Bu araştırma, Amerikan Kalp Birliği hibe 0950118G.to MC-W tarafından kısmen desteklenmiştir.

1. , Anti-PECAM-1 antikor konjuge manyetik boncuk hazırlanması (Dynabeads) <ol><li> PBS içinde% 0,1 BSA BSA eriyene kadar bir vorteks kullanarak 50 ml PBS içinde 50 mg BSA karıştırma hazırlayın. 0.22 mikron şırınga filtre ile filtreleme ile sterilize edin. 4 ° C saklayınız </li><li> TC kaput, 1.5 ml Eppendorf tüp içine yeniden süspanse koyun anti-fare IgG Dynabeads 200 ul transferi ve boncuklar yıkamak: Dağı tüp MPC ve tortu boncuk izin vermek için yaklaşık 1 dakika bekletin. Süpernatant aspire, MPC tüp kaldırmak ve 1 ml steril% 0,1 BSA / PBS boncuklar tekrar süspansiyon haline getirin. Boncuklar tekrar süspansiyon pipet ve aşağı yukarı. </li><li> Toplam dört yıkama, yıkama üç kez daha tekrarlayın. </li><li> MPC&#39;den tüpünü çıkarın ve% 0,1 BSA / PBS 500 ul boncuklar tekrar süspansiyon haline getirin. </li><li> Tüpüne 10 ul sıçan anti-fare PECAM-1 (CD-31) antikor ekleyin. </li><li> Soğuk oda veya oda sıcaklığında 2 saat 4 ° C&#39;de gece Tumble. </li><li> Adım 1.2 dört kez açıklandığı gibi steril% 0,1 BSA / PBS ile boncuk yıkayın. </li><li> MPC&#39;den tüpünü çıkarın ve 200 ul% 0,1 BSA / PBS boncuklar tekrar süspansiyon haline getirin. Mağaza, anti-PECAM-1 antikor konjuge Dynabeads 4 ° C 1 aya kadar. </li></ol> 2. Yenidoğan farelerin Yalıtımlı fare pulmoner endotel hücreleri Doku arıtma protokol geçmeden önce, işlemin IACUC Komitesi onayı gereklidir. <ol><li> Aşağıdakileri hazırlayın: <ul><li> DMEM 1 mg / ml &#39;C / D çözümü, 15 ml. 37 filtre ve sıcak 0.22 mikron şırınga ile Filtre ° C </li><li> 50 ml konik tüp 15 ml DMEM, buz üzerinde mağaza ile </li><li> DMEM% 20 FBS ve 1x penisilin / streptomisin içeren İzolasyon Media (IM) </li><li> Jelatin 2%. 100 ml, 4 gg su, otoklav 15 dakika ve mağaza ° C 2 g sığır cilt jelatin karıştırın Sıcak - 37 ° C kaplama TC şişeler önce sıvılaştığını. </li></ul></li><li> Ketamin (100 mg / kg) ve xylazine (10 mg / kg) bir IP enjeksiyon kullanarak üç 6-8 günlük yavrular anestezisi. Aşağıdaki gibi anestezi etkinliğini kontrol edin ve hayvanların tek tek teşrih: kuruluna Pin yavrular, steril diseksiyon makas ile göğüs bölgesinde cilt,% 70 Etanol ile deri emmek ve kaldırmak. Akciğerler maruz Vergi göğüs kafesi. </li><li> Aseptik tüketim bireysel akciğer lobları, dikkatli olmak, bronşlar ve akciğerlerin etrafında görünür bir bağ dokusu incelemek. Buz DMEM tüm akciğerler birleştirin. Yavrular Euthanize. </li><li> TC kaput, 100 mm TC çanak yer DMEM akciğer lobları kaldırmak ve aşırı DMEM aspire. </li><li> Steril makas kullanarak, ~ 100 kere keserek ince doku kıyma. Enzimatik sindirim için 15 ml sıcak C / D çözümü transfer. Rotator 37 ° C&#39;de 45 dakika inkübe edin. </li><li> TC kaput, tek bir hücre süspansiyonu içine 14 gr kanül bağlı ve çiğnemek kümeleri, en az 12 kere, 20 ml şırınganın içine sindirilmiş doku süspansiyon aspire. </li><li> 70 mikron hücre süzgecinden doku süspansiyonu Pass ve süzgeç sindirim durdurmak için 15 ml IM ile yıkayın. </li><li> Pelet 400x g de 5 dakika santrifüj hücre süspansiyonu. </li><li> 3 ml% 0,1 BSA / PBS aspire süpernatant ve tekrar süspansiyon pelet. </li><li> Hücre süspansiyonu 5 ml yuvarlak alt polistiren tüp transferi ve 22.5 ul anti-PECAM-1 antikor konjuge Dynabeads ekleyin. 12 dakika oda sıcaklığında Tumble. </li><li> Kat 2 ml% 2 jelatin ve aspirat fazla jelatin ile T75 şişesi. TC kaput kaplama öncesi hücreleri yaklaşık 30 dakika içinde kuru jelatin izin ver. </li><li> (Adım 2.10), boncuk inkübasyon tamamlandıktan sonra üç Eppendorf tüpleri içine eşit hücre süspansiyonu bölünmüş ve MPC monte. </li><li> Boncuklar, MPC (~ 1 dak.) Kullanarak tortulaşmış olduğunda, supernatant toplamak MPC&#39;den tüp kaldırmak, boncuk yıkayın ~ 1 ml% 0,1 BSA / PBS, MPC ve sonra yeniden bağlayın. </li><li> Dört kez (toplam 5 yıkar) yıkamak tekrarlayın. </li><li> VascuLife 1 ml EnGS-Mv Yaşam Faktörler