Dr Rountree Çocuk Miracle Network, Ulusal Sağlık Enstitüsü, K08DK080928 ve R03DK088013 ve Amerikan Kanser Derneği Araştırmacı Ödülü, MGO-11651 akımı desteğini onaylar. Dr Rountree Pediatrik Scientist Kalkınma Programı (NICHD Hibe Ödülü K12-HD00850) tarafından finanse yaparken bu işlemi başlangıçta geliştirilmiş ve rafine edilmiş olduğunu kabul eder.

<ol>
	<li>Rountree, C. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+CD133-expressing+murine+liver+oval+cell+population+with+bilineage+potential.">A CD133-expressing murine liver oval cell population with bilineage potential.</a> Stem Cells. 25, 2419-2429 (2007).</li><li>Ding, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=CD133++liver+cancer+stem+cells+from+methionine+adenosyl+transferase+1A-deficient+mice+demonstrate+resistance+to+transforming+growth+factor+(TGF)-beta-induced+apoptosis.">CD133+ liver cancer stem cells from methionine adenosyl transferase 1A-deficient mice demonstrate resistance to transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta-induced apoptosis.</a> Hepatology. 49, 1277-1286 (2009).</li><li>Rountree, C. B., Ding, W., He, L., Stiles, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expansion+of+CD133-expressing+liver+cancer+stem+cells+in+liver-specific+phosphatase+and+tensin+homolog+deleted+on+chromosome+10-deleted+mice.">Expansion of CD133-expressing liver cancer stem cells in liver-specific phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10-deleted mice.</a> Stem Cells. 27, 290-299 (2009).</li><li>Rountree, C. B., Senadheera, S., Mato, J. M., Crooks, G. M., Lu, S. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expansion+of+liver+cancer+stem+cells+during+aging+in+methionine+adenosyltransferase+1A-deficient+mice.">Expansion of liver cancer stem cells during aging in methionine adenosyltransferase 1A-deficient mice.</a> Hepatology. 47, 1288-1297 (2008).</li><li>Michalopoulos, G. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Liver+regeneration.">Liver regeneration.</a> J. Cell. Physiol. 213, 286-300 (2007).</li><li>Fausto, N., Campbell, J. S., Riehle, K. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Liver+regeneration.">Liver regeneration.</a> Hepatology. 43, 45-53 (2006).</li><li>Theise, N. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gastrointestinal+Stem+Cells.+III.+Emergent+themes+of+liver+stem+cell+biology:+niche,+quiescence,+self-renewal,+and+plasticity.">Gastrointestinal Stem Cells. III. Emergent themes of liver stem cell biology: niche, quiescence, self-renewal, and plasticity.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. 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M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+role+of+Hedgehog+signaling+in+fibrogenic+liver+repair.">The role of Hedgehog signaling in fibrogenic liver repair.</a> Int. J. Biochem. Cell. Biol. 43, 238-244 (2011).</li><li>Khurana, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Scopolamine+treatment+and+muscarinic+receptor+subtype-3+gene+ablation+augment+azoxymethane-induced+murine+liver+injury.">Scopolamine treatment and muscarinic receptor subtype-3 gene ablation augment azoxymethane-induced murine liver injury.</a> J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 333, 639-649 (2010).</li><li>Sell, S., Leffert, H. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Liver+cancer+stem+cells.">Liver cancer stem cells.</a> J. Clin. Oncol. 26, 2800-2805 (2008).</li><li>Lee, J. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+novel+prognostic+subtype+of+human+hepatocellular+carcinoma+derived+from+hepatic+progenitor+cells.">A novel prognostic subtype of human hepatocellular carcinoma derived from hepatic progenitor cells.</a> Nat. Med. 12, 410-416 (2006).</li><li>Sell, S., Dunsford, H. