neuronal systems. Freeze-substitution methods have been developed to allow the combination of cryo-fixation with immunolabeling. However, the reproducibility of these methodological approaches usually relies on costly freezing devices. Moreover, achieving reliable results with this technique is very time-consuming and skill-challenging. Hence, the traditional chemically fixed brain, particularly with acrolein fixative, remains a time-efficient and low-cost method to combine electron microscopy with immunohistochemistry. Here, we provide a reliable experimental protocol using chemical acrolein fixation that leads to the preservation of primate brain tissue and is compatible with pre-embedding immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopic examination.

Here, we provide an easy, low-cost, and time-efficient protocol to chemically fix primate brain tissue with acrolein fixative, allowing for long-term preservation that is compatible with pre-embedding immunohistochemistry for transmission electron microscopy.

הכנה של רקמת מוח הפרימאטים לא-אנושית עבור טרום הטבעת אימונוהיסטוכימיה ו מיקרוסקופי אלקטרונים

Despite all the technological advances at the light microscopy&#160;level, electron microscopy remains the only tool in neuroscience to examine and ...

Preparation of Mouse Retinal Cryo-sections for Immunohistochemistry

Preparation of high-quality mouse eye sections for immunohistochemistry (IHC) is critical for assessing the retinal structure and function and for determining the mechanisms underlying retinal diseases. Maintaining structural integrity throughout the tissue preparation is vital for obtaining reproducible retinal IHC data but can be challenging due to the fragility and complexity of retinal cytoarchitecture. Strong fixatives like 10% formalin or Bouin's solution optimally preserve the retinal structure, they often impede IHC analysis by enhancing the background fluorescence and/or diminishing antibody-epitope interactions, a process known as epitope masking. Milder fixatives, on the other hand, like 4% paraformaldehyde, reduces background fluorescence and epitope-masking, meticulous dissection techniques must be utilized to preserve the retinal structure. In this article, we present a comprehensive method to prepare mouse ocular posterior cups for IHC that is sufficient to preserve most antibody-epitope interactions without loss of retinal structural integrity. We include representative IHC with antibodies to various retinal cell type markers to illustrate tissue preservation and orientation under optimal and sub-optimal conditions. Our goal is to optimize IHC studies of the retina by providing a complete protocol from ocular posterior cup dissection to IHC.

This report describes comprehensive methods for preparing frozen mouse retina sections for immunohistochemistry (IHC). Methods described include dissection of the ocular posterior cup, paraformaldehyde fixation, embedding in Optimal Cutting Temperature (OCT) media and tissue orientation, sectioning and immunostaining.

הכנת שאיפה של העכבר רשתית-סעיפים עבור אימונוהיסטוכימיה

Preparation of high-quality mouse eye sections for immunohistochemistry (IHC) is critical for assessing the retinal structure and function and for ...

Assessment of Long-term Depression Induction in Adult Cerebellar Slices

Synaptic plasticity provides a mechanism for learning and memory. For cerebellar motor learning, long-term depression (LTD) of synaptic transmissions from parallel fibers (PF) to Purkinje cells (PC) is considered the basis for motor learning, and deficiencies of both LTD and motor learning are observed in various gene-manipulated animals. Common motor learning sets, such as adaptation of the optokinetic reflex (OKR), the vestibular-ocular reflex (VOR), and rotarod test were used for evaluation of motor learning ability. However, results obtained from the GluA2-carboxy terminus modified knock-in mice demonstrated normal adaptation of the VOR and the OKR, despite lacking PF-LTD. In that report, induction of LTD was only attempted using one type of stimulation protocol at room temperature. Thus, conditions to induce cerebellar LTD were explored in the same knock-in mutants using various protocols at near physiological temperature. Finally, we found stimulation protocols, by which LTD could be induced in these gene-manipulated mice. In this study, a set of protocols are proposed to evaluate LTD-induction, which will more accurately allow examination of the causal relationship between LTD and motor learning. In conclusion, experimental conditions are crucial when evaluating LTD in gene-manipulated mice.