Kit ve tüp başına 1x penisilin / streptomisin (VL) ile yeniden süspanse boncuk, iyi karıştırma. </li><li> Bir ön-T75 balon kaplı Plaka ve her bir cam şişe içinde toplam hacim 10 ml VL getirmek. </li><li> Büyüme, 1 tam gün izin medya ertesi gün değiştirin ve sonra her gün medyanın yarısını değiştirmek. Hücreleri (genellikle 3-4 gün sonra kültür)&gt;% 70-80 konfluent veya daha fazla zaman, anti-ICAM-2 Dynabeads sıralanabilir. </li></ol> 3. Hazırlanması, anti-ICAM-2 antikor konjuge Dynabeads <ol><li> Anti-ICAM-2 antikor konjuge Dynabeads konfluent kadar anti-PECAM-1 Dynabeads antikor konjuge ve kültür ile seçilmiş olan hücreler daha fazla saflaştırmak için kullanılır. Bu prosedür, bu anti-fare ICAM-2 (CD-102) antikor, anti-PECAM-1 antikor yerine kullanılır dışında, anti-PECAM-1 antikor konjuge Dynabeads (1, yukarıda) anlatıldığı gibi yapılır. </li><li> Anti-ICAM-2 antikor konjuge Dynabeads ° C için 4 saklanabilir1 aya kadar. </li></ol> 4. Anti-ICAM-2 Dynabeads Fare Akciğer Endotel Hücreleri Sıralama <ol><li> % 2 jelatin ile Coat T75 doku kültürü şişesi. </li><li> Hücreleri ile balon konfluent T75 medya aspire ve 8 ml PBS ile yıkayın. </li><li> Aspire PBS, 2 ml% 0.05 tripsin / EDTA (yaklaşık 5 dakika) hücreleri ayırmak. Ayrılmakta yardım şişeler hafifçe dokunun. </li><li> Hücreleri müstakil, tripsin ve kazıma hücrelerini inhibe kalan yapışık hücreleri ayırmak için 2 ml IM ekleyin. 15 ml tüp Transfer hücre süspansiyonu ve 400x g. az 5 dakika aşağı doğru döndürün </li><li> 2 ml% 0,1 BSA / PBS medya ve tekrar süspansiyon hücre pelletini aspire edin. </li><li> 5 ml polistiren yuvarlak alt tüp transferi ve 10 ul anti-ICAM-2 Dynabeads ekleyin. RT 12 dakika Tumble. </li><li> MPC üzerinde iki adet 1,5 ml Eppendorf tüpleri ve montaj Split hücre süspansiyonu. </li><li> Boncuklar bir dakika süreyle uyulması sonra süpernatant aspire edin. MPC&#39;den tüpler çıkarın ve 1 ml% 0,1 BSA / PBS her tüp tekrar süspansiyon haline getirin. PPK üzerinde tekrar bağlayın. </li><li> Dört kez (toplam 5 yıkar) yıkayın tekrarlayın. </li><li> Her tüpe 1 ml VL ile yeniden süspanse edin ve bir hücre sayımı gerçekleştirmek. </li><li> , T25, termos ve / veya T75 şişesi ortalama 750 bin-1 milyon hücre başına 250-350K hücreleri Plaka hücreleri. </li><li> T25 şişelerde 5 ml, VL ve T75 şişeler 10 ml hacim kazandırın. </li><li> Her gün medya değiştirin. Kültür genellikle 2-3 gün, yaklaşık 80% confluency ulaştığında Hücreler deneyler için kullanılabilir. </li></ol> 5. Temsilcisi Sonuçlar Tipik olarak, 6-7 gün sonra hücrelerin ilk hazırlık, yaklaşık 1,2 elde edebilmek üç 6-8 gün eski yavrular 1.5 x 10 6 pulmoner endotel hücreleri. Hücreler ışık mikroskobu altında tipik &quot;arnavut kaldırımı&quot; morfolojisi ekran ve endotel hücreleri (Şekil 1) için karakteristik olan VE-cadherin (CD144) hücre-hücre kavşaklarda boyama, göstermek. MLECs ifade VE cadherin ve VEGFR2 çoğunluğu FACS analizi (Şekil 2) göstermiştir. Genellikle, ilk MLEC izolasyon sonra iki hafta içinde deneyler için bunları kullanmak. <img src="/files/ftp_upload/2316/2316fig1.jpg" alt="Şekil 1" /> Şekil 1 konfluent MLEC tek tabaka mikroskobik analizi. (A) Işık mikroskobu görüntü endotel hücreleri için tipik kültür hücrelerinin arnavut kaldırımlı morfolojisi gösterir. Birçok hücre perinükleer alanda bulunan Tekdüzen yuvarlak yapılar MLEC izolasyonu için kullanılan manyetik boncuk. (B) Endotel özel VE-kaderin konfokal mikroskobi kullanarak gösterildiği gibi hücre-hücre kavşaklarda lokalize olur. Bar 20μm bir temsilcisidir. <img src="/files/ftp_upload/2316/2316fig2.jpg" alt="Şekil 2" /> Şekil 2, endotel-spesifik belirteçler için spesifik antikorların etiketli kültürlü MLECs FACS analizi: fikoeritrin-konjuge sekonder antikor takip VE kaderin (CD144) veya VEGFR2 olarak suçlanan, izole MLECs endotel kimliğini doğruluyor . Kırmızı çizgi izotip özel kontrol gösterir, yeşil hat gösterir anti-VE-kaderin ya da anti-VEGFR2 özgü IgG.

