Este trabalho foi financiado em parte pela NCI prêmio 5R01CA133229-03.

1. Injeções de animais Antes da injeção intravenosa cauda veia, a pele da cauda devem ser limpas com álcool isopropílico esfrega para fins de esterilização. Ratos deve então ser injetado com 0,2 g de um mL/20 20 mg agente de contraste de iodo / mL iodado bloodpool (AIE 160XL; Binito Biomédica, Inc. Ottawa, ON, Canadá) através da veia da cauda distal utilizando o espaço morto baixo ½ CC U -100 28G ½ seringas de insulina (Produto # 329461, Becton Dickinson e companhia, NJ, EUA). 2. Preparação dos animais Após 10 minutos da injeção, os animais devem estar preparados para microCT imagem. Primeiro, o animal deve ser anestesiado em uma caixa com 2% de isoflurano em oxigênio a 100% a taxa de 2,5 litros por minuto. Uma pomada lubrificante ocular deve ser aplicado para evitar ressecamento das córneas durante a anestesia. Temperatura corporal deve ser mantida a 37 ° C por um almofadas de calor. 3. MicroCT Imagem Camundongos, em seguida, devem ser verificados em uma unidade microCT capaz de realizar exames de animais vivos. Para minimizar artefatos de movimento e estabilidade, os camundongos podem ser colocados em uma câmara comercialmente disponível modalidade multi (Numira Biosciences, Salt Lake City, UT), com possibilidade de ar e exaustão. Para evitar um episódio de hipotermia no animal durante as varreduras microCT, Pads Gel (Brace Terapia Hot Fria, CVS Pharmacy Woonsocket, RI), Toe Warmer (Fábrica de calor, Vista, CA) ou Pads Barro Thermipaq (Thermionics, Springfield, IL) pode ser utilizada. Coloque essas almofadas de aquecimento debaixo da cama de espuma para manter o rato a 37 ° C, evitando contato direto com o animal. Sinais vitais do animal, tais como a temperatura corporal, respiração e os batimentos cardíacos devem ser monitorados usando o Monitoramento de Pequenos Animais e Sistemas Gating como SA Instruments (Stony Brook, NY). O protocolo de imagem a seguir pode ser usado como um guia para ajudar a determinar os parâmetros de análise apropriada para qualquer microCT unidades. Os animais utilizados neste experimento foram digitalizadas em resolução de 93 mM em um scanner CT volumétrica GE explorar Locus (GE Healthcare, London, Ontario). Este scanner volumétrica usa um 3500 x 1750 detector CCD para Feldkamp reconstrução cone-beam. Os parâmetros plataforma independente do tempo de tensão, corrente e exposição foram mantidas constantes a 450 mA, 80 kVp e 100 ms, respectivamente. Os parâmetros padrão do tempo de exposição, frames per-view e número de pontos de vista pode ser variada e pode ser de 100 ms, 5-8 e 360-720, respectivamente, com tempo de varredura total de aproximadamente 20 minutos. As imagens foram reconstruídas com o software do fabricante EVSBeam proprietários. 4. Renderização de Imagem Os dados microCT reconstruída pode ser usado para avançados isosuperfície, unidimensional ou bidimensional transferência Imagens função de renderização usando o software de processamento de imagem Seg3D (Seg3D, <a href="http://www.sci.utah.edu/cibc/software">http://www.sci.utah.edu/cibc/software</a> ). 5. Resultados representante Por favor, veja a figura em anexo de um rato do tipo selvagem digitalizados com eXIA160XL com as definições mencionadas na seção métodos. <img src="/files/ftp_upload/2377/2377fig1.jpg" alt="Figura 1" /> Figura 1. Two-Dimensional Função de Transferência de imagem de renderização (2DTF) de um rato do tipo selvagem criado usando software de processamento de imagem Seg3D (Seg3D, <a href="http://www.sci.utah.edu/cibc/software">http://www.sci.utah.edu/cibc/software</a> ). O animal foi injetado com eXIA160XL e 10 minutos depois microCT digitalizados em 93 mM resolução isométrica com os ajustes mencionados na secção métodos. Vídeo 1. Two-Dimensional Função de Transferência de renderização (2DTF) com base 360 º Filme da rotação de um rato do tipo selvagem criado usando software de processamento de imagem Imagevis3D (Imagevis3D, http://www.sci.utah.edu/cibc/software). O animal foi injetado com eXIA160XL e 10 minutos depois microCT digitalizados em 93 mM resolução isométrica com os ajustes mencionados na secção métodos. <a href="/files/ftp_upload/2377/2377_Suresh_Prajapati_Representative_Results.mov">Clique aqui para assistir ao vídeo</a>

