NIHは、HL-10342でサポートされている。

1。手順の準備一つは、最初に以下のアイテムを入手し、準備する必要があります。 <ol><li> カニューレ。20〜35グラムのマウスの気管内挿管については、我々は長い1または1.5インチ、20ゲージの静脈カテーテル（BD Insylte、スパークス、MDまたはJelco Optiva、Carlsbad、CA）を使用しています。新しい滅菌カテーテルを各マウスに使用することができますが、カテーテルはまた一晩70％エタノールに浸漬することにより、滅菌後に再使用することができます。マウスの咽頭気管もどちらも滅菌手袋や楽器の使用を含め、適切な無菌の清浄度の手続きであるが、従わなければならない。 </li><li> 光ファイバーケーブルは、我 々は、エドモンド·オプティクスから0.5mmの≈70センチメートル光ケーブルを使用していますが、長さは重要ではありません。これは、カミソリで長さにケーブルを切断した後、エッジは比較的鋭い残されているので繊維は、その縁平滑化を持っていることを確認することが重要であり、それは気管壁を貫通するくらいの努力を取ることはありません。しかし、私はの端から約2cmファイバを保持してから、千グリットのエメリー紙（の映像と図1のデモンストレーションをご覧に触れるなど先端の縁に数秒間小さな円を作ることで、この縁を滑らかにするのは非常に簡単マクドナルドら 10）。もう一方の端はゴム栓に挿通されている。これは、最も簡単にまず針を引っ込める、ストッパーを介して、18ゲージの針を押し込み、針穴を通して光ファイバを挿入することによって達成される。ゴム栓は、150ワットのハロゲン光源（ 例えば 、NCL-150、ボルピ米国、またはその他の、光源、偶数未満150ワット）に接続されている。暑い光源に近いので位置する場合は通常のゴムやコルクが燃えるかもしれないので、シリコーンゴム（または他の耐熱性材料）で作られたストッパーを使用することを確認することが重要です。 </li></ol> 2。挿管を行う<ol><li> 図1と図2を参照してください。光ファイバケーブルtを挿入hroughシリコーンゴムチューブの短い曲（≈0.8ミリメートル内径x外径4ミリメートル、コール - パーマー、EW-96410から13）。まだ光ファイバケーブルを調整することを可能にしながら、かなりタイトなこのゴムチューブを接続します。カニューレのルアー終わりにぴったりのシリコンチューブを挿入するカニューレ内部の光ファイバ·ケーブルの位置を修正しています。それがカニューレ先端の前にカニューレ≈4ミリメートルを通って延びるように、ファイバーオプティックケーブルの位置を調整します。 </li><li>その上顎（ 図3）によって中断され、垂直支持に麻酔マウスを置きます。ほとんどの研究者は、自分自身が直面しているマウスの腹側で最高の可視化を見つける。非常に優しく舌を引き出し、親指と人差し指で押したままにします。中指は首とプラスチック支持体との間に配置されます。人差し指と親指で舌の上でトラクションが口を開こうと、挿管経路をまっすぐにするために使用され、ヘッドの角度は、首の後ろに中指で調整されている図3に示す。 </li><li>光源および導入として光ファイバケーブルを使用して、可視化声帯を通してそれをプッシュする。コー​​ドが表示されていない場合は、そっとサポートとして中指を使って舌の上で懸命に引っ張る。挿入されると、さらにカニューレ≈5ミリメートルを進める。その後、 カニューレを移動しないように非常に注意して、光ファイバケーブルを引き出す。マウスを横になってテープでカニューレを固定すると、 図4に示すようにプラスチシン（モデリングクレイ）の作品にカニューレハブをサポートしています。 </li><li>それはソロの操作ですので、ステップ3の手順を簡単に教えたりさえ、例証することはできません。しかし、舌と頭の後ろのサポートのトラクションの微妙な調整によりほぼこれを試した全ての人はすぐに声帯を視覚化するためにマウスを置くための正しい方法を見つける。 </li></ol>

