1. Ética animais Antes de realizar a hipertermia longa duração em camundongos certifique-se de que o procedimento tenha sido aprovado pelo Animal Care Institucional e Comitê de uso. Todos os procedimentos discutidos neste papel e mostrado no vídeo que a acompanha foram aprovados pelo Comitê de Ética Animal Institucional do Instituto Nacional de Imunologia. 2. Hipertermia entendimento A hipertermia do corpo inteiro (WBH) é entregue ao colocar os animais em gaiolas de pré-aquecido que são colocados na incubadora mantida a 39,5 ° C. Durante a padronização do protocolo, um sensor de temperatura foi implantado cirurgicamente nos murganhos e a temperatura corporal foi monitorizada em diferentes condições experimentais. Observou-se que, ao colocar os animais num ambiente aquecido, a sua temperatura aumentada gradualmente a partir de 37 ° C a até 42 ° C ao longo da duração de 100 minutos (Figura 1). The resultando &quot;spike&quot; de temperatura é intrigante que a temperatura interna do corpo disparado ainda maior do que a temperatura externa do ambiente. Quando a temperatura corporal superior a 40 ° C, o animal iria mostrar sinais de stress e de desidratação, tais como agentes molhantes em volta do focinho. Aumentar a temperatura corporal acima de 40 ° C, conduzirá a molhar e estresse irreversíveis ou até a morte dos animais, devido ao estresse térmico. Por isso, é importante para evitar os picos de temperatura durante o curso de hipertermia. Este fenómeno de picos de alta temperatura está associada com a hiperactividade física do animal durante a exposição a hipertermia. Picos de temperatura semelhantes foram observados por outros grupos e também foram associados com a hiperactividade física do animal ao ser introduzida a atmosfera com temperaturas mais elevadas 10. No nosso protocolo, os ratos são imobilizados durante a exposição a hipertermia. Comomostrado na Figura 2, a imobilização do animal, impede que os picos de temperatura. Temos usado 8-12 semanas de idade BALB / Cj ratos para demonstrar esse protocolo. O protocolo não está restrita a um tipo particular / estirpe de ratos. 3. Preparando-se para o Experimento 3,1 Incubadora Esta experiência pode ser realizada em uma incubadora de CO 2 normal, uma vez que têm um bom controlo da temperatura. Desligue fornecimento de gás CO 2 e remova bandeja de retenção de água da incubadora de CO2. Em alguns modelos de incubadoras, é possível desligar o controlador 2 CO. Organizar prateleiras da incubadora a fim de que a gaiola de ratos pode ser colocado convenientemente no interior. Definir a temperatura da incubadora a 39,5 ° C. 3,2 Gaiolas Tipicamente, o ensaio é realizado a hipertermia em 4 ratinhos de cada vez. Duas gaiolas são obrigatórios; noe é colocado dentro da incubadora e o outro é colocado no exterior, à temperatura ambiente. Cama de gaiolas é evitada, tal como os adesivos de cama seja molhada com o tempo o que resulta na não-uniforme da temperatura no interior da gaiola. A gaiola exterior deve ter peletes alimentares e da garrafa de água. 3,3 Ratos tubos de imobilização Durante o curso de primeiros 4 ciclos de ratinhos hipertermia são imobilizados em tubos perfurados. Estes tubos de imobilização pode ser feita a partir de 50 &#39;de centrifugação&#39; ml por tubos de perfuração 3 furos milímetros em todo o seu corpo, e quatro de tais tubos será necessária. O tubo de 50 ml pode convenientemente imobilizar BALB / Cj ratos que estão com mais de 8 semanas. Os tubos de tamanhos apropriados pode ser necessária para alguns estirpe invulgarmente diferente de ratos ou ratinhos para os quais são muito jovens ou mais velhos do que 50 semanas. Colocar os tubos de imobilização e uma gaiola dentro da incubadora mantida a 39,5 ° C. Espere até que, pelo menos, duas horas, de modo que a gaiola e itubos mmobilization atingir a temperatura da incubadora. 4. Primeiro ciclo da hipertermia Ratos podem sofrer uma desidratação durante a exposição hipertermia. Portanto, antes de iniciar o experimento, administrar 0,5 ml de solução salina normal, por via intraperitoneal a cada rato. Use uma agulha de 26 G com uma seringa ml. Assumir rapidamente a gaiola colocado na incubadora, o local de um animal de cada um de tubos de imobilização e colocar a gaiola de volta na incubadora. Registrar o tempo. É essencial manter a gaiola no mesmo local na incubadora de cada vez. Depois de 90 minutos, retire a gaiola da incubadora. Libertar os animais a partir dos tubos de imobilização e colocá-los na gaiola, à temperatura normal com um fácil acesso a comida e água. Coloque os tubos de imobilização vazios de volta na incubadora. Após 15 minutos, o segundo ciclo de hipertermia é iniciado através da apresentação de 0.5 ml de solução salina por via intraperitoneal a cada rato. Em seguida, são imobilizadas em tubos de 50 ml de imobilização perfurados e colocado na incubadora. 5. Ciclos subsequentes Hipertermia Para os primeiros quatro ciclos, que é essencial para imobilizar ratos durante a exposição, a hipertermia e para os dois primeiros ciclos, a injecção é dada solução salina antes de se iniciar o período de hipertermia. Após estes ciclos de hipertermia seguidos de descanso são concluídas, os ratos obter aclimatar e não se tornar hiperativo durante a exposição hipertermia. A injecção intraperitoneal de soro fisiológico não pode ser necessário se ratinhos prontamente tomar alimentos e água, durante o tempo de repouso. 6. Depois de todos os ciclos completos, o último passo é examinar os Animais Não deve haver nenhuma morte durante os ciclos de hipertermia. Cada animal tem que ser visto com muito cuidado no primeiroalguns ciclos. Rapidamente olhar para qualquer molhar ao redor do focinho. Este sintoma é uma assinatura de desidratação. Ratos com tais sintomas deve imediatamente ser dado 0,5 ml de solução salina normal IP e descansar em temperatura ambiente. A maioria dos ratos imobilizados não vai exigir qualquer tratamento adicional e vai conseguir suportar o stress a hipertermia. Depois de completar os ciclos necessários, os animais podem parecer fraco e desidratado, mas eles vão se recuperar rapidamente em poucas horas. <img src="/files/ftp_upload/3801/3801fig1.jpg" alt="Figura 1" /> Figura 1. Variação da temperatura corporal central de ratinhos quando a gaiola foi colocada numa incubadora a 39,5 ° C. Após 90 min a gaiola foi removido da incubadora e colocadas a 25 ° C. Círculos vermelhos indicam picos de alta temperatura. <img src="/files/ftp_upload/3801/3801fig2.jpg" alt="Figura 2" /> Figura 2. Variação da temperatu corpo do núcleore de uma Ratos imobilizados durante os ciclos de hipertermia. Após a imobilização do animal, picos elevados temperaturas não foram observar quando a gaiola foi colocada a 39,5 ° C.