<ol>
	<li>Holdsworth, D. W., Thornton, M. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Micro-CT+in+small+animal+and+specimen+imaging.">Micro-CT in small animal and specimen imaging.</a> Trends in Biotechnology. 20, 417-424 (2002).</li><li>Kindlmann, G. L., Weinstein, D. M., Jones, G. M., Johnson, C. R., Capecchi, M. R., Keller, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Practical+Vessel+Imaging+by+Computed+Tomography+in+Live+Transgenic+Mouse+Models+for+Human+Tumors.">Practical Vessel Imaging by Computed Tomography in Live Transgenic Mouse Models for Human Tumors.</a> Molecular Imaging. 4, 417-424 (2005).</li></ol>

Todos os procedimentos com animais foram conduzidos de acordo com as Diretrizes para o Cuidado e Uso de Animais de Laboratório e foram aprovados pelo Institutional Animal Care e do Comitê de Uso (IACUC) da Universidade do Texas Health Science Center em San Antonio.

O objetivo principal desta técnica de contraste de imagem melhorada com o uso de navios microCT é proporcionar melhor método para a geração de conjuntos de dados de alta qualidade para análise de redes vascular em camundongos vivos. Para microCT de imagem, melhor relação sinal-ruído de tecido mole é alcançada por mais tempos de varredura com aumento do número de pontos de vista e número de frames per-view 2. Identificação do navio depende criticamente da identifica?...

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<td>eXIA 160XL</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Binito Biomedical, Inc.</td>
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contrast enhanced vessel imaging using microct

Microscópicas tomografia computadorizada (microCT) oferece imagens de alta resolução volumétrica da anatomia de animais vivos de pequeno porte. No entanto, o contraste entre diferentes tecidos moles e fluidos corporais é inerentemente pobres em micro-CT imagens 1. Nestas circunstâncias, a visualização dos vasos sanguíneos se torna uma tarefa quase impossível. Para superar isso e para melhorar a visualização dos vasos sanguíneos agentes de contraste exógeno pode ser usado. Aqui, apresentamos uma metodologia para a visualização da rede vascular em um modelo de roedores. Usando uma longa ação coloidal aquosa polidispersos contraste iodado sangue piscina, Exia 160XL, otimizamos os parâmetros de aquisição de imagem e volume renderização de técnicas para encontrar vasos sanguíneos em animais vivos. Nossos resultados sugerem que, para conseguir um contraste superior entre os ossos e tecidos moles da embarcação, vários quadros (pelo menos 5-8 / frames per-view), e 360-720 views (para um 360 ° de rotação) aquisições eram obrigatórias. Temos também demonstrou o uso de uma função de transferência bidimensional (onde a cor ea opacidade voxel foi atribuído na proporção CT valor e magnitude de gradiente), em visualizar a anatomia e destacando a estrutura de interesse, a rede de vasos sanguíneos. Este trabalho estabelece uma base promissora para a avaliação qualitativa e quantitativa de anti-angiogênese estudos pré-clínicos usando transgênicos ou xenoenxerto camundongos portadores de tumor.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Contrast Enhanced Vessel Imaging using MicroCT at JoVE.com

Contrast Enhanced Vessel Imaging using MicroCT

De contraste de imagem melhorada navio pequeno animal por microCT é uma resposta rápida, técnica de baixo custo e alto rendimento para a série<em&gt; In situ</em&gt; Exame para o desenvolvimento do tumor, para analisar a rede de vasos sangüíneos que nutrem eles, e para seguir a resposta dos tumores à intervenção terapêutica pré-clínicos (s).