<ol>
	<li>Brown, R. H., Walters, D. M., Greenberg, R. S., Mitzner, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+method+of+endotracheal+intubation+and+pulmonary+functional+assessment+for+repeated+studies+in+mice.">A method of endotracheal intubation and pulmonary functional assessment for repeated studies in mice.</a> J. Appl. Physiol. 87, 2362-2365 (1999).</li><li>Walters, D. M., Wills-Karp, M., Mitzner, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Assessment+of+cellular+profile+and+lung+function+with+repeated+bronchoalveolar+lavage+in+individual+mice.">Assessment of cellular profile and lung function with repeated bronchoalveolar lavage in individual mice.</a> Physiol. Genomics. 2, 29-36 (2000).</li><li>Rivera, B., Miller, S., Brown, E., Price, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+novel+method+for+endotracheal+intubation+of+mice+and+rats+used+in+imaging+studies.">A novel method for endotracheal intubation of mice and rats used in imaging studies.</a> Contemporary Topics in Laboratory Animal Science / American Association for Laboratory Animal Science. 44, 52-55 (2005).</li><li>Hamacher, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microscopic+wire+guide-based+orotracheal+mouse+intubation:+description,+evaluation+and+comparison+with+transillumination.">Microscopic wire guide-based orotracheal mouse intubation: description, evaluation and comparison with transillumination.</a> Laboratory Animals. 42, 222-230 (2008).</li><li>Spoelstra, E. N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+novel+and+simple+method+for+endotracheal+intubation+of+mice.">A novel and simple method for endotracheal intubation of mice.</a> Laboratory Animals. 41, 128-135 (2007).</li><li>Zhao, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+technique+for+retrograde+intubation+in+mice.">A technique for retrograde intubation in mice.</a> Lab Animal. 35, 39-42 (2006).</li><li>Vergari, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+new+method+of+orotracheal+intubation+in+mice.">A new method of orotracheal intubation in mice.</a> European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences. 8, 103-106 (2004).</li><li>Vergari, A., Polito, A., Musumeci, M., Palazzesi, S., Marano, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Video-assisted+orotracheal+intubation+in+mice.">Video-assisted orotracheal intubation in mice.</a> Laboratory Animals. 37, 204-206 (2003).</li><li>Hastings, R. H., Summers-Torres, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Direct+Laryngoscopy+in+Mice.">Direct Laryngoscopy in Mice.</a> Contemporary Topics in Laboratory Animal Science / American Association for Laboratory Animal Science. 38, 33-35 (1999).</li><li>MacDonald, K. D., Chang, H. Y., Mitzner, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+improved+simple+method+of+mouse+lung+intubation.">An improved simple method of mouse lung intubation.</a> J. Appl. Physiol. 106, 984-987 (2009).</li><li>Ewart, S. L., Levitt, R. C., Mitzner, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Respiratory+system+mechanics+in+mice+measured+by+end-inflation+occlusion.">Respiratory system mechanics in mice measured by end-inflation occlusion.</a> Journal of Applied Physiology. 79, 560-566 (1995).</li><li>MacDonald, K. D., McKenzie, K. R., Mitzner, W., Zeitlin, P. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lung+Mechanics+in+Heterozygous+CF+Mice+after+Repeated+LPS+Dosing.">Lung Mechanics in Heterozygous CF Mice after Repeated LPS Dosing.</a> Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 175 (4), A930 (2007).</li></ol>

執筆者はいずれも、開示する利益相反はありません。

ここで説明する手順では、いくつかの利点があります。最初の装置はシンプルで比較的安価である..装置の製作は、特別なツールや高価な設備を必要としません。カテーテルの使用はまた、光源が一つは紹介者が気管開口部に近​​づくにつれて、気管開口部の視力を失うことがないことを意味していることを紹介しています。 0.5ミリメートル導入器の使用はまた、大規模なカニューレの最?...