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<html> Já em 5000 aC, os médicos egípcios tratados tumores com o calor. Os gregos reconheceram o valor de calor em alguns tratamentos médicos. Os textos mais antigos da Lei de Moisés menção Hot Springs (Gênesis 36:24) para terapeuticamente elevar a temperatura corporal. As técnicas empregadas anteriores ou o uso de extratos microbianos pirogênicas para a indução de febre ou banhos de água quente para a indução de hipertermia 1. No entanto nenhuma destas abordagens po...

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protocol for long duration whole body hyperthermia in mice

A hipertermia é um termo geral utilizado para definir o aumento da temperatura corporal central acima do normal. Muitas vezes, é utilizado para descrever o aumento da temperatura corporal central que é observado durante a febre. A utilização de hipertermia como adjuvante tem emergido como um procedimento promissor para a regressão do tumor no domínio da biologia do cancro. Para este efeito, a exigência mais importante é ter os protocolos de aquecimento fiáveis ​​e uniformes. Nós desenvolvemos um protocolo para a hipertermia (corpo inteiro) em ratinhos. Neste protocolo, os animais são expostos a ciclos de hipertermia durante 90 min seguido por um período de repouso de 15 min. Durante este período, os ratos têm fácil acesso à comida e água. Picos de alta temperatura do corpo dos camundongos durante a primeira ciclos de exposição poucas hipertermia são impedidos por imobilizar o animal. Além disso, a solução salina normal é administrado em primeiro poucos ciclos para minimizar os efeitos da desidratação. Este protocolo pode simular febre como as condições em camundongos até 12-24 horas. Temosusado 8-12 semanas de idade BALB / cJ fêmeas para demonstrar o protocolo.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Protocol for Long Duration Whole Body Hyperthermia in Mice at JoVE.com

Protocol for Long Duration Whole Body Hyperthermia in Mice

Este documento descreve um protocolo para a hipertermia de corpo inteiro em camundongos que podem estimular a febre como condições até 12-24 horas.