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evidence+for+the+stem+cell+origin+of+hepatocellular+carcinoma+and+cholangiocarcinoma.">Evidence for the stem cell origin of hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma.</a> Am. J. Pathol. 134, 1347-1363 (1989).</li><li>Amin, R., Mishra, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Liver+stem+cells+and+tgf-Beta+in+hepatic+carcinogenesis.">Liver stem cells and tgf-Beta in hepatic carcinogenesis.</a> Gastrointest Cancer Res. 2, 27-30 (2008).</li><li>Tang, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Progenitor/stem+cells+give+rise+to+liver+cancer+due+to+aberrant+TGF-beta+and+IL-6+signaling.">Progenitor/stem cells give rise to liver cancer due to aberrant TGF-beta and IL-6 signaling.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci. 105, 2445-2450 (2008).</li><li>Kitisin, K., Pishvaian, M. J., Johnson, L. B., Mishra, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Liver+stem+cells+and+molecular+signaling+pathways+in+hepatocellular+carcinoma.">Liver stem cells and molecular signaling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma.</a> Gastrointest Cancer Res. 1, 13-21 (2007).</li><li>Rountree, C. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bone+marrow+fails+to+differentiate+into+liver+epithelium+during+murine+development+and+regeneration.">Bone marrow fails to differentiate into liver epithelium during murine development and regeneration.</a> Hepatology. 45, 1250-1260 (2007).</li><li>Shimano, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hepatic+oval+cells+have+the+side+population+phenotype+defined+by+expression+of+ATP-binding+cassette+transporter+ABCG2/BCRP1.">Hepatic oval cells have the side population phenotype defined by expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2/BCRP1.</a> Am J Pathol. 163, 3-9 (2003).</li><li>Suzuki, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Flow+cytometric+isolation+and+clonal+identification+of+self-renewing+bipotent+hepatic+progenitor+cells+in+adult+mouse+liver.">Flow cytometric isolation and clonal identification of self-renewing bipotent hepatic progenitor cells in adult mouse liver.</a> Hepatology. , (2008).</li><li>Suzuki, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Clonal+identification+and+characterization+of+self-renewing+pluripotent+stem+cells+in+the+developing+liver.">Clonal identification and characterization of self-renewing pluripotent stem cells in the developing liver.</a> J Cell Biol. 156, 173-184 (2002).</li><li>Yamashita, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=EpCAM-positive+hepatocellular+carcinoma+cells+are+tumor-initiating+cells+with+stem/progenitor+cell+features.">EpCAM-positive hepatocellular carcinoma cells are tumor-initiating cells with stem/progenitor cell features.</a> Gastroenterology. 136, 1012-1024 (2009).</li><li>Yamashita, T., Budhu, A., Forgues, M., Wang, X. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Activation+of+hepatic+stem+cell+marker+EpCAM+by+Wnt-beta-catenin+signaling+in+hepatocellular+carcinoma.">Activation of hepatic stem cell marker EpCAM by Wnt-beta-catenin signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma.</a> Cancer Res. 67, 10831-10839 (2007).</li><li>Furuyama, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Continuous+cell+supply+from+a+Sox9-expressing+progenitor+zone+in+adult+liver,+exocrine+pancreas+and+intestine.">Continuous cell supply from a Sox9-expressing progenitor zone in adult liver, exocrine pancreas and intestine.</a> Nat Genet. 43, 34-41 (2011).</li><li>Kordes, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=CD133++hepatic+stellate+cells+are+progenitor+cells.">CD133+ hepatic stellate cells are progenitor cells.</a> Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 352, 410-417 (2007).