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Protokolü AUA # 00001206 altında Wisconsin IACUC Komitesi Tıp Fakültesi tarafından belirlenen kurallara ve yönetmeliklere uygun olarak hayvanlar üzerinde deneyler yapıldı.

Mikrovasküler EC vasküler biyoloji birçok alanda yararlı bir model olduğu kanıtlanmış ve yaygın olarak incelenmiştir HUVECs 3 &#39;ünden (örneğin anjiyogenez) incelemek için daha fazla fizyolojik ilgili olduğu düşünülmektedir . Daha önce, bu mikrovasküler EC böbrek, kalp, deri, retina, beyin, gliomlar, yağ dokusu ve aynı zamanda akciğer 2, 4-7, 10, 11 elde edilebilir olduğu bildirilmiştir. Ancak, tutarlı ve güvenilir bir yöntemdir mikrovasküler EC izolasyonu için hala gereklidir. Burada sunulan yöntemle, daha önce yayınlanmış bir protokol 2 bir değişiklik; yavrular yerine yetişkin hayvanların kullandığı en yayınlanan prosedürleri farklıdır. Genç hayvanlardan elde edilen hücrelerin çoğalması potansiyeli yüksek ve dokulardan elde edilen kültürler, hücrelerin daha fazla sayıda verim eğilimi olarak bu izolasyon başarısı için çok önemlidir. Bir hafta eski hayvanların en iyi gibi görünüyor, ancak genç farelerde (4 gün eski) de kullanılabilir. Ayrıca, yavruların daha yüksek veya daha düşük sayıda bir yavru MLECs izole başarılı olduğu gibi, gerektiğinde kullanılan olabilir. Ancak, izolasyon işlemini ölçekleme veya aşağı iken, hücre kaplama yoğunluğu bu da hücre çoğalması için kritik olarak değişmeden kalmalıdır. Ilk anti-PECAM-1 konjuge manyetik boncuklar kullanarak MLECs ve anti-ICAM-2 antikorları daha 2 adım arınma süreci çok daha verimli, daha önce açıklanan tek bir adım arıtma işlemleri daha saf EC kültürler elde. Bu protokol, çok zahmetli bir el teknikleri, degrade santrifüj ve fibroblastlar, kan hücreleri ve düz kas hücreleri gibi atarak kirlenmesine neden olan hücreler için sıralama daha az verimli FACS kullanma ihtiyacı ortadan kaldırır. Anjiyogenik yanıtları, damar geçirgenliği ve lökosit göçüne in vitro analizi, iyileşme yanı sıra sinyal yolları biyokimyasal analiz yara sonucu MLEC nüfus kullanılabilir. Gerekirse, MLECs trans-endotelyal direnci (TER) ölçümleri için immünofloresan veya elektrod fibronektin veya jelatin kaplı lamelleri gibi farklı yüzeylerde kaplama olabilir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, giderek artan sayıda nakavt ve transgenik fare hatları bağlamında özellikle önemlidir in vivo gözlenen fenotipleri doğrudan mukayese edilebilir . In vitro analizi, in vivo gözlenen hatalarının altında yatan hücresel mekanizmaları için bu yöntemi başarılı bir şekilde uygulanması, zaten 12 sunulmuştur .