Protocolo para Longa Duração Hipertermia corpo inteiro em Ratos

Hyperthermia is a general term used to define the increase in core body temperature above normal. It is often used to describe the increased core body ...

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Medicine

11.5K visualizações.  National Institute of Immunology. Este documento descreve um protocolo para a hipertermia de corpo inteiro em camundongos que podem estimular a febre como condições até 12-24 horas.

Vídeo: Protocol for Long Duration Whole Body Hyperthermia in Mice

Protocols for Assessing Radiofrequency Interactions with Gold Nanoparticles and Biological Systems for Non-invasive Hyperthermia Cancer Therapy

Cancer therapies which are less toxic and invasive than their existing counterparts are highly desirable. The use of RF electric-fields that penetrate deep into the body, causing minimal toxicity, are currently being studied as a viable means of non-invasive cancer therapy. It is envisioned that the interactions of RF energy with internalized nanoparticles (NPs) can liberate heat which can then cause overheating (hyperthermia) of the cell, ultimately ending in cell necrosis.
In the case of non-biological systems, we present detailed protocols relating to quantifying the heat liberated by highly-concentrated NP colloids. For biological systems, in the case of in vitro experiments, we describe the techniques and conditions which must be adhered to in order to effectively expose cancer cells to RF energy without bulk media heating artifacts significantly obscuring the data. Finally, we give a detailed methodology for in vivo mouse models with ectopic hepatic cancer tumors.

We describe the protocols used to investigate the interactions of 13.56 MHz radiofrequency (RF) electric-fields with gold nanoparticle colloids in both non-biological and biological systems (in vitro/vivo). These interactions are being investigated for applications in cancer therapy.

Protocolos para Avaliação de radiofreqüência Interações com Nanopartículas de Ouro e Sistemas biológicos para terapia não-invasiva Câncer Hipertermia

Cancer therapies  which are less toxic and invasive than their existing counterparts are highly  desirable. The use of RF electric-fields that penetrate ...

Medicina

Parabiosis in Mice: A Detailed Protocol

Parabiosis is a surgical union of two organisms allowing sharing of the blood circulation. Attaching the skin of two animals promotes formation of microvasculature at the site of inflammation. Parabiotic partners share their circulating antigens and thus are free of adverse immune reaction. First described by Paul Bert in 18641, the parabiosis surgery was refined by Bunster and Meyer in 1933 to improve animal survival2. In the current protocol, two mice are surgically joined following a modification of the Bunster and Meyer technique. Animals are connected through the elbow and knee joints followed by attachment of the skin allowing firm support that prevents strain on the sutured skin. Herein, we describe in detail the parabiotic joining of a ubiquitous GFP expressing mouse to a wild type (WT) mouse. Two weeks after the procedure, the pair is separated and GFP positive cells can be detected by flow cytometric analysis in the blood circulation of the WT mouse. The blood chimerism allows one to examine the contribution of the circulating cells from one animal in the other.

Parabiotic joining of two organisms leads to the development of a shared circulatory system. In this protocol, we describe the surgical steps to form a parabiotic connection between a wild-type mouse and a constitutive GFP-expressing mouse.

Parabiose em Ratos: Um protocolo detalhado

Parabiosis is a surgical union of two organisms allowing sharing of the blood circulation. Attaching the skin of two animals promotes formation of ...

Carotid Artery Infusions for Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Analysis of Taxanes in Mice

When proposing the use of a drug, drug combination, or drug delivery into a novel system, one must assess the pharmacokinetics of the drug in the study model. As the use of mouse models are often a vital step in preclinical drug discovery and drug development1-8, it is necessary to design a system to introduce drugs into mice in a uniform, reproducible manner. Ideally, the system should permit the collection of blood samples at regular intervals over a set time course. The ability to measure drug concentrations by mass-spectrometry, has allowed investigators to follow the changes in plasma drug levels over time in individual mice1, 9, 10. In this study, paclitaxel was introduced into transgenic mice as a continuous arterial infusion over three hours, while blood samples were simultaneously taken by retro-orbital bleeds at set time points. Carotid artery infusions are a potential alternative to jugular vein infusions, when factors such as mammary tumors or other obstructions make jugular infusions impractical. Using this technique, paclitaxel concentrations in plasma and tissue achieved similar levels as compared to jugular infusion. In this tutorial, we will demonstrate how to successfully catheterize the carotid artery by preparing an optimized catheter for the individual mouse model, then show how to insert and secure the catheter into the mouse carotid artery, thread the end of the catheter out through the back of the mouse&#8217;s neck, and hook the mouse to a pump to deliver a controlled rate of drug influx. Multiple low volume retro-orbital bleeds allow for analysis of plasma drug concentrations over time.