Contraste de imagem aprimorada navio usando MicroCT

Microscopic computed tomography (microCT) offers high-resolution volumetric imaging of the anatomy of living small animals. However, the contrast between ...

contrast-enhanced-vessel-imaging-using-microct

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

12.5K visualizações.  University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. De contraste de imagem melhorada navio pequeno animal por microCT é uma resposta rápida, técnica de baixo custo e alto rendimento para a série In situ Exame para o desenvolvimento do tumor, para analisar a rede de vasos sangüíneos que nutrem eles, e para seguir a resposta dos tumores à intervenção terapêutica pré-clínicos (s).

Vídeo: Contrast Enhanced Vessel Imaging using MicroCT

In vivo Macrophage Imaging Using MR Targeted Contrast Agent for Longitudinal Evaluation of Septic Arthritis

Macrophages are key-cells in the initiation, the development and the regulation of the inflammatory response to bacterial infection. Macrophages are intensively and increasingly recruited in septic joints from the early phases of infection and the infiltration is supposed to regress once efficient removal of the pathogens is obtained. The ability to identify in vivo macrophage activity in an infected joint can therefore provide two main applications: early detection of acute synovitis and monitoring of therapy.
In vivo noninvasive detection of macrophages can be performed with magnetic resonance imaging using iron nanoparticles such as ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO). After intravascular or intraarticular administration, USPIO are specifically phagocytized by activated macrophages, and, due to their magnetic properties, induce signal changes in tissues presenting macrophage infiltration. A quantitative evaluation of the infiltrate is feasible, as the area with signal loss (number of dark pixels) observed on gradient echo MR images after particles injection is correlated with the amount of iron within the tissue and therefore reflects the number of USPIO-loaded cells.
We present here a protocol to perform macrophage imaging using USPIO-enhanced MR imaging in an animal model of septic arthritis, allowing an initial and longitudinal in vivo noninvasive evaluation of macrophages infiltration and an assessment of therapy action.

In vivo Macrophage Imaging Using MR Targeted Contrast Agent for Longitudinal Evaluation of Septic Arthritis

We demonstrate how to perform macrophage MR imaging using ultrasmall superparamagnetic contrast agent (USPIO) in septic arthritis, allowing an initial and longitudinal in vivo non-invasive evaluation of macrophages infiltration and an assessment of therapy efficacy.

In vivo macrófagos Imagem Usando MR alvejado agente de contraste para avaliação longitudinal de artrite séptica

Macrophages are key-cells in the initiation, the development and the regulation of the inflammatory response to bacterial infection. Macrophages are ...

Medicina

MR Molecular Imaging of Prostate Cancer with a Small Molecular CLT1 Peptide Targeted Contrast Agent

Tumor extracellular matrix has abundance of cancer related proteins that can be used as biomarkers for cancer molecular imaging. In this work, we demonstrated effective MR cancer molecular imaging with a small molecular peptide targeted Gd-DOTA monoamide complex as a targeted MRI contrast agent specific to clotted plasma proteins in tumor stroma. We performed the experiment of evaluating the effectiveness of the agent for non-invasive detection of prostate tumor with MRI in a mouse orthotopic PC-3 prostate cancer model. The targeted contrast agent was effective to produce significant tumor contrast enhancement at a low dose of 0.03 mmol Gd/kg. The peptide targeted MRI contrast agent is promising for MR molecular imaging of prostate tumor.

To demonstrate MR cancer molecular imaging with a small peptide targeted MRI contrast agent specific to clotted plasma proteins in tumor stroma in a mouse prostate cancer model.

MR Imagem Molecular do cancro da próstata com um pequeno Molecular CLT1 Peptide alvejado agente de contraste

Tumor extracellular  matrix has abundance of cancer related proteins that can be used as biomarkers  for cancer molecular imaging. In this work,  we ...

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

Certain classes of chemotherapies may exert acute vascular changes that may progress into long-term conditions that may predispose the patient to an increased risk of vascular morbidity.&#160;Yet, albeit&#160;the mounting clinical evidence, there is a paucity of clear studies of vascular toxicity and therefore the etiology of a heterogeneous group of vascular/cardiovascular disorders remains to be elucidated. Moreover, the mechanism that may underlie vascular toxicity can completely differ from the principles of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity, which is related to direct myocyte injury. We have established a real-time, in vivo molecular imaging platform&#160;to evaluate&#160;the potential&#160;acute&#160;vascular toxicity of anti-cancer therapies.
We have set up a platform of in vivo, high-resolution molecular imaging&#160;in mice,&#160;suitable for visualizing vasculature within confined organs and reference blood vessels within the same individuals whereas each individual serve as its own control. Blood vessel walls were impaired after doxorubicin administration, representing a unique mechanism of vascular toxicity that may be the early event in end-organ injury. Herein, the method of fibered confocal fluorescent microscopy (FCFM) based imaging is described, which provides an innovative mode to understand physiological phenomena at the cellular and sub-cellular levels in animal subjects.