1999年には、ブラウンらは、マウス肺1の挿管のための方法を説明する論文を発表した。このような技術は、縦断的研究2における個々のマウスにおける反復肺機能や気管支肺胞洗浄を行う際に、かなりのユーティリティを持っています。そのオリジナルの紙なので、マウス挿管3月9日に異なるアプローチを説明してきた他のいくつかの論文があった。これらの方法のすべてが正常に使用できますが、彼らは通常、かなりのトレーニングやコストを必要とします。そのような挿管の主な問題の一つは、挿管カニューレが近づくにつれて気管保留中の挿入に近づく、カニューレ自体が故に光、それが行く必要がどこの可視化を阻止することである。したがって、挿入が最も重要な時期にあるブラインドになります。本稿では、それによって、比較的少ないトレーニングで成功した挿管を確保するか、または、簡単かつ安価この可視化の問題を解消する方法を示し経験。

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> 材料 </td><td> 会社 </td><td> カタログ＃ </td><td> コメント </td></tr><tr><td>挿管カニューレ</td><td> BD Insylte、スパークス、MDまたはJelco Optiva、カールスバッド、カリフォルニア州</td><td></td><td> 1インチの長さの、20ゲージの静脈内（IV）カテーテル</td></tr><tr><td>光ファイバー·ケーブル</td><td>エドモンド·オプティクス、バーリントン、ニュージャージー州</td><td> ＃NT02-542 </td><td> 0.5mmの光ファイバー（通信グレードのプラスチック繊維）の約2フィートの長さ。気管内に挿入されたファイバ端の縁がやさしく≈2 CMエンドからファイバを保持した後、1000グリットエモリー紙に数秒間先端をドラッグしながら小さな円を作って丸めなければならない。 </td></tr><tr><td>光源</td><td>ボルピ</td><td> NCL-150 </td><td>私たちも、はるかに低いワット数150 Wのハロゲン光源は任意の同等な光源を使用していますが使用することができます。 </td></tr><tr><td>シリコーンゴム栓</td><td></td><td></td><td>第1位シリコーンゴム栓はこのデモで使用される光源に適合します。異なる光源は異なるサイズを必要とするかもしれません。 </td></tr><tr><td>小さいシリコーンゴムチューブ</td><td>コー​​ル - パーマー</td><td> EW-96410から13 </td><td>シリコーンゴムチューブの≈1.5センチメートルピース（0.8内径4ミリメートル外径） </td></tr><tr><td>アングルド支持スタンド</td><td></td><td></td><td>我々は、プレキシガラスからconstuctedされていますが、スレッドまたはワイヤーがほぼ垂直の角度でマウスを保持するために貼り付けることができるため、任意の材料を用いることができる。 </td></tr></tbody></table>

a simple method of mouse lung intubation

肺機能測定のためのマウスを挿管するための簡単​​な手順では、限られた数字や高価な動物との縦断的研究では、いくつかの利点を持っているでしょう。これは、より日常的に行われていないことを理由の一つは、それを達成するための方法を説明するいくつか発表された研究があるにもかかわらず、相対的に難しいということです。本稿では、挿管の全体の時間の間に気管を可視化することが、この挿管​​に関連する主要なハードルの一つを排除する手順を示しています。アプローチは、マウスの気管内に挿管カニューレを指示するイントロデューサとして機能0.5ミリメートルファイバーオプティックライトソースを使用します。我々は、それが少なくとも数週間の時間経過とともに、個々のマウスの肺メカニクスを測定するためにこのプロシージャを使用することが可能であることを示している。技術は、比較的少ない費用と専門知識を使用して設定することができ、それが日常的に比較的少しのトレーニングで達成することができる。これは、MAKべき日常的にこの挿管を行うために、任意の実験室のための可能な電子ば、それによって個々のマウスにおける縦断的研究、それによって必要とされるマウスの数を最小限にし、独自のコントロールとして、それぞれのマウスを使用して統計的検出力を増加させることを可能にする。

方法の評価として、我々は27.7の平均重量（±SEM）±0.40 gで4つの20週齢の雄BALB / cマウスを使用していました。彼らは肺抵抗が以前11に記載されているように 、システムを用いて測定した5週連続、について調査を行った。各マウスは、IP注射を介して生理食塩水にケタミン（100μg/ gでBW）およびキシラジン（15μg/ gで、BW）で麻酔しました。上記のように彼らはその後挿管...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Simple Method of Mouse Lung Intubation at JoVE.com

A Simple Method of Mouse Lung Intubation

本論文では、マウスが回復することを可能にし、それ以降の回で学んだことが肺機能測定や肺点滴用のマウスを挿管のstriaghforwardかつ効率的な方法を説明します。手続きは、直接気管を照らす安価な光ファイバ光源を必要とする。