This method was developed with the goal of delivering a steady drug solution via the carotid artery, to assess the pharmacokinetics of novel drugs in mouse models.

Infusões artéria carótida para farmacocinéticas e farmacodinâmicas Análise de taxanos em Ratos

When proposing the use of a drug, drug combination, or drug delivery into a novel system, one must assess the pharmacokinetics of the drug in the study ...

Long-term Blood Pressure Measurement in Freely Moving Mice Using Telemetry

During the development of new vasoactive agents, arterial blood pressure monitoring is crucial for evaluating the efficacy of the new proposed drugs. Indeed, research focusing on the discovery of new potential therapeutic targets using genetically altered mice requires a reliable, long-term assessment of the systemic arterial pressure variation. Currently, the gold standard for obtaining long-term measurements of blood pressure in ambulatory mice uses implantable radio-transmitters, which require&#160;artery cannulation. This technique eliminates the need for tethering, restraining, or anesthetizing the animals which introduce stress and artifacts during data sampling. However, arterial blood pressure monitoring in mice via catheterization can be rather challenging due to the small size of the arteries. Here we present a step-by-step guide to illustrate the crucial key passages for a successful subcutaneous implantation of radio-transmitters and carotid artery cannulation in mice. We also include examples of long-term blood pressure activity taken from freely moving mice after a period of post-surgery recovery. Following this procedure will allow reliable direct blood pressure recordings from multiple animals simultaneously.

The goal of this protocol is to assess systemic blood pressure in conscious freely moving mice using implantable radio-telemetry devices.

Longo prazo medição de pressão arterial em ratos movimentando-se livremente utilizar telemetria

During the development of new vasoactive agents, arterial blood pressure monitoring is crucial for evaluating the efficacy of the new proposed drugs. ...

Body Composition and Metabolic Caging Analysis in High Fat Fed Mice

Alterations to body composition (fat or lean mass), metabolic parameters such as whole-body oxygen consumption, energy expenditure, and substrate utilization, and behaviors such as food intake and physical activity can provide important information regarding the underlying mechanisms of disease. Given the importance of body composition and metabolism to the development of obesity and its subsequent sequelae, it is necessary to make accurate measures of these parameters in the pre-clinical research setting. Advances in technology over the past few decades have made it possible to derive these measures in rodent models in a non-invasive and longitudinal fashion. Consequently, these metabolic measures have proven useful when assessing the response of genetic manipulations (for example knockout or transgenic mice, viral knock-down or overexpression of genes), experimental drug/compound screening and dietary, behavioral or physical activity interventions. Herein, we describe the protocols used to measure body composition and metabolic parameters using an animal monitoring system in chow-fed and high fat diet-fed mice.

This protocol describes the use of a body composition analyzer and metabolic animal monitoring system to characterize body composition and metabolic parameters in mice. An obesity model induced by high-fat feeding is used as an example for the application of these techniques.

Composição corporal e análise de enjaulamento metabólico em ratos de alta gordura Fed

Alterations to body composition (fat or lean mass), metabolic parameters such as whole-body oxygen consumption, energy expenditure, and substrate ...

