이 작품은 NCI 보너스 5R01CA133229 - 03에 의해 부분적으로 지원되었다.

1. 동물 주입 정맥 꼬리 정맥 주입하기 전에, 꼬리 피부 살균 목적으로 이소 프로필 알코올 스크럽과 청소해야합니다. 낮은 죽은 공간을 사용하여 말초 꼬리 정맥을 통해 ½ CC U, 생쥐는 다음 20 MG 요오드 / ML iodinated bloodpool 대비 에이전트의 0.2 mL/20 G (캐나다, ON Binito 바이오 메디컬 (주) 오타와, eXIA 160XL)를 주입해야합니다 -100 28G ½ 인슐린 주사기 (제품 # 329461, 백톤 디킨슨과 회사, NJ, 미국). 2. 동물 준비 주입 10 분 후, 동물은 microCT 이미징 준비를해야합니다. 첫째, 동물은 분당 2.5 리터 비율로 100 % 산소 isoflurane 2 % 사용하여 상자에 anesthetized해야합니다. 안구 윤활 연고는 마취 동안 각막의 탈수를 방지하기 위해 적용해야합니다. 체온은 열 패드에 의해 37 ° C로 유지되어야합니다. 3. MicroCT 이미징 생쥐는 다음 라이브 동물의 스캔을 수행하는 능력을 microCT 단위 스캔해야합니다. 운동 유물과 안정성을 최소화하기 위해 생쥐는 공기와 배기 가스에 대한 규정이있는 상용 다중 양상 챔버 (Numira Biosciences, 솔트 레이크 시티, UT)에 삽입할 수 있습니다. microCT 검사, 젤 패드 (뜨거운 감기 치료 브레 이스, CVS 파마 운소켓, RI) 동안 동물에 저체온증 에피소드를 피하려면 (열 공장, 비스타, CA) 또는 Thermipaq 클레이 패드 (Thermionics, 스프링 필드, IL) 수 비슷해 토프트 사용됩니다. 37 마우스를 유지하기 위해 거품 침대 아래에 이러한 가열 패드를 놓습니다 ° C 동물​​과 직접 접촉을 피하고있는 동안. 이러한 체온, 호흡과 심장 박동과 같은 동물의 생체 신호는 스몰 애니멀 모니터링 및 SA 인 스트 루먼트 (스토니 브룩, 뉴욕)와 같은 게이팅 시스템을 사용하여 모니터해야합니다. 다음 이미지 프로토콜은 어떤 microCT 단위에 해당하는 검색 매개 변수를 확인하기 위해 지침으로 사용할 수 있습니다. 본 실험에 사용된 동물은 체적 중부 표준시 스캐너 GE에서 93 μm의 해상도 로커스을 (GE 헬스케어, 런던, 온타리오) 탐색에서 스캔했습니다. 이 용적 스캐너 Feldkamp 콘 빔 재건을 위해 3,500 X 1,750 CCD 검출기를 사용합니다. 전류, 전압 및 노출 시간의 플랫폼 독립적인 매개 변수는 각각 450 μA, 80 kVP 100 MS에서 지속적으로 유지되었습니다. 노출 시간의 표준 매개 변수는,보기 및 전망의 수 당 프레임은 다양한 수 있으며 약 20 분 총 스캔 시간이 100 MS, 각각 5-8, 그리고 360-720, 수있다. 이미지는 제조 업체의 독점 EVSBeam 소프트웨어로 복원되었습니다. 4. 이미지 렌더링 재건축 microCT 데이터는 고급 isosurface 한 차원 또는 Seg3D 이미지 처리 소프트웨어 (Seg3D 사용하여 2 차원 전달 함수 렌더링 이미지에 사용할 수 있습니다 <a href="http://www.sci.utah.edu/cibc/software">http://www.sci.utah.edu/cibc/software을</a> ). 5. 대표 결과 방법 섹션에서 언급한 설정을 eXIA160XL와 스캔 wildtype 마우스 첨부된 그림을 참조하십시오. <img src="/files/ftp_upload/2377/2377fig1.jpg" alt="그림 1" /> 그림 1. Seg3D 이미지 처리 소프트웨어 (Seg3D 사용하여 만든 wildtype 마우스의 2 차원 전달 함수 (2DTF) 렌더링 이미지 <a href="http://www.sci.utah.edu/cibc/software">http://www.sci.utah.edu/cibc/software을</a> ). 동물은 eXIA160XL를 주사 맞은 10 분 후 방법 섹션에서 언급한 설정을 93 μm의 해상도로 스캔 사시 microCT. 비디오 1. 360 ° Imagevis3D 이미지 처리 소프트웨어 (Imagevis3D, http://www.sci.utah.edu/cibc/software)를 사용하여 만든 wildtype 마우스의 회전 동영상을 기반으로 2 차원 전달 함수 (2DTF) 렌더링. 동물은 eXIA160XL를 주사 맞은 10 분 후 방법 섹션에서 언급한 설정을 93 μm의 해상도로 스캔 사시 microCT. <a href="/files/ftp_upload/2377/2377_Suresh_Prajapati_Representative_Results.mov">동영상을 보려면 여기를 클릭하십시오</a>