マウス肺挿管の簡単な方法

A  simple procedure to intubate mice for pulmonary function measurements would  have several advantages in longitudinal studies with limited numbers or  ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

50.5K ビュー.  Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. 本論文では、マウスが回復することを可能にし、それ以降の回で学んだことが肺機能測定や肺点滴用のマウスを挿管のstriaghforwardかつ効率的な方法を説明します。手続きは、直接気管を照らす安価な光ファイバ光源を必要とする。

ビデオ: A Simple Method of Mouse Lung Intubation

A Model of Disturbed Flow-Induced Atherosclerosis in Mouse Carotid Artery by Partial Ligation and a Simple Method of RNA Isolation from Carotid Endothelium

Despite the well-known close association, direct evidence linking disturbed flow to atherogenesis has been lacking. We have recently used a modified version of carotid partial ligation methods [1,2] to show that it acutely induces low and oscillatory flow conditions, two key characteristics of disturbed flow, in the mouse common carotid artery. Using this model, we have provided direct evidence that disturbed flow indeed leads to rapid and robust atherosclerosis development in Apolipoprotein E knockout mouse [3]. We also developed a method of endothelial RNA preparation with high purity from the mouse carotid intima [3]. Using this mouse model and method, we found that partial ligation causes endothelial dysfunction in a week, followed by robust and rapid atheroma formation in two weeks in a hyperlipidemic mouse model along with features of complex lesion formation such as intraplaque neovascularization by four weeks. This rapid in vivo model and the endothelial RNA preparation method could be used to determine molecular mechanisms underlying flow-dependent regulation of vascular biology and diseases. Also, it could be used to test various therapeutic interventions targeting endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in considerably reduced study duration.

This describes a partial carotid ligation surgery, which causes disturbed flow conditions and subsequent atherosclerosis development (in two weeks) with intraplaque neo-vascularization (in four weeks) in the mouse common carotid artery. We also describe a novel method of RNA isolation from the carotid intima, providing high purity endothelial RNA.

部分的ライゲーションによるマウス頸動脈における乱流誘発アテローム性動脈硬化症と頸動脈内皮からのRNA単離の方法における簡便な方法のモデル

Despite the well-known close association, direct evidence linking disturbed flow to atherogenesis has been lacking. We have recently used a modified ...

医学

Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation

Fiberoptic intubation in pediatric patients is often required especially in difficult airways of syndromic patients i.e. Pierre Robin Syndrome. Small babies will desaturate very quickly if ventilation is interrupted mainly to high metabolic rate. We describe guidelines to perform a safe fiberoptic intubation while maintaining spontaneous breathing throughout the procedure. Steps requiring the use of propofol pump, fentanyl, glycopyrrolate, red rubber catheter, metal insuflation hook, afrin, lubricant and lidocaine spray are shown.

We describe guidelines to perform a safe and efficient elective fiberoptic intubation in pediatric patients while maintaining spontaneous ventilation.

選択科目小児光ファイバー挿管のためのガイドライン

Fiberoptic intubation in pediatric patients is often required especially in difficult airways of syndromic patients i.e. Pierre Robin Syndrome. Small ...

A Simple Guide Screw Method for Intracranial Xenograft Studies in Mice

The grafting of human tumor cells into the brain of immunosuppressed mice is an established method for the study of brain cancers including glioblastoma (glioma) and medulloblastoma. The widely used stereotactic approach only allows for the injection of a single animal at a time, is labor intensive and requires highly specialized equipment. The guide screw method, initially developed by Lal et al.,1 was developed to eliminate cumbersome stereotactic procedures. We now describe a modified guide screw approach that is rapid and exceptionally safe; both of which are critical ethical considerations. Notably, our procedure now incorporates an infusion pump that allows up to 10 animals to be simultaneously injected with tumor cells.
To demonstrate the utility of this procedure, we established human U87MG glioma cells as intracranial xenografts in mice, which were then treated with AMG102; a fully human antibody directed to HGF/scatter factor currently undergoing clinical evaluation2-5. Systemic injection of AMG102 significantly prolonged the survival of all mice with intracranial U87MG xenografts and resulted in a number of complete cures. 
This study demonstrates that the guide screw method is an inexpensive, highly reproducible approach for establishing intracranial xenografts. Furthermore, it provides a relevant physiological model for validating novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of brain cancers.