Protocol to Create Chronic Wounds in Diabetic Mice

Chronic wounds develop as a result of defective regulation in one or more complex cellular and molecular processes involved in proper healing. They impact ~6.5M people and cost ~$40B/year in the US alone. Although a significant effort has been invested in understanding how chronic wounds develop in humans, fundamental questions remain unanswered. Recently, we developed a novel mouse model for diabetic chronic wounds that have many characteristics of human chronic wounds. Using db/db-/- mice, we can generate chronic wounds by inducing high levels of oxidative stress (OS) in the wound tissue immediately after wounding, using a one-time treatment with inhibitors specific to the antioxidant enzymes catalase and glutathione peroxidase. These wounds have high levels of OS, develop biofilm naturally, become fully chronic within 20 days after treatment and can remain open more for more than 60 days. This novel model has many features of diabetic chronic wounds in humans and therefore can contribute significantly to advancing fundamental understanding of how wounds become chronic. This is a major breakthrough because chronic wounds in humans cause significant pain and distress to patients and result in amputation if unresolved. Moreover, these wounds are very expensive and time-consuming to treat, and lead to significant loss of personal income to patients. Advancements in this field of study through the use of our chronic wound model can significantly improve health care for millions who suffer under this debilitating condition. In this protocol, we describe in great detail the procedure to cause acute wounds to become chronic, which has not been done before.

Chronic wounds are developed from acute wounds on a diabetic mouse model by inducing high levels of oxidative stress after a full-thickness cutaneous wound. The wound is treated with inhibitors for catalase and glutathione peroxidase, resulting in impaired healing and biofilm development by bacteria present in the skin microbiome.

Protocolo para criar feridas crônicas em camundongos diabéticos

Chronic wounds develop as a result of defective regulation in one or more complex cellular and molecular processes involved in proper healing. They impact ...

Handheld Metal Detector Screening for Metallic Foreign Body Ingestion in Children

Coins are the most common ingested metallic foreign bodies among children. The goal of this protocol is to assess the accuracy and feasibility of using a handheld metal detector to detect ingested metallic foreign bodies in children. We propose that by introducing handheld metal detector screening early in the triage process of children with high suspicion of metallic foreign body ingestion, the number of radiographs being ordered to localize the metallic foreign body can be reduced in this radio-sensitive population. The study protocol requires the screening of the participants for history of foreign body ingestion and exclusion of patients with respiratory distress or metallic implants. The patient changes to hospital gown and items that could contain metal like eyeglasses, earrings, pendants, and ornaments are removed. The patient is positioned in the center of the room away from other metallic interferences. The working status of the handheld metal detector is first confirmed by eliciting a positive audio-visual signal. Then the screening is done in an erect position with head in extension to expose the neck, from the level of the chin to the level of the hip joint, to cover the anatomical areas from neck to pelvis in a zig-zag manner both anteriorly and posteriorly. A positive audio-visual signal is carefully noted during the scanning for the presence of metallic foreign body. Relevant radiographs are ordered as per the area detected on the metal detector screening. The handheld metal detector was able to precisely identify all the coins among the ingested metallic foreign bodies in our study. The handheld metal detector could not consistently detect non-coin metallic foreign bodies. This protocol demonstrates the accuracy of handheld metal detector in the identification and localization of coins and coin like metallic foreign bodies.

Here, we present a protocol to use the handheld metal detector, to screen for the presence of ingested metallic foreign bodies in children who present to the pediatric emergency medicine department with a history of foreign body ingestion.

Triagem de Detector de metais portátil para ingestão de corpo estranho metálico em crianças

Coins are the most common ingested metallic foreign bodies among children. The goal of this protocol is to assess the accuracy and feasibility of using a ...

Whole Body and Regional Quantification of Active Human Brown Adipose Tissue Using 18F-FDG PET/CT

In endothermic animals, brown adipose tissue (BAT) is activated to produce heat for defending body temperature in response to cold. BAT&#39;s ability to expend energy has made it a potential target for novel therapies to ameliorate obesity and associated metabolic disorders in humans. Though this tissue has been well studied in small animals, BAT&#39;s thermogenic capacity in humans remains largely unknown due to the difficulties of measuring its volume, activity, and distribution. Identifying and quantifying active human BAT is commonly performed using 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) scans following cold-exposure or pharmacological activation. Here we describe a detailed image-analysis approach to quantify total-body human BAT from 18F-FDG PET/CT scans using an open-source software. We demonstrate the drawing of user-specified regions of interest to identify metabolically active adipose tissue while avoiding common non-BAT tissues, to measure BAT volume and activity, and to further characterize its anatomical distribution. Although this rigorous approach is time-consuming, we believe it will ultimately provide a foundation to develop future automated BAT quantification algorithms.

Whole Body and Regional Quantification of Active Human Brown Adipose Tissue Using 18F-FDG PET/CT

Using free, open-source software, we have developed an analytical approach to quantify total and regional brown adipose tissue (BAT) volume and metabolic activity of BAT using 18F-FDG PET/CT.