<table><tbody><tr><td>Spring scissors</td><td>Fine Science Tools</td><td>15032-13</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>forceps</td><td>Fine Science Tools</td><td>11223-20</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>14G cannula</td><td>Fisher Scientific</td><td>1482516N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>20 ml syringe</td><td>BD Biosciences</td><td>309661</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>BSA</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>A7030-100G</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>anti-rat IgG Dynabeads</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>110.35</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Magnetic Particle Concentrator (MPC)</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>123-21D</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>anti-mouse PECAM-1 antibody (CD-31)</td><td>BD Biosciences</td><td>553369</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>anti-mouse ICAM-2 antibody (CD-102) </td><td>BD Biosciences</td><td>553326</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Collagenase/Dispase (C/D)</td><td>Roche Group</td><td>11097113001</td><td>100mg/ml stock solution can be prepared and stored at -20&amp;#x00B0;C</td></tr><tr><td>DMEM</td><td>Cellgro</td><td>10-013-CV</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Bovine Skin Gelatin</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>#G9391-100G</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Vasculife EnGS-Mv complete kit (VL)</td><td>Lifeline Cell Technology</td><td>LL0004</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>0.05% Trypsin/EDTA </td><td>Mediatech, Inc.</td><td>25-052-CI</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cell strainer 70 &amp;mu;m nylon</td><td>Falcon BD</td><td>352350</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>tissue culture flask 75 cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;</td><td>Techno Plastic Products</td><td>90076</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

isolation and culture of pulmonary endothelial cells from neonatal mice

Endotel hücreleri, damar biyoloji birçok alanda yararlı bir araştırma modeli sağlar. Ilk izolasyon 1 yılından bu yana, insan umbilikal ven endotel hücreleri (HUVECs) en çok araştırılan endotel hücreleri, böylece kolay elde etmek ve kültürüne uygun görüldüğü gibi, ve. Ancak, anjiyogenez, geçirgenlik ya da diğerleri gibi süreçler üzerinde odaklanan araştırma, mikrovasküler endotel hücreleri (EC) 2. çalışma çok daha önemli fizyolojik model . Ayrıca, nakavt fareler izole edilen EC protein fonksiyon ex vivo analizi için yararlı bir araç sağlar . Çeşitli yaklaşımlar izole etmek ve kültür mikrovasküler farklı kökenli EC tarihten 3-7 bildirilen, ancak saf EC tutarlı izolasyonu ve kültürü hala birçok laboratuvarda büyük bir teknik sorun var. Burada, biz bir adım-adım protokol yalıtma ve kültür fare akciğer endotel hücreleri (MLECs) güvenilir ve nispeten basit bir yöntem sağlar. Bu yaklaşımda, akciğer dokusu 6 elde edilen 8 gün eski yavrular ilk kollajenaz / dispase (C / D) çözümü ile sindirilmiş, parçalar halinde kesilir ve tek hücre süspansiyonu içine mekanik dağınık. MLECS Manyetik Parçacık Yoğunlaştırıcı (PPK) kullanarak Dynabeads konjuge anti-PECAM-1 antikoru ile pozitif seçim kullanarak hücre süspansiyonu arınmış. Konfluent olana kadar saflaştırılmış Böyle hücreleri (TC) yemekleri, jelatin kaplı doku kültürü kültüre. Bu noktada, hücrelerin daha fazla anti-ICAM-2 antikoru ile birleştiğinde Dynabeads kullanarak saflaştırılmış. Bu protokol ile elde MLECs bir arnavut kaldırımlı fenotip, sergi, faz-kontrast ışık mikroskobu olarak görünür ve kendi endotel fenotipi anti-VE-kaderin 8 ve anti-VEGFR2 9 antikorlar ve immunofluorescent VE kaderin boyama FACS analizi kullanılarak teyit edilmiştir. Bizim ellerde, bu iki adımlı bir izolasyon prosedürü, tutarlı ve güvenilir MLECs saf bir nüfus, daha kültürlü olabilir verir. Bu yöntem, araştırmacılar, eleme ve izole MLECs üzerinde gerçekleştirilen in vitro deneylerde sonuçları in vivo çalışmalar doğrudan ilişkilendirmek için transgenik fareler sayıları giderek artan yararlanmak ve bu nedenle in vivo gözlenen vasküler fenotipleri moleküler mekanizmaları ortaya çıkarmak için yardım sağlayacaktır.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation and Culture of Pulmonary Endothelial Cells from Neonatal Mice at JoVE.com

Isolation and Culture of Pulmonary Endothelial Cells from Neonatal Mice

Burada, fare pulmoner endotel hücrelerin izolasyonu ve kültürü için bir protokol açıklar. Bu yöntem, mekanik ve enzimatik akciğer dokusunda ayrılma yanı sıra anti-PECAM-1 ve çoğunlukla mikrovasküler kökenli saf bir endotel hücre popülasyonu üreten manyetik boncuk, konjuge anti-ICAM-2 antikorları kullanarak 2-aşamalı bir arınma süreci kapsar.