In order to evaluate novel therapeutic paradigms for the treatment of glioma, physiological relevant models are essential. We utilize an implantable guide screw procedure for establishment of intracranial xenograft models that is more rapid and safer than stereotactic approaches.

マウスにおける頭蓋内異種移植研究のための簡単​​なガイドスクリュー方式

The grafting of human tumor cells into the brain of immunosuppressed mice is an established method for the study of brain cancers including glioblastoma ...

Noninvasive Intratracheal Intubation to Study the Pathology and Physiology of Mouse Lung

The use of a model that mimics the condition of lung diseases in humans is critical for studying the pathophysiology and/or etiology of a particular disease and for developing therapeutic intervention. With the increasing availability of knockout and transgenic derivatives, together with a vast amount of genetic information, mice provide one of the best models to study the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathology and physiology of lung diseases. Inhalation, intranasal instillation, intratracheal instillation, and intratracheal intubation are the most widely used techniques by a number of investigators to administer materials of interest to mouse lungs. There are pros and cons for each technique depending on the goals of a study. Here a noninvasive intratracheal intubation method that can directly deliver exogenous materials to mouse lungs is presented. This technique was applied to administer bleomycin to mouse lungs as a model to study pulmonary fibrosis.

The use of a model that mimics the condition of lung diseases in humans is critical for studying the pathophysiology and/or etiology of a particular disease and for developing therapeutic intervention. Here a noninvasive intratracheal intubation method that can directly deliver exogenous materials to mouse lungs is presented.

マウス肺の病理生理学を研究するための非侵襲的気管内挿管

The use of a model that mimics the condition of lung diseases in humans is critical for studying the pathophysiology and/or etiology of a particular ...

Implantation of Fibrin Gel on Mouse Lung to Study Lung-specific Angiogenesis

Recent significant advances in stem cell research and bioengineering techniques have made great progress in utilizing biomaterials to regenerate and repair damage in simple tissues in the orthopedic and periodontal fields. However, attempts to regenerate the structures and functions of more complex three-dimensional (3D) organs such as lungs have not been very successful because the biological processes of organ regeneration have not been well explored. It is becoming clear that angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, plays key roles in organ regeneration. Newly formed vasculatures not only deliver oxygen, nutrients and various cell components that are required for organ regeneration but also provide instructive signals to the regenerating local tissues. Therefore, to successfully regenerate lungs in an adult, it is necessary to recapitulate the lung-specific microenvironments in which angiogenesis drives regeneration of local lung tissues. Although conventional in vivo angiogenesis assays, such as subcutaneous implantation of extracellular matrix (ECM)-rich hydrogels (e.g., fibrin or collagen gels or Matrigel - ECM protein mixture secreted by Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm mouse sarcoma cells), are extensively utilized to explore the general mechanisms of angiogenesis, lung-specific angiogenesis has not been well characterized because methods for orthotopic implantation of biomaterials in the lung have not been well established. The goal of this protocol is to introduce a unique method to implant fibrin gel on the lung surface of living adult mouse, allowing for the successful recapitulation of host lung-derived angiogenesis inside the gel. This approach enables researchers to explore the mechanisms by which the lung-specific microenvironment controls angiogenesis and alveolar regeneration in both normal and pathological conditions. Since implanted biomaterials release and supply physical and chemical signals to adjacent lung tissues, implantation of these biomaterials on diseased lung can potentially normalize the adjacent diseased tissues, enabling researchers to develop new therapeutic approaches for various types of lung diseases.

Recapitulation of the organ-specific microenvironment, which stimulates local angiogenesis, is indispensable for successful regeneration of damaged tissues. This report demonstrates a novel method to implant fibrin gels on the lung surface of living mouse in order to explore how the lung-specific microenvironment modulates angiogenesis and alveolar regeneration in adult mouse.