Todo o corpo e quantificação Regional de ativo humano marrom tecido adiposo usando 18F-FDG PET-CT

In endothermic animals, brown adipose tissue (BAT) is activated to produce heat for defending body temperature in response to cold. BAT&#39;s ability to ...

A Whole Body Dosimetry Protocol for Peptide-Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT): 2D Planar Image and Hybrid 2D+3D SPECT/CT Image Methods

Peptide-receptor-radionuclide-therapy (PPRT) is a targeted therapy that combines a short-range energy radionuclide with a substrate with high specificity for cancer cell receptors. After injection, the radiotracer is distributed throughout the entire body, with a higher uptake in tissues where targeted receptors are overexpressed. The use of beta/gamma radionuclide emitters enables therapy imaging (beta-emission) and post-therapy imaging (gamma-emission) to be performed at the same time. Post-treatment sequential images permit absorbed dose calculation based on local uptake and wash-in/wash-out kinetics. We implemented a hybrid method that combines information derived from both 2D and 3D images. Serial whole-body images and blood samples are acquired to estimate the absorbed dose to different organs at risk and to lesions disseminated throughout the body. A single 3D-SPECT/CT image, limited to the abdominal region, overcomes projection overlap on planar images of different structures such as the intestines and kidneys. The hybrid 2D+3D-SPECT/CT method combines the effective half-life information derived from 2D planar images with the local uptake distribution derived from 3D images. We implemented this methodology to estimate the absorbed dose for patients undergoing PRRT with 177Lu-PSMA-617. The methodology could, however, be implemented with other beta-gamma radiotracers. To date, 10 patients have been enrolled into the dosimetry study with 177Lu-PSMA-617 combined with drug protectors for kidneys and salivary glands (mannitol and glutamate tablets, respectively). The median ratio between kidney uptake at 24 h evaluated on planar images and 3D-SPECT/CT is 0.45 (range:0.32-1.23). The comparison between hybrid and full 3D approach has been tested on one patient, resulting in a 1.6% underestimation with respect to full 3D (2D: 0.829 mGy/MBq, hybrid: 0.315 mGy/MBq, 3D: 0.320 mGy/MBq). Treatment safety has been confirmed, with a mean absorbed dose of 0.73 mGy/MBq (range:0.26-1.07) for kidneys, 0.56 mGy/MBq (0.33-2.63) for the parotid glands and 0.63 mGy/MBq (0.23-1.20) for submandibular glands, values in accordance with previously published data.

A Whole Body Dosimetry Protocol for Peptide-Receptor Radionuclide Therapy PRRT: 2D Planar Image and Hybrid 2D+3D SPECT/CT Image Methods

This method estimates the absorbed dose of different structures for peptide-receptor-radionuclide-therapy (PRRT) with the possibility of avoiding organ overlap on 2D-projections. Serial whole-body planar images permit estimation of mean absorbed doses along the whole body, while the hybrid approach, combining planar images and 3D-SPECT/CT image, overcomes the limitations of structure overlapping.

Um protocolo de dosimetria corporal inteira para terapia de radionuclídeo peptídeo-receptor (PRRT): imagem planar 2D e métodos híbridos de imagem 2D+3D SPECT/CT

Peptide-receptor-radionuclide-therapy (PPRT) is a targeted therapy that combines a short-range energy radionuclide with a substrate with high specificity ...

Assessing Whole-Body Lipid-Handling Capacity in Mice

Assessing lipid metabolism is a cornerstone of evaluating metabolic function, and it is considered essential for in vivo metabolism studies. Lipids are a class of many different molecules with many pathways involved in their synthesis and metabolism. A starting point for evaluating lipid hemostasis for nutrition and obesity research is needed. This paper describes three easy and accessible methods that require little expertise or practice to master, and that can be adapted by most labs to screen for lipid-metabolism abnormalities in mice. These methods are (1) measuring several fasting serum lipid molecules using commercial kits (2) assaying for dietary lipid-handling capability through an oral intralipid tolerance test, and (3) evaluating the response to a pharmaceutical compound, CL 316,243, in mice. Together, these methods will provide a high-level overview of lipid handling capability in mice.

This paper provides three easy and accessible assays for assessing lipid metabolism in mice.

Avaliando a capacidade de manuseio de lipídios em camundongos

Assessing lipid metabolism is a cornerstone of evaluating metabolic function, and it is considered essential for in vivo metabolism studies. Lipids are a ...