<ol>
	<li>Holdsworth, D. W., Thornton, M. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Micro-CT+in+small+animal+and+specimen+imaging.">Micro-CT in small animal and specimen imaging.</a> Trends in Biotechnology. 20, 417-424 (2002).</li><li>Kindlmann, G. L., Weinstein, D. M., Jones, G. M., Johnson, C. R., Capecchi, M. R., Keller, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Practical+Vessel+Imaging+by+Computed+Tomography+in+Live+Transgenic+Mouse+Models+for+Human+Tumors.">Practical Vessel Imaging by Computed Tomography in Live Transgenic Mouse Models for Human Tumors.</a> Molecular Imaging. 4, 417-424 (2005).</li></ol>

모든 동물의 절차는 실험실 동물의 관리 및 사용에 대한 지침에 따라 실시되었으며 샌안토니오 텍사스 건강 과학 센터의 대학에서 기관 애니멀 케어 및 사용위원회 (IACUC)에 의해 승인되었습니다.

microCT를 사용하여 콘트라스트 향상 선박 영상이 기법의 최고 목표는 사는 생쥐의 혈관 네트워크 분석을 위해 고품질의 데이터 세트를 생성하기위한 최적의 방법을 제공하는 것입니다. microCT 이미징, 증가의 전망을 볼 숫자와 두 당 프레임의 번호를 더 이상 스캔 배 이루어집니다 부드러운 조직의 더 나은 신호 대 잡음 비율하십시오. 선박 식별 정확한 부드러운 조직 ...

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<td>eXIA 160XL</td>
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contrast enhanced vessel imaging using microct

미세한 계산된 tomography (microCT)는 작은 동물을 삶의 해부의 고해상도 판매량 이미징을 제공합니다. 그러나, 다른 부드러운 조직 및 체액 사이의 대조 마이크로 - CT 영상 1 본질적 가난한 사람입니다. 이러한 상황에서 혈관의 시각화는 거의 불가능한 작업이됩니다. 이것을 극복하고 외인성 대비 에이전트가 사용할 수있는 혈관의 시각화를 향상시킬 수 있도록 지원합니다. 여기에, 우리는 쥐 모델에서 혈관 네트워크를 시각화를위한 방법론을 제시한다. 오랫동안 연기 수성 콜로이드 polydisperse iodinated 혈액 풀 대비 에이전트 eXIA 160XL을 사용함으로써, 우리는 살아있는 동물의 혈관을 찾기위한 이미지 수집 매개 변수와 볼륨 렌더링 기법을 최적화. 우리의 결과는 혈관에서 뼈 및 연조직 사이의 우수한 콘트라스트를 달성하는 것이 좋습니다, 다중 프레임 (보기마다 적어도 5-8 / 프레임) 및 360-720 전망 (전체 360 ° 회전) 인수는 필수되었습니다. 우리는 또한 2 차원 전달 함수의 사용 (어디 voxel 색상과 불투명도가 중부 표준시의 가치와 기울기 크기에 비례하여 할당했습니다), 해부를 시각이자, 혈관 네트워크의 구조를 강조 인치를 증명하고있다 이 유망한 작품은 유전자 변형 또는 이종 이식 종양 베어링 생쥐를 사용하여 안티 angiogenesis 잠복기 연구의 질적 및 양적 평가에 대한 기초를 낳는다.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Contrast Enhanced Vessel Imaging using MicroCT at JoVE.com

Contrast Enhanced Vessel Imaging using MicroCT

microCT으로 대비 향상된 작은 동물 혈관 이미징 시리얼에 대한 신속하고 비용 효율 높은 처리량 기술이다<em&gt; 현장에서</em그들도 없군 혈관의 네트워크를 분석하고, 잠복기 치료 개입 (S)에 종양의 반응에 따라 종양에 대한 개발&gt; 시험.