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

We herein describe the method of fibered confocal fluorescent microscopy (FCFM) based imaging, which provides an innovative mode to understand physiological phenomena at the cellular and sub-cellular levels in animal subjects.

Induzida pela quimioterapia Vascular Toxicidade - em tempo real<em&gt; In vivo</em&gt; Imagem de Impairment Vessel

Certain classes of chemotherapies may exert acute vascular changes that may progress into long-term conditions that may predispose the patient to an ...

Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging for Assessment of Spinal Cord Blood Flow in Experimental Spinal Cord Injury

Reduced spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) (i.e., ischemia) plays a key role in traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) pathophysiology and is accordingly an important target for neuroprotective therapies. Although several techniques have been described to assess SCBF, they all have significant limitations. To overcome the latter, we propose the use of real-time contrast enhanced ultrasound imaging (CEU). Here we describe the application of this technique in a rat contusion model of SCI. A jugular catheter is first implanted for the repeated injection of contrast agent, a sodium chloride solution of sulphur hexafluoride encapsulated microbubbles. The spine is then stabilized with a custom-made 3D-frame and the spinal cord dura mater is exposed by a laminectomy at ThIX-ThXII. The ultrasound probe is then positioned at the posterior aspect of the dura mater (coated with ultrasound gel). To assess baseline SCBF, a single intravenous injection (400 &#181;l) of contrast agent is applied to record its passage through the intact spinal cord microvasculature. A weight-drop device is subsequently used to generate a reproducible experimental contusion model of SCI. Contrast agent is re-injected 15 min following the injury to assess post-SCI SCBF changes. CEU allows for real time and in-vivo assessment of SCBF changes following SCI. In the uninjured animal, ultrasound imaging showed uneven blood flow along the intact spinal cord. Furthermore, 15 min post-SCI, there was critical ischemia at the level of the epicenter while SCBF remained preserved in the more remote intact areas. In the regions adjacent to the epicenter (both rostral and caudal), SCBF was significantly reduced. This corresponds to the previously described &#8220;ischemic penumbra zone&#8221;. This tool is of major interest for assessing the effects of therapies aimed at limiting ischemia and the resulting tissue necrosis subsequent to SCI.

Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound imaging is a reliable in-vivo tool for quantifying spinal cord blood flow in an experimental rat spinal cord injury model. This paper contains a comprehensive protocol for application of this technique in association with a contusion model of thoracic spinal cord injury.

Contraste melhorado Ecografia de Avaliação da Medula Espinhal fluxo de sangue em Experimental lesão medular

Reduced spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) (i.e., ischemia) plays a key role in traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) pathophysiology and is accordingly an ...

Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of an Orthotopic Pancreatic Cancer Mouse Model

Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) has been limitedly used for orthotopic pancreatic tumor xenografts due to severe respiratory motion artifact in the abdominal area. Orthotopic tumor models offer advantages over subcutaneous ones, because those can reflect the primary tumor microenvironment affecting blood supply, neovascularization, and tumor cell invasion. We have recently established a protocol of DCE-MRI of orthotopic pancreatic tumor xenografts in mouse models by securing tumors with an orthogonally bent plastic board to prevent motion transfer from the chest region during imaging. The pressure by this board was localized on the abdominal area, and has not resulted in respiratory difficulty of the animals. This article demonstrates the detailed procedure of orthotopic pancreatic tumor modeling using small animals and DCE-MRI of the tumor xenografts. Quantification method of pharmacokinetic parameters in DCE-MRI is also introduced. The procedure described in this article will assist investigators to apply DCE-MRI for orthotopic gastrointestinal cancer mouse models.