Yenidoğan Fareler Pulmoner Endotel Hücreleri İzolasyon ve Kültür

Endothelial cells provide a useful research model in many areas of vascular biology. Since its first isolation 1, human umbilical vein endothelial cells ...

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Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

47.0K Görüntüleme.  BloodCenter of Wisconsin. Burada, fare pulmoner endotel hücrelerin izolasyonu ve kültürü için bir protokol açıklar. Bu yöntem, mekanik ve enzimatik akciğer dokusunda ayrılma yanı sıra anti-PECAM-1 ve çoğunlukla mikrovasküler kökenli saf bir endotel hücre popülasyonu üreten manyetik boncuk, konjuge anti-ICAM-2 antikorları kullanarak 2-aşamalı bir arınma süreci kapsar.

Video: Isolation and Culture of Pulmonary Endothelial Cells from Neonatal Mice

Generation of an Immortalized Murine Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Line as an In Vitro Blood Brain Barrier Model

Epithelial and endothelial cells (EC) are building paracellular barriers which protect the tissue from the external and internal environment. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) consisting of EC, astrocyte end-feet, pericytes and the basal membrane is responsible for the protection and homeostasis of the brain parenchyma. In vitro BBB models are common tools to study the structure and function of the BBB at the cellular level. A considerable number of different in vitro BBB models have been established for research in different laboratories to date. Usually, the cells are obtained from bovine, porcine, rat or mouse brain tissue (discussed in detail in the review by Wilhelm et al. 1). Human tissue samples are available only in a restricted number of laboratories or companies 2,3. While primary cell preparations are time consuming and the EC cultures can differ from batch to batch, the establishment of immortalized EC lines is the focus of scientific interest.
Here, we present a method for establishing an immortalized brain microvascular EC line from neonatal mouse brain. We describe the procedure step-by-step listing the reagents and solutions used. The method established by our lab allows the isolation of a homogenous immortalized endothelial cell line within four to five weeks. The brain microvascular endothelial cell lines termed cEND 4 (from cerebral cortex) and cerebEND 5 (from cerebellar cortex), were isolated according to this procedure in the F&ouml;rster laboratory and have been effectively used for explanation of different physiological and pathological processes at the BBB. Using cEND and cerebEND we have demonstrated that these cells respond to glucocorticoid- 4,6-9 and estrogen-treatment 10 as well as to pro-infammatory mediators, such as TNFalpha 5,8. Moreover, we have studied the pathology of multiple sclerosis 11 and hypoxia 12,13 on the EC-level. The cEND and cerebEND lines can be considered as a good tool for studying the structure and function of the BBB, cellular responses of ECs to different stimuli or interaction of the EC with lymphocytes or cancer cells.

Generation of an Immortalized Murine Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Line as an In Vitro Blood Brain Barrier Model

This method describes how to isolate and immortalize microvascular endothelial cells from mouse brain. We describe a step-by-step protocol starting from the homogenization of brain tissue, digestion steps, seeding and immortalization of the cells. Usually, it takes about five weeks to obtain a homogenous, immortalized microvascular endothelial cell line.

Bir olarak ölümsüzleştirdi murin Beyin Mikrovasküler Endotel Hücre Hattı Üretimi<em&gt; In Vitro</em&gt; Kan Beyin Bariyeri Modeli

Epithelial and endothelial cells (EC) are building paracellular barriers which protect the tissue from the external and internal environment. The ...

Nörobilim

Isolation and Culture of Endothelial Cells from the Embryonic Forebrain

Embryonic brain endothelial cells can serve as an important tool in the study of angiogenesis and neurovascular development and interactions. The two vascular networks of the embryonic forebrain, pial and periventricular, are spatially distinctive and have different origins and growth patterns. Endothelial cells from the pial and periventricular vascular networks have unique gene expression profiles and functions. Here we present a step-by-step protocol for isolation, culture, and verification of pure populations of endothelial cells from the periventricular vascular network (PVECs) of the embryonic forebrain (telencephalon). In this approach, telencephalon devoid of pial membrane obtained from embryonic day 15 mice is minced, digested with collagenase/dispase, and dispersed mechanically into a single cell suspension. PVECs are purified from cell suspension using positive selection with anti-CD-31/PECAM-1 antibody conjugated to MicroBeads using a strong magnetic separation method. Purified cells are cultured on collagen 1&#160;coated culture dishes in endothelial cell culture medium until they become confluent and further subcultured. PVECs obtained with this protocol exhibit cobblestone and spindle shaped phenotypes, as visualized by phase-contrast light microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. Purity of PVEC cultures was established with endothelial cell markers. In our hands, this method reliably and consistently yields pure populations of PVECs. This protocol will benefit studies aimed at gaining mechanistic insights into forebrain angiogenesis, understanding PVEC interactions, and cross-talks with neuronal cell types and holds tremendous potential for therapeutic angiogenesis.