In some gene-manipulated animals, using a single protocol may fail to induce LTD in cerebellar Purkinje cells, and there may be a discrepancy between LTD and motor learning. Multiple protocols are necessary to assess LTD-induction in gene-manipulated animals. Standard protocols are shown.

הערכה של האינדוקציה לטווח ארוך של דיכאון פרוסות למבוגרים בלבד

Synaptic plasticity provides a mechanism for learning and memory. For cerebellar motor learning, long-term depression (LTD) of synaptic transmissions from ...

Combining Multiplex Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization with Fluorescent Immunohistochemistry on Fresh Frozen or Fixed Mouse Brain Sections

Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) is a molecular technique that identifies the presence and spatial distribution of specific RNA transcripts within cells. Neurochemical phenotyping of functionally identified neurons usually requires concurrent labelling with multiple antibodies (targeting protein) using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and optimization of in situ hybridization (targeting RNA), in tandem. A &#34;neurochemical signature&#34; to characterize particular neurons may be achieved however complicating factors include the need to verify FISH and IHC targets before combining the methods, and the limited number of RNAs and proteins that may be targeted simultaneously within the same tissue section.
Here we describe a protocol, using both fresh frozen and fixed mouse brain preparations, which detects multiple mRNAs and proteins in the same brain section using RNAscope FISH followed by fluorescence immunostaining, respectively. We use the combined method to describe the expression pattern of low abundance mRNAs (e.g., galanin receptor 1) and high abundance mRNAs (e.g., glycine transporter 2), in immunohistochemically identified brainstem nuclei.
Key considerations for protein labelling downstream of the FISH assay extend beyond tissue preparation and optimization of FISH probe labelling. For example, we found that antibody binding and labelling specificity can be detrimentally affected by the protease step within the FISH probe assay. Proteases catalyze hydrolytic cleavage of peptide bonds, facilitating FISH probe entry into cells, however they may also digest the protein targeted by the subsequent IHC assay, producing off target binding. The subcellular location of the targeted protein is another factor contributing to IHC success following FISH probe assay. We observed IHC specificity to be retained when the targeted protein is membrane bound, whereas IHC targeting cytoplasmic protein required extensive troubleshooting. Finally, we found handling of slide-mounted fixed frozen tissue more challenging than fresh frozen tissue, however IHC quality was overall better with fixed frozen tissue, when combined with RNAscope.

Combining Multiplex Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization with Fluorescent Immunohistochemistry on Fresh Frozen or Fixed Mouse Brain Sections

This protocol describes a method for combining fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and fluorescence immunohistochemistry (IHC) in both fresh frozen and fixed mouse brain sections, with the goal of achieving multilabel FISH and fluorescence IHC signal. IHC targeted cytoplasmic and membrane attached proteins.

שילוב של הכלאה פלואורסצנטית באתרו עם אימונוהיסטוכימיה פלואורסצנטית על חלקי מוח טריים של עכברים קפואים או קבועים

Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) is a molecular technique that identifies the presence and spatial distribution of specific RNA transcripts within ...

Cell-Type Specific Protein Purification and Identification from Complex Tissues Using a Mutant Methionine tRNA Synthetase Mouse Line

Understanding protein homeostasis in vivo is key to knowing how the cells work in both physiological and disease conditions. The present protocol describes in vivo labeling and subsequent purification of newly synthesized proteins using an engineered mouse line to direct protein labeling to specific cellular populations. It is an inducible line by Cre recombinase expression of L274G-Methionine tRNA synthetase (MetRS*), enabling azidonorleucine (ANL) incorporation to the proteins, which otherwise will not occur. Using the method described here, it is possible to purify cell-type-specific proteomes labeled in vivo and detect subtle changes in protein content due to sample complexity reduction.

This protocol describes how to perform cell-type-specific protein labeling with azidonorleucine (ANL) using a mouse line expressing a mutant L274G-Methionine tRNA synthetase (MetRS*) and the necessary steps for labeled cell-type-specific proteins isolation. We outline two possible ANL administration routes in live mice by (1) drinking water and (2) intraperitoneal injections.