The goal of this protocol is to apply dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for orthotopic pancreatic tumor xenografts in mice. DCE-MRI is a non-invasive method to analyze microvasculature in a target tissue, and useful to assess vascular response in a tumor following a novel therapy.

Contraste Dinâmico aprimorada Ressonância Magnética de um Modelo de câncer de pâncreas Orthotopic Rato

Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) has been limitedly used for orthotopic pancreatic tumor xenografts due to severe ...

Rose Bengal Photothrombosis by Confocal Optical Imaging In Vivo: A Model of Single Vessel Stroke

In vivo imaging techniques have increased in utilization due to recent advances in imaging dyes and optical technologies, allowing for the ability to image cellular events in an intact animal. Additionally, the ability to induce physiological disease states such as stroke in vivo increases its utility. The technique described herein allows for physiological assessment of cellular responses within the CNS following a stroke and can be adapted for other pathological conditions being studied. The technique presented uses laser excitation of the photosensitive dye Rose Bengal in vivo to induce a focal ischemic event in a single blood vessel. 
The video protocol demonstrates the preparation of a thin-skulled cranial window over the somatosensory cortex in a mouse for the induction of a Rose Bengal photothrombotic event keeping injury to the underlying dura matter and brain at a minimum. Surgical preparation is initially performed under a dissecting microscope with a custom-made surgical/imaging platform, which is then transferred to a confocal microscope equipped with an inverted objective adaptor. Representative images acquired utilizing this protocol are presented as well as time-lapse sequences of stroke induction. This technique is powerful in that the same area can be imaged repeatedly on subsequent days facilitating longitudinal in vivo studies of pathological processes following stroke.

Rose Bengal Photothrombosis by Confocal Optical Imaging In Vivo:  A Model of Single Vessel Stroke

Here, we describe a semi-invasive optical microscopy approach for the induction of a Rose Bengal photothrombotic clot in the somatosensory cortex of a mouse in vivo. The technical aspects of the imaging procedure are described from induction of a photothrombotic event to application and data collection.

Rosa Bengala Fototrombose por imageamento óptico confocal<em&gt; In Vivo</em&gt;: Um Modelo de curso Veículo Individual

In vivo imaging techniques have increased in utilization due to recent advances in imaging dyes and optical technologies, allowing for the ability to ...

Combined Intravital Microscopy and Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography of the Mouse Hindlimb to Study Insulin-induced Vasodilation and Muscle Perfusion

It has been demonstrated that insulin's vascular actions contribute to regulation of insulin sensitivity. Insulin's effects on muscle perfusion regulate postprandial delivery of nutrients and hormones to insulin-sensitive tissues. We here describe a technique for combining intravital microscopy (IVM) and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) of the adductor compartment of the mouse hindlimb to simultaneously visualize muscle resistance arteries and perfusion of the microcirculation in vivo. Simultaneously assessing insulin's effect at multiple levels of the vascular tree is important to study relationships between insulin's multiple vasoactive effects and muscle perfusion. Experiments in this study were performed in mice. First, the tail vein cannula is inserted for the infusion of anesthesia, vasoactive compounds and ultrasound contrast agent (lipid-encapsulated microbubbles). Second, a small incision is made in the groin area to expose the arterial tree of the adductor muscle compartment. The ultrasound probe is then positioned at the contralateral upper hindlimb to view the muscles in cross-section. To assess baseline parameters, the arterial diameter is assessed and microbubbles are subsequently infused at a constant rate to estimate muscle blood flow and microvascular blood volume (MBV). When applied before and during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, combined IVM and CEUS allow assessment of insulin-induced changes of arterial diameter, microvascular muscle perfusion and whole-body insulin sensitivity. Moreover, the temporal relationship between responses of the microcirculation and the resistance arteries to insulin can be quantified. It is also possible to follow-up the mice longitudinally in time, making it a valuable tool to study changes in vascular and whole-body insulin sensitivity.

Insulin-induced vasodilation regulates muscle perfusion and increases the microvascular surface area (microvascular recruitment) available for solute exchange between blood and tissue interstitium. Combined intravital microscopy and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography is presented to simultaneously assess insulin&#39;s action at the larger vessels and the microcirculation in vivo.