This video demonstrates an easy and reliable strategy for preparation of pure cultures of endothelial cells from the embryonic forebrain within 10-12 days and will be useful for research focused on many aspects of cerebral angiogenesis.

Embriyonik ön beyin gelen Endotel Hücreleri İzolasyon ve Kültürü

Embryonic brain endothelial cells can serve as an important tool in the study of angiogenesis and neurovascular development and interactions. The two ...

Isolation of Primary Murine Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells

The blood-brain-barrier is ultrastructurally assembled by a monolayer of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC) interconnected by a junctional complex of tight and adherens junctions. Together with other cell-types such as astrocytes or pericytes, they form the neurovascular unit (NVU), which specifically regulates the interchange of fluids, molecules and cells between the peripheral blood and the CNS. Through this complex and dynamic system BMECs are involved in various processes maintaining the homeostasis of the CNS. A dysfunction of the BBB is observed as an essential step in the pathogenesis of many severe CNS diseases. However, specific and targeted therapies are very limited, as the underlying mechanisms are still far from being understood. 
Animal and in vitro models have been extensively used to gain in-depth understanding of complex physiological and pathophysiological processes. By reduction and simplification it is possible to focus the investigation on the subject of interest and to exclude a variety of confounding factors. However, comparability and transferability are also reduced in model systems, which have to be taken into account for evaluation. The most common animal models are based on mice, among other reasons, mainly due to the constantly increasing possibilities of methodology. In vitro studies of isolated murine BMECs might enable an in-depth analysis of their properties and of the blood-brain-barrier under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Further insights into the complex mechanisms at the BBB potentially provide the basis for new therapeutic strategies.
This protocol describes a method to isolate primary murine microvascular endothelial cells by a sequence of physical and chemical purification steps. Special considerations for purity and cultivation of MBMECs as well as quality control, potential applications and limitations are discussed.

Brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC) are interconnected by specific junctional proteins forming a highly regulated barrier separating blood and the central nervous system (CNS), the so-called blood-brain-barrier (BBB). The isolation of primary murine brain microvascular endothelial cells, as discussed in this protocol, enables detailed in vitro studies of the BBB.

İlköğretim Kemirgen Beyin mikrovasküler endotel hücreleri İzolasyonu

The blood-brain-barrier is ultrastructurally assembled by a monolayer of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC) interconnected by a junctional ...

Isolation and Culture Expansion of Tumor-specific Endothelial Cells

Freshly isolated tumor-specific endothelial cells (TEC) can be used to explore molecular mechanisms of tumor angiogenesis and serve as an in vitro model for developing new angiogenesis inhibitors for cancer. However, long-term in vitro expansion of murine endothelial cells (EC) is challenging due to phenotypic drift in culture (endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition) and contamination with non-EC. This is especially true for TEC which are readily outcompeted by co-purified fibroblasts or tumor cells in culture. Here, a high fidelity isolation method that takes advantage of immunomagnetic enrichment coupled with colony selection and in vitro expansion is described. This approach generates pure EC fractions that are entirely free of contaminating stromal or tumor cells. It is also shown that lineage-traced Cdh5cre:ZsGreenl/s/l reporter mice, used with the protocol described herein, are a valuable tool to verify cell purity as the isolated EC colonies from these mice show durable and brilliant ZsGreen fluorescence in culture.

We report a reliable method to isolate and culture primary tumor-specific endothelial cells from genetically engineered mouse models.

Tümör spesifik Endotel Hücreleri İzolasyon ve Kültürü Genişleme

Freshly isolated tumor-specific endothelial cells (TEC) can be used to explore molecular mechanisms of tumor angiogenesis and serve as an in vitro model ...

Tıp

Isolation and Culture of Neonatal Mouse Cardiomyocytes

Cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes have long been used to study myofibrillogenesis and myofibrillar functions. Cultured cardiomyocytes allow for easy investigation and manipulation of biochemical pathways, and their effect on the biomechanical properties of spontaneously beating cardiomyocytes.	
The following 2-day protocol describes the isolation and culture of neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes. We show how to easily dissect hearts from neonates, dissociate the cardiac tissue and enrich cardiomyocytes from the cardiac cell-population. We discuss the usage of different enzyme mixes for cell-dissociation, and their effects on cell-viability. The isolated cardiomyocytes can be subsequently used for a variety of morphological, electrophysiological, biochemical, cell-biological or biomechanical assays. We optimized the protocol for robustness and reproducibility, by using only commercially available solutions and enzyme mixes that show little lot-to-lot variability. We also address common problems associated with the isolation and culture of cardiomyocytes, and offer a variety of options for the optimization of isolation and culture conditions.