MicroCT를 사용하여 대비 향상된 베셀 영상

Microscopic computed tomography (microCT) offers high-resolution volumetric imaging of the anatomy of living small animals. However, the contrast between ...

contrast-enhanced-vessel-imaging-using-microct

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

12.5K 조회수.  University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. microCT으로 대비 향상된 작은 동물 혈관 이미징 시리얼에 대한 신속하고 비용 효율 높은 처리량 기술이다 현장에서 시험.

비디오: Contrast Enhanced Vessel Imaging using MicroCT

In vivo Macrophage Imaging Using MR Targeted Contrast Agent for Longitudinal Evaluation of Septic Arthritis

Macrophages are key-cells in the initiation, the development and the regulation of the inflammatory response to bacterial infection. Macrophages are intensively and increasingly recruited in septic joints from the early phases of infection and the infiltration is supposed to regress once efficient removal of the pathogens is obtained. The ability to identify in vivo macrophage activity in an infected joint can therefore provide two main applications: early detection of acute synovitis and monitoring of therapy.
In vivo noninvasive detection of macrophages can be performed with magnetic resonance imaging using iron nanoparticles such as ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO). After intravascular or intraarticular administration, USPIO are specifically phagocytized by activated macrophages, and, due to their magnetic properties, induce signal changes in tissues presenting macrophage infiltration. A quantitative evaluation of the infiltrate is feasible, as the area with signal loss (number of dark pixels) observed on gradient echo MR images after particles injection is correlated with the amount of iron within the tissue and therefore reflects the number of USPIO-loaded cells.
We present here a protocol to perform macrophage imaging using USPIO-enhanced MR imaging in an animal model of septic arthritis, allowing an initial and longitudinal in vivo noninvasive evaluation of macrophages infiltration and an assessment of therapy action.

In vivo Macrophage Imaging Using MR Targeted Contrast Agent for Longitudinal Evaluation of Septic Arthritis

We demonstrate how to perform macrophage MR imaging using ultrasmall superparamagnetic contrast agent (USPIO) in septic arthritis, allowing an initial and longitudinal in vivo non-invasive evaluation of macrophages infiltration and an assessment of therapy efficacy.

정화조 관절염의 경도 평가를위한 MR 표적 조영제를 사용하여 생체 내 대식 세포 이미징

Macrophages are key-cells in the initiation, the development and the regulation of the inflammatory response to bacterial infection. Macrophages are ...

연구

의학

MR Molecular Imaging of Prostate Cancer with a Small Molecular CLT1 Peptide Targeted Contrast Agent

Tumor extracellular matrix has abundance of cancer related proteins that can be used as biomarkers for cancer molecular imaging. In this work, we demonstrated effective MR cancer molecular imaging with a small molecular peptide targeted Gd-DOTA monoamide complex as a targeted MRI contrast agent specific to clotted plasma proteins in tumor stroma. We performed the experiment of evaluating the effectiveness of the agent for non-invasive detection of prostate tumor with MRI in a mouse orthotopic PC-3 prostate cancer model. The targeted contrast agent was effective to produce significant tumor contrast enhancement at a low dose of 0.03 mmol Gd/kg. The peptide targeted MRI contrast agent is promising for MR molecular imaging of prostate tumor.

To demonstrate MR cancer molecular imaging with a small peptide targeted MRI contrast agent specific to clotted plasma proteins in tumor stroma in a mouse prostate cancer model.

작은 분자 CLT1 펩타이드 표적 조영제와 전립선 암의 MR 분자 영상

Tumor extracellular  matrix has abundance of cancer related proteins that can be used as biomarkers  for cancer molecular imaging. In this work,  we ...