Combinado de microscopia Intravital e ultra-sonografia contraste aprimorado do membro posterior Mouse para estudar a vasodilatação induzida por insulina e perfusão muscular

It has been demonstrated that insulin's vascular actions contribute to regulation of insulin sensitivity. Insulin's effects on muscle perfusion regulate ...

A Novel Approach to Overcome Movement Artifact When Using a Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging System for Alternating Speeds of Blood Microcirculation

The laser speckle contrast imager (LSCI) provides a powerful yet simple technique for measuring microcirculatory blood flow. Ideal for blood dynamic responses, the LSCI is used in the same way as a conventional Laser Doppler Imager (LDI). However, with a maximum skin depth of approximately 1 mm, the LSCI is designed to focus on mainly superficial blood flow. It is used to measure skin surface areas of up to 15 cm x 20 cm. The new technique introduced in this paper accounts for alternating speeds of microcirculations; i.e. both slow and fast flow flux measurement using the LSCI. The novel technique also overcomes LSCI&#39;s biggest shortcoming, which is high sensitivity to artifact movement. An adhesive opaque patch (AOP) is introduced for satisfactory recording of microcirculatory blood flow, by subtracting the LSCI signal from the AOP from the laser speckle skin signal. The optimal setting is also defined because the LSCI is most powerful when flux changes are measured relative to a reference baseline, with blood microcirculatory flux expressed as a percentage change from the baseline. These changes may be used for analyzing the status of the blood flow system.

This study introduces a novel technique for the measurement and analysis of alternating speeds of blood microcirculation in a single experiment using a laser speckle contrast imager.

Uma nova abordagem para superar o artefato de movimento usando um contraste de Speckle Laser sistema de imagem de alternância de velocidades da microcirculação

The laser speckle contrast imager (LSCI) provides a powerful yet simple technique for measuring microcirculatory blood flow. Ideal for blood dynamic ...

Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Rat Common Carotid Artery

Phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) is a noninvasive approach that can quantify flow-related parameters such as blood flow. Previous studies have shown that abnormal blood flow may be associated with systemic vascular risk. Thus, PC-MRI can facilitate the translation of data obtained from animal models of cardiovascular diseases to pertinent clinical investigations. In this report, we describe the procedure for measuring blood flow in the common carotid artery (CCA) of rats using cine-gated PC-MRI and discuss relevant analysis methods. This procedure can be performed in a live, anesthetized animal and does not require euthanasia after the procedure. The proposed scanning parameters yield repeatable measurements for blood flow, indicating excellent reproducibility of the results. The PC-MRI procedure described in this article can be used for pharmacological testing, pathophysiological assessment, and cerebral hemodynamics evaluation.

The overall goal of this procedure is to measure the blood flow in the rat common carotid artery by using noninvasive phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging.

Imagens de ressonância magnética fase contraste na artéria carótida comum de rato

Phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) is a noninvasive approach that can quantify flow-related parameters such as blood flow. Previous ...

Two-vessel Occlusion Mouse Model of Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion

In this study, a middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion mouse model is employed to study cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. A reproducible and reliable mouse model is useful for investigating the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and determining potential therapeutic strategies for patients with stroke. Variations in the anatomy of the circle of Willis of C57BL/6 mice affects their infarct volume after cerebral-ischemia-induced injury. Studies have indicated that distal MCA occlusion (MCAO) can overcome this problem and result in a stable infarct size. In this study, we establish a two-vessel occlusion mouse model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion through the interruption of the blood flow to the right MCA. We distally ligate the right MCA and right common carotid artery (CCA) and restore blood flow after a certain period of ischemia. This ischemia-reperfusion injury induces an infarct of stable size and a behavioral deficit. Peripheral immune cells infiltrate the ischemic brain within the 24 h infiltration period. Additionally, the neuronal loss in the cortical area is less for a longer reperfusion duration. Therefore, this two-vessel occlusion model is suitable for investigating the immune response and neuronal recovery during the reperfusion period after cerebral ischemia.

A mouse model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion is established to investigate the pathophysiology of stroke. We distally ligate the right middle cerebral artery and right common carotid artery and restore blood flow after 10 or 40 min of ischemia.

Modelo de Mouse de dois vasos oclusão de isquémia-reperfusão Cerebral

In this study, a middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion mouse model is employed to study cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. A reproducible and reliable mouse ...