Primary mouse cardiomyocyte cultures are one of the pivotal tools for the investigation of myofibrillar organization and function. The following protocol describes the isolation and culture of primary cardiomyocytes from neonatal mouse hearts. The resulting cardiomyocyte cultures may be subsequently used for a variety of biomechanical, biochemical and cell-biological assays.

İzolasyon ve Kültür Yenidoğan Fare kardiyomiyositlerin

Cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes have long been used to study  myofibrillogenesis and myofibrillar functions. Cultured cardiomyocytes allow  for easy ...

Biyoloji

Isolation of Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells from Neonatal Mice

Pulmonary hypertension is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in infants. Historically, there has been significant study of the signaling pathways involved in vascular smooth muscle contraction in PASMC from fetal sheep. While sheep make an excellent model of term pulmonary hypertension, they are very expensive and lack the advantage of genetic manipulation found in mice. Conversely, the inability to isolate PASMC from mice was a significant limitation of that system. Here we described the isolation of primary cultures of mouse PASMC from P7, P14, and P21 mice using a variation of the previously described technique of Marshall et al.26 that was previously used to isolate rat PASMC. These murine PASMC represent a novel tool for the study of signaling pathways in the neonatal period. Briefly, a slurry of 0.5% (w/v) agarose + 0.5% iron particles in M199 media is infused into the pulmonary vascular bed via the right ventricle (RV). The iron particles are 0.2 &#956;M in diameter and cannot pass through the pulmonary capillary bed. Thus, the iron lodges in the small pulmonary arteries (PA). The lungs are inflated with agarose, removed and dissociated. The iron-containing vessels are pulled down with a magnet. After collagenase (80 U/ml) treatment and further dissociation, the vessels are put into a tissue culture dish in M199 media containing 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS), and antibiotics (M199 complete media) to allow cell migration onto the culture dish. This initial plate of cells is a 50-50 mixture of fibroblasts and PASMC. Thus, the pull down procedure is repeated multiple times to achieve a more pure PASMC population and remove any residual iron. Smooth muscle cell identity is confirmed by immunostaining for smooth muscle myosin and desmin.

We have developed a novel and reproducible technique to isolate primary cultures of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) from mice as young as P7, thereby allowing better study of the signaling pathways involved in neonatal smooth muscle cell contraction and relaxation.

Yenidoğan fareler ile Pulmoner Arter Düz Kas Hücre İzolasyonu

Pulmonary hypertension is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in infants. Historically, there has been significant study of the signaling ...

Isolation of Primary Mouse Lung Endothelial Cells

Endothelial cells play critical roles in the regulation of vascular tone, immunity, coagulation, and permeability. Endothelial dysfunction occurs in medical conditions including diabetes, atherosclerosis, sepsis, and acute lung injury. A reliable and reproducible method to isolate pure endothelial cells from mice is needed to investigate the role of endothelial cells in the pathogenesis of these and other conditions. In this protocol, lung microvascular endothelial cells were prepared from 5-7 day old neonatal mouse pups. Lungs are harvested, minced, and enzymatically digested with collagenase I, and released cells are cultured overnight. Endothelial cells are then selected using anti-PECAM1 (CD-31) IgG conjugated to magnetic beads, and cells again are cultured to confluence. A secondary cell selection then occurs with anti-ICAM2 (CD-102) IgG conjugated to magnetic beads to increase the purity of the endothelial cells, and the cells again are cultured to confluence. The entire process takes approximately 7-10 days before the cells can be used for experimentation. This simple protocol yields highly pure (purity &#62;92%) endothelial cells that can be immediately used for in vitro studies, including the studies focused on endothelial cytokine and chemokine production, leukocyte-endothelial interactions, endothelial coagulation pathways, and endothelial permeability. With many knockouts and transgenic mouse lines available, this procedure also lends itself to understanding the function of specific genes expressed by endothelial cells in healthy and pathologic responses to injury, infection, and inflammation.

In this article, primary lung endothelial cells were isolated and cultured from neonatal mice.

Primer Fare Akciğer Endotel Hücrelerinin İzolasyonu

Endothelial cells play critical roles in the regulation of vascular tone, immunity, coagulation, and permeability. Endothelial dysfunction occurs in ...