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

Certain classes of chemotherapies may exert acute vascular changes that may progress into long-term conditions that may predispose the patient to an increased risk of vascular morbidity.&#160;Yet, albeit&#160;the mounting clinical evidence, there is a paucity of clear studies of vascular toxicity and therefore the etiology of a heterogeneous group of vascular/cardiovascular disorders remains to be elucidated. Moreover, the mechanism that may underlie vascular toxicity can completely differ from the principles of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity, which is related to direct myocyte injury. We have established a real-time, in vivo molecular imaging platform&#160;to evaluate&#160;the potential&#160;acute&#160;vascular toxicity of anti-cancer therapies.
We have set up a platform of in vivo, high-resolution molecular imaging&#160;in mice,&#160;suitable for visualizing vasculature within confined organs and reference blood vessels within the same individuals whereas each individual serve as its own control. Blood vessel walls were impaired after doxorubicin administration, representing a unique mechanism of vascular toxicity that may be the early event in end-organ injury. Herein, the method of fibered confocal fluorescent microscopy (FCFM) based imaging is described, which provides an innovative mode to understand physiological phenomena at the cellular and sub-cellular levels in animal subjects.

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

We herein describe the method of fibered confocal fluorescent microscopy (FCFM) based imaging, which provides an innovative mode to understand physiological phenomena at the cellular and sub-cellular levels in animal subjects.

화학 요법에 의한 혈관 독성 - 실시간<em&gt; 생체 내</em&gt; 선박 손상의 영상

Certain classes of chemotherapies may exert acute vascular changes that may progress into long-term conditions that may predispose the patient to an ...

Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging for Assessment of Spinal Cord Blood Flow in Experimental Spinal Cord Injury

Reduced spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) (i.e., ischemia) plays a key role in traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) pathophysiology and is accordingly an important target for neuroprotective therapies. Although several techniques have been described to assess SCBF, they all have significant limitations. To overcome the latter, we propose the use of real-time contrast enhanced ultrasound imaging (CEU). Here we describe the application of this technique in a rat contusion model of SCI. A jugular catheter is first implanted for the repeated injection of contrast agent, a sodium chloride solution of sulphur hexafluoride encapsulated microbubbles. The spine is then stabilized with a custom-made 3D-frame and the spinal cord dura mater is exposed by a laminectomy at ThIX-ThXII. The ultrasound probe is then positioned at the posterior aspect of the dura mater (coated with ultrasound gel). To assess baseline SCBF, a single intravenous injection (400 &#181;l) of contrast agent is applied to record its passage through the intact spinal cord microvasculature. A weight-drop device is subsequently used to generate a reproducible experimental contusion model of SCI. Contrast agent is re-injected 15 min following the injury to assess post-SCI SCBF changes. CEU allows for real time and in-vivo assessment of SCBF changes following SCI. In the uninjured animal, ultrasound imaging showed uneven blood flow along the intact spinal cord. Furthermore, 15 min post-SCI, there was critical ischemia at the level of the epicenter while SCBF remained preserved in the more remote intact areas. In the regions adjacent to the epicenter (both rostral and caudal), SCBF was significantly reduced. This corresponds to the previously described &#8220;ischemic penumbra zone&#8221;. This tool is of major interest for assessing the effects of therapies aimed at limiting ischemia and the resulting tissue necrosis subsequent to SCI.

Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound imaging is a reliable in-vivo tool for quantifying spinal cord blood flow in an experimental rat spinal cord injury model. This paper contains a comprehensive protocol for application of this technique in association with a contusion model of thoracic spinal cord injury.

실험 척수 부상에서 척수 혈액 흐름의 평가를위한 향상된 초음파 이미징 대비

Reduced spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) (i.e., ischemia) plays a key role in traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) pathophysiology and is accordingly an ...

Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of an Orthotopic Pancreatic Cancer Mouse Model

Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) has been limitedly used for orthotopic pancreatic tumor xenografts due to severe respiratory motion artifact in the abdominal area. Orthotopic tumor models offer advantages over subcutaneous ones, because those can reflect the primary tumor microenvironment affecting blood supply, neovascularization, and tumor cell invasion. We have recently established a protocol of DCE-MRI of orthotopic pancreatic tumor xenografts in mouse models by securing tumors with an orthogonally bent plastic board to prevent motion transfer from the chest region during imaging. The pressure by this board was localized on the abdominal area, and has not resulted in respiratory difficulty of the animals. This article demonstrates the detailed procedure of orthotopic pancreatic tumor modeling using small animals and DCE-MRI of the tumor xenografts. Quantification method of pharmacokinetic parameters in DCE-MRI is also introduced. The procedure described in this article will assist investigators to apply DCE-MRI for orthotopic gastrointestinal cancer mouse models.