肺特異的血管形成を研究するためにマウスの肺にフィブリンゲルの移植

Recent significant advances in stem cell research and bioengineering techniques have made great progress in utilizing biomaterials to regenerate and ...

Intubation-mediated Intratracheal (IMIT) Instillation: A Noninvasive, Lung-specific Delivery System

Respiratory disease studies typically involve the use of murine models as surrogate systems. However, there are significant physiologic differences between the murine and human respiratory systems, especially in their upper respiratory tracts (URT). In some models, these differences in the murine nasal cavity can have a significant impact on disease progression and presentation in the lower respiratory tract (LRT) when using intranasal instillation techniques, potentially limiting the usefulness of the mouse model to study these diseases. For these reasons, it would be advantageous to develop a technique to instill bacteria directly into the mouse lungs in order to study LRT disease in the absence of involvement of the URT. We have termed this lung specific delivery technique intubation-mediated intratracheal (IMIT) instillation. This noninvasive technique minimizes the potential for instillation into the bloodstream, which can occur during more invasive traditional surgical intratracheal infection approaches, and limits the possibility of incidental digestive tract delivery. IMIT is a two-step process in which mice are first intubated, with an intermediate step to ensure correct catheter placement into the trachea, followed by insertion of a blunt needle into the catheter to mediate direct delivery of bacteria into the lung. This approach facilitates a &#62;98% efficacy of delivery into the lungs with excellent distribution of reagent throughout the lung. Thus, IMIT represents a novel approach to study LRT disease and therapeutic delivery directly into the lung, improving upon the ability to use mice as surrogates to study human respiratory disease. Furthermore, the accuracy and reproducibility of this delivery system also makes it amenable to Good Laboratory Practice Standards (GLPS), as well as delivery of a wide range of reagents which require high efficiency delivery to the lung.

Intubation-mediated Intratracheal IMIT Instillation: A Noninvasive, Lung-specific Delivery System

Intubation-mediated intratracheal (IMIT) instillation of reagents is an excellent, noninvasive method for studying respiratory disease, as well as a method for instilling therapeutic reagents directly into the lung. It is a rapid and highly reproducible method which is suitable for preclinical testing.

挿管媒介気管内（IMIT）点眼：非侵襲的、肺特異的送達システム

Respiratory disease studies typically involve the use of murine models as surrogate systems. However, there are significant physiologic differences ...

Mouse Pneumonectomy Model of Compensatory Lung Growth

In humans, disrupted repair and remodeling of injured lung contributes to a host of acute and chronic lung disorders which may ultimately lead to disability or death. Injury-based animal models of lung repair and regeneration are limited by injury-specific responses making it difficult to differentiate changes related to the injury response and injury resolution from changes related to lung repair and lung regeneration. However, use of animal models to identify these repair and regeneration signaling pathways is critical to the development of new therapies aimed at improving pulmonary function following lung injury. The mouse pneumonectomy model utilizes compensatory lung growth to isolate those repair and regeneration signals in order to more clearly define mechanisms of alveolar re-septation. Here, we describe our technique for performing mouse pneumonectomy and sham pneumonectomy. This technique may be utilized in conjunction with lineage tracing or other transgenic mouse models to define molecular and cellular mechanism of lung repair and regeneration.

Mouse pneumonectomy is a commonly employed model of compensatory lung growth. This procedure can be used in conjunction with lineage tracing or transgenic mouse models to elucidate underlying mechanisms.

代償肺の成長のマウス肺モデル

In humans, disrupted repair and remodeling of injured lung contributes to a host of acute and chronic lung disorders which may ultimately lead to ...

Method of Isolated Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion in a Rat Model: Lessons Learned from Developing a Rat EVLP Program

The number of acceptable donor lungs available for lung transplantation is severely limited due to poor quality. Ex-Vivo Lung Perfusion (EVLP) has allowed lung transplantation in humans to become more readily available by enabling the ability to assess organs and expand the donor pool. As this technology expands and improves, the ability to potentially evaluate and improve the quality of substandard lungs prior to transplant is a critical need. In order to more rigorously evaluate these approaches, a reproducible animal model needs to be established that would allow for testing of improved techniques and management of the donated lungs as well as to the lung-transplant recipient. In addition, an EVLP animal model of associated pathologies, e.g., ventilation induced lung injury (VILI), would provide a novel method to evaluate treatments for these pathologies. Here, we describe the development of a rat EVLP lung program and refinements to this method that allow for a reproducible model for future expansion. We also describe the application of this EVLP system to model VILI in rat lungs. The goal is to provide the research community with key information and &#8220;pearls of wisdom&#8221;/techniques that arose from trial and error and are critical to establishing an EVLP system that is robust and reproducible.