İmmünoloji ve Enfeksiyon

Isolation of Murine Valve Endothelial Cells

Normal valve structures consist of stratified layers of specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) interspersed with valve interstitial cells (VICs) and surrounded by a monolayer of valve endothelial cells (VECs). VECs play essential roles in establishing the valve structures during embryonic development, and are important for maintaining life-long valve integrity and function. In contrast to a continuous endothelium over the surface of healthy valve leaflets, VEC disruption is commonly observed in malfunctioning valves and is associated with pathological processes that promote valve disease and dysfunction. Despite the clinical relevance, focused studies determining the contribution of VECs to development and disease processes are limited. The isolation of VECs from animal models would allow for cell-specific experimentation. VECs have been isolated from large animal adult models but due to their small population size, fragileness, and lack of specific markers, no reports of VEC isolations in embryos or adult small animal models have been reported. Here we describe a novel method that allows for the direct isolation of VECs from mice at embryonic and adult stages. Utilizing the Tie2-GFP reporter model that labels all endothelial cells with Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP), we have been successful in isolating GFP-positive (and negative) cells from the semilunar and atrioventricular valve regions using fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). Isolated GFP-positive VECs are enriched for endothelial markers, including CD31 and von Willebrand Factor (vWF), and retain endothelial cell expression when cultured; while, GFP-negative cells exhibit molecular profiles and cell shapes consistent with VIC phenotypes. The ability to isolate embryonic and adult murine VECs allows for previously unattainable molecular and functional studies to be carried out on a specific valve cell population, which will greatly improve our understanding of valve development and disease mechanisms.

The ability to isolate heart valve endothelial cells (VECs) is critical for understanding mechanisms of valve development, maintenance, and disease. Here we describe the isolation of VECs from embryonic and adult Tie2-GFP mice using FACS that will allow for studies determining the contribution of VECs in developmental and disease processes.

Murin Vana Endotel Hücreleri İzolasyon

Normal valve structures consist of stratified layers of specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) interspersed with valve interstitial cells (VICs) and ...

Isolation and Primary Culture of Mouse Aortic Endothelial Cells

The vascular endothelium is essential to normal vascular homeostasis. Its dysfunction participates in various cardiovascular disorders. The mouse is an important model for cardiovascular disease research. This study demonstrates a simple method to isolate and culture endothelial cells from the mouse aorta without any special equipment. To isolate endothelial cells, the thoracic aorta is quickly removed from the mouse body, and the attached adipose tissue and connective tissue are removed from the aorta. The aorta is cut into 1 mm rings. Each aortic ring is opened and seeded onto a growth factor reduced matrix with the endothelium facing down. The segments are cultured in endothelial cell growth medium for about 4 days. The endothelial sprouting starts as early as day 2. The segments are then removed and the cells are cultured continually until they reach confluence. The endothelial cells are harvested using neutral proteinase and cultured in endothelial cell growth medium for another two passages before being used for experiments. Immunofluorescence staining indicated that after the second passage the majority of cells were double positive for Dil-ac-LDL uptake, Lectin binding, and CD31 staining, the typical characteristics of endothelial cells. It is suggested that cells at the second to third passages are suitable for in vitro and in vivo experiments to study the endothelial biology. Our protocol provides an effective means of identifying specific cellular and molecular mechanisms in endothelial cell physiopathology.

The vascular endothelial cells play a significant role in many important cardiovascular disorders. This article describes a simple method to isolate and expand endothelial cells from the mouse aorta without using any special equipment. Our protocol provides an effective means of identifying mechanisms in endothelial cell physiopathology.

İzolasyon ve Fare aort endotel hücreleri İlköğretim Kültür

The vascular endothelium is essential to normal vascular homeostasis. Its dysfunction participates in various cardiovascular disorders. The mouse is an ...

Isolation of Mouse Coronary Endothelial Cells

Endothelial cells line the inner wall of blood vessels and play an important role in the regulation of vascular tone, vascular permeability, and new vascular formation. Endothelial cell dysfunction is implicated in the development and progression of many cardiovascular diseases including ischemic heart disease. To examine the function and characterization of coronary endothelial cells, cell isolation is the first step and it requires high purity and quantity to conduct subsequent experiments. This protocol describes an efficient method to isolate adult mouse coronary endothelial cells. The mouse heart is dissected and minced into small pieces. After the digestion of the heart using dispase and collagenase II, cells are washed&#160;and incubated with magnetic beads which are conjugated with anti-CD31 antibody. The beads with endothelial cells are washed several times and are ready to use in various applications, including imaging and molecular biological experiments. Efficient isolation yields approximately 104 cells per one heart with over 90% purity.

This protocol is prepared to share our method of isolating mouse coronary endothelial cells for the purpose of imaging or to conduct molecular biological experiments.

Fare Koroner Endotel Hücreleri İzolasyon

Endothelial cells line the inner wall of blood vessels and play an important role in the regulation of vascular tone, vascular permeability, and new ...