The goal of this protocol is to apply dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for orthotopic pancreatic tumor xenografts in mice. DCE-MRI is a non-invasive method to analyze microvasculature in a target tissue, and useful to assess vascular response in a tumor following a novel therapy.

동소 이식 췌장 암 마우스 모델의 동적 대비 강화 된 자기 공명 영상

Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) has been limitedly used for orthotopic pancreatic tumor xenografts due to severe ...

Rose Bengal Photothrombosis by Confocal Optical Imaging In Vivo: A Model of Single Vessel Stroke

In vivo imaging techniques have increased in utilization due to recent advances in imaging dyes and optical technologies, allowing for the ability to image cellular events in an intact animal. Additionally, the ability to induce physiological disease states such as stroke in vivo increases its utility. The technique described herein allows for physiological assessment of cellular responses within the CNS following a stroke and can be adapted for other pathological conditions being studied. The technique presented uses laser excitation of the photosensitive dye Rose Bengal in vivo to induce a focal ischemic event in a single blood vessel. 
The video protocol demonstrates the preparation of a thin-skulled cranial window over the somatosensory cortex in a mouse for the induction of a Rose Bengal photothrombotic event keeping injury to the underlying dura matter and brain at a minimum. Surgical preparation is initially performed under a dissecting microscope with a custom-made surgical/imaging platform, which is then transferred to a confocal microscope equipped with an inverted objective adaptor. Representative images acquired utilizing this protocol are presented as well as time-lapse sequences of stroke induction. This technique is powerful in that the same area can be imaged repeatedly on subsequent days facilitating longitudinal in vivo studies of pathological processes following stroke.

Rose Bengal Photothrombosis by Confocal Optical Imaging In Vivo:  A Model of Single Vessel Stroke

Here, we describe a semi-invasive optical microscopy approach for the induction of a Rose Bengal photothrombotic clot in the somatosensory cortex of a mouse in vivo. The technical aspects of the imaging procedure are described from induction of a photothrombotic event to application and data collection.

공 초점 광학 이미징에 의해 로즈 벵갈 Photothrombosis<em&gt; 생체</em&gt; : 단일 선박 스트로크의 모델

In vivo imaging techniques have increased in utilization due to recent advances in imaging dyes and optical technologies, allowing for the ability to ...

Combined Intravital Microscopy and Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography of the Mouse Hindlimb to Study Insulin-induced Vasodilation and Muscle Perfusion

It has been demonstrated that insulin's vascular actions contribute to regulation of insulin sensitivity. Insulin's effects on muscle perfusion regulate postprandial delivery of nutrients and hormones to insulin-sensitive tissues. We here describe a technique for combining intravital microscopy (IVM) and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) of the adductor compartment of the mouse hindlimb to simultaneously visualize muscle resistance arteries and perfusion of the microcirculation in vivo. Simultaneously assessing insulin's effect at multiple levels of the vascular tree is important to study relationships between insulin's multiple vasoactive effects and muscle perfusion. Experiments in this study were performed in mice. First, the tail vein cannula is inserted for the infusion of anesthesia, vasoactive compounds and ultrasound contrast agent (lipid-encapsulated microbubbles). Second, a small incision is made in the groin area to expose the arterial tree of the adductor muscle compartment. The ultrasound probe is then positioned at the contralateral upper hindlimb to view the muscles in cross-section. To assess baseline parameters, the arterial diameter is assessed and microbubbles are subsequently infused at a constant rate to estimate muscle blood flow and microvascular blood volume (MBV). When applied before and during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, combined IVM and CEUS allow assessment of insulin-induced changes of arterial diameter, microvascular muscle perfusion and whole-body insulin sensitivity. Moreover, the temporal relationship between responses of the microcirculation and the resistance arteries to insulin can be quantified. It is also possible to follow-up the mice longitudinally in time, making it a valuable tool to study changes in vascular and whole-body insulin sensitivity.

Insulin-induced vasodilation regulates muscle perfusion and increases the microvascular surface area (microvascular recruitment) available for solute exchange between blood and tissue interstitium. Combined intravital microscopy and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography is presented to simultaneously assess insulin&#39;s action at the larger vessels and the microcirculation in vivo.