Method of Isolated Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion in a Rat Model: Lessons Learned from Developing a Rat EVLP Program

Ex-Vivo Lung Perfusion (EVLP) has allowed lung transplantation in humans to become more readily available by enabling the ability to assess organs and expand the donor pool. Here, we describe the development of a rat EVLP program and refinements that allow for a reproducible model for future expansion.

孤立の方法<em&gt;エクスビボ</emラットモデルにおける&gt;肺灌流：ラットEVLPプログラムの開発の教訓

The number of acceptable donor lungs available for lung transplantation is severely limited due to poor quality. Ex-Vivo Lung Perfusion (EVLP) has allowed ...

A Simple Device to Rapidly Prepare Whole Mounts of the Mouse Intestine

Preparing whole mounts of the mouse small intestine and colon for subsequent analysis or quantification can be time consuming and difficult. We describe the use of a simple device to cut and &#8216;roll&#8217; mouse intestines to rapidly prepare whole mount preparations of superior and uniform quality to that which can be achieved by hand. The device comprises a base that holds 4 stainless steel rods and a top, which acts a cutting guide. The rods are inserted into the lumen of the small intestine [divided into thirds] and the colon. The rods and samples are then placed over a piece of filter paper or card into the holding slots in the base of the device. The top of the device is then positioned and serves as a cutting guide. The two angled sections in the center of the top piece are used to guide a knife or scalpel and cut the intestines longitudinally on the top of the rods. Once the intestinal sections have been cut, the top is removed and the card,&#160;tissue and rods gently removed from the device and placed on the bench. The rods are then gently rolled sideways to flatten and stick the intestinal segments onto the underlying piece of filter paper or card. The final preparation can then be examined or fixed and stored for later analysis. The preparations are invaluable for the study of intestinal changes in normal or genetically modified mouse models. The preparations have been used for the study and quantification of the effects of inflammation (colitis), damage, pre-cancerous lesions (aberrant crypt foci (ACFs) and mucin depleted foci (MDFs)) and polyps or tumors.

The use of a simple device to cut and &#8216;roll&#8217; mouse intestines to rapidly prepare whole mount preparations is described.

急速にマウス腸のホールマウントを準備するための簡単​​な装置

Preparing whole mounts of the mouse small intestine and colon for subsequent analysis or quantification can be time consuming and difficult. We describe ...

An Improved Method for Rapid Intubation of the Trachea in Mice

Despite some anatomical and physiological differences, mouse models continue to be an essential tool for studying human lung disease. Bleomycin toxicity is a commonly used model to study both acute lung injury and fibrosis, and multiple methods have been developed for administering bleomycin (and other toxic agents) into the lungs. However, many of these approaches, such as transtracheal instillation, have inherent drawbacks, including the need for strong anesthetics and survival surgery. This paper reports a quick, reproducible method of intratracheal intubation that involves mild inhaled anesthesia, visualization of the trachea, and the use of a surrogate spirometer to confirm exposure. As a proof of concept, 8-12 week old C57BL/6 mice were administered either 2.0 U/kg of bleomycin or an equivalent volume of PBS, and both damage and fibrotic endpoints were measured post-exposure. This procedure allows researchers to treat a large cohort of mice in a relatively short period with little expense and minimal post-procedure care.

This article presents a rapid and simple method for administering bleomycin directly into the mouse trachea via intubation. Key advantages of this method are that it is highly reproducible, easy to master, and does not require specialized equipment or lengthy recovery times.

マウスの気管の迅速な挿管のための改善された方法

Despite some anatomical and physiological differences, mouse models continue to be an essential tool for studying human lung disease. Bleomycin toxicity ...