Intravital 현미경 검사 법 및 대비 향상 된 초음파 마우스 Hindlimb의 인슐린 유도 된 혈관과 근육 관류 결합

It has been demonstrated that insulin's vascular actions contribute to regulation of insulin sensitivity. Insulin's effects on muscle perfusion regulate ...

A Novel Approach to Overcome Movement Artifact When Using a Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging System for Alternating Speeds of Blood Microcirculation

The laser speckle contrast imager (LSCI) provides a powerful yet simple technique for measuring microcirculatory blood flow. Ideal for blood dynamic responses, the LSCI is used in the same way as a conventional Laser Doppler Imager (LDI). However, with a maximum skin depth of approximately 1 mm, the LSCI is designed to focus on mainly superficial blood flow. It is used to measure skin surface areas of up to 15 cm x 20 cm. The new technique introduced in this paper accounts for alternating speeds of microcirculations; i.e. both slow and fast flow flux measurement using the LSCI. The novel technique also overcomes LSCI&#39;s biggest shortcoming, which is high sensitivity to artifact movement. An adhesive opaque patch (AOP) is introduced for satisfactory recording of microcirculatory blood flow, by subtracting the LSCI signal from the AOP from the laser speckle skin signal. The optimal setting is also defined because the LSCI is most powerful when flux changes are measured relative to a reference baseline, with blood microcirculatory flux expressed as a percentage change from the baseline. These changes may be used for analyzing the status of the blood flow system.

This study introduces a novel technique for the measurement and analysis of alternating speeds of blood microcirculation in a single experiment using a laser speckle contrast imager.

레이저 반점 대비 미세 혈액의 속도 번갈아 위한 이미징 시스템을 사용 하는 경우 운동 유물을 극복 하는 새로운 접근 방식

The laser speckle contrast imager (LSCI) provides a powerful yet simple technique for measuring microcirculatory blood flow. Ideal for blood dynamic ...

Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Rat Common Carotid Artery

Phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) is a noninvasive approach that can quantify flow-related parameters such as blood flow. Previous studies have shown that abnormal blood flow may be associated with systemic vascular risk. Thus, PC-MRI can facilitate the translation of data obtained from animal models of cardiovascular diseases to pertinent clinical investigations. In this report, we describe the procedure for measuring blood flow in the common carotid artery (CCA) of rats using cine-gated PC-MRI and discuss relevant analysis methods. This procedure can be performed in a live, anesthetized animal and does not require euthanasia after the procedure. The proposed scanning parameters yield repeatable measurements for blood flow, indicating excellent reproducibility of the results. The PC-MRI procedure described in this article can be used for pharmacological testing, pathophysiological assessment, and cerebral hemodynamics evaluation.

The overall goal of this procedure is to measure the blood flow in the rat common carotid artery by using noninvasive phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging.

쥐 일반적인 경 동맥에 단계 대조 자기 공명 영상

Phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) is a noninvasive approach that can quantify flow-related parameters such as blood flow. Previous ...

Two-vessel Occlusion Mouse Model of Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion

In this study, a middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion mouse model is employed to study cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. A reproducible and reliable mouse model is useful for investigating the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and determining potential therapeutic strategies for patients with stroke. Variations in the anatomy of the circle of Willis of C57BL/6 mice affects their infarct volume after cerebral-ischemia-induced injury. Studies have indicated that distal MCA occlusion (MCAO) can overcome this problem and result in a stable infarct size. In this study, we establish a two-vessel occlusion mouse model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion through the interruption of the blood flow to the right MCA. We distally ligate the right MCA and right common carotid artery (CCA) and restore blood flow after a certain period of ischemia. This ischemia-reperfusion injury induces an infarct of stable size and a behavioral deficit. Peripheral immune cells infiltrate the ischemic brain within the 24 h infiltration period. Additionally, the neuronal loss in the cortical area is less for a longer reperfusion duration. Therefore, this two-vessel occlusion model is suitable for investigating the immune response and neuronal recovery during the reperfusion period after cerebral ischemia.

A mouse model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion is established to investigate the pathophysiology of stroke. We distally ligate the right middle cerebral artery and right common carotid artery and restore blood flow after 10 or 40 min of ischemia.

대뇌 국 소 빈 혈 reperfusion의 2 배 폐색 마우스 모델

In this study, a middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion mouse model is employed to study cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. A reproducible and reliable mouse ...