</li><li>Berg, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fibroblast+Growth+Factor+10+is+critical+for+liver+growth+during+embryogenesis+and+controls+of+hepatoblast+survival+via+b-catenin+activation.">Fibroblast Growth Factor 10 is critical for liver growth during embryogenesis and controls of hepatoblast survival via b-catenin activation.</a> Hepatology. , (2007).</li><li>Turner, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+hepatic+stem+cell+and+maturational+liver+lineage+biology.">Human hepatic stem cell and maturational liver lineage biology.</a> Hepatology. 53, 1035-1045 (2011).</li><li>Wang, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lineage+restriction+of+human+hepatic+stem+cells+to+mature+fates+is+made+efficient+by+tissue-specific+biomatrix+scaffolds.">Lineage restriction of human hepatic stem cells to mature fates is made efficient by tissue-specific biomatrix scaffolds.</a> Hepatology. 53, 293-305 (2011).</li><li>Galicia, V. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expansion+of+hepatic+tumor+progenitor+cells+in+Pten-null+mice+requires+liver+injury+and+is+reversed+by+loss+of+AKT2.">Expansion of hepatic tumor progenitor cells in Pten-null mice requires liver injury and is reversed by loss of AKT2.</a> Gastroenterology. 139, 2170-2182 (2010).</li><li>Ding, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Epithelial-to-mesenchymal+transition+of+murine+liver+tumor+cells+promotes+invasion.">Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of murine liver tumor cells promotes invasion.</a> Hepatology. 52, 945-953 (2010).</li></ol>

Dr Rountree Bayer İlaç araştırma desteği alır. Drs. Ding ve Crooks ve Bayan Dang ve Bayan VanKirk rapor etmek hiçbir açıklama yok.

Hematopoietik sistem aksine, hangi hematopoetik kök hücre replacesnormal fizyolojik turn-üzerinde lökositler, kırmızı kan hücreleri ve trombositler, karaciğer kök hücre, veya yetişkin karaciğer progenitör hücrelerin, normal karaciğer katılmayan bir hücresel farklılaşma sistemi korumak için sorumludur homeostasis. 5,6 akut karaciğer hasarı veya kısmi hepatektomi, hepatositler, sonra farklılaşmış karaciğer epitel olarak, kayıp karaciğer kitlesi yerine yayılması birkaç tur geçmesi. 5,6 Sadece kronik zedelenme sırasında gözlenen karaciğer kök hücreler çoğalmaya. 1,5 -11 Bunlar yetişkin, organ spesifik kök hücreler 1,5-8 İlginçtir, karaciğer kanseri büyük çoğunluğu kronik yaralanma arka plan üzerinde gelişir. hepatosit ve cholangiocytes hem içine ayırt etmek için önerilmiştir ve bu nedenle karaciğer kök hücreleri de olduğu öne sürülmüştür karaciğer kanseri bir altkümesi için öncüleri. 2-4,12-17 Okaraciğer hücre çalışmaları kök önemli sorunlardan ne fonksiyonel analizi için hücrelerin nadir populasyon izolasyonu olduğunu. Örneğin, karaciğer hücrelerinin büyük çoğunluğu cholangiocytes ve diğer küçük olmayan parankimal hücreler önemli ölçüde daha büyük olan hepatositler, vardır. Hücrenin bölmelere (- parankimal fraksiyon ve küçük hücreler - büyük hepatositlerin olmayan parankim fraksiyonu) içine bütün karaciğer kırarak, ve daha fazla CD45 negatif hücrelerin (non-hematopoetik hücreler) için seçerek, biz kök hücrelerin başlangıç ​​popülasyonu zenginleştirmek mümkün 600 kat fazla. Unutmayın ki 1,18-21, biz CD133 + nüfusunun% 100 saf kök hücre popülasyonu, ama açıkça farklı soy ve repopulation potansiyeli ile, hücrelerin heterojen nüfus temsil ettiğini belirten hiçbir şekilde vardır. Alanın önemli sınırlamalar biri kök hücre ve progenitör hücrelerin tanımlarını olduğunu. Biz bu çalışmada daha geniş terim &quot;kök hücre&quot; kullanabilirsiniz, ancak sıkı tanımı, CD133 + non-parenchymal hücreler iki soy progenitör nüfusu temsil eder. Karaciğerde mevcut kök ve progenitör araştırma durumu göz önüne alındığında, bu rapor bu alanda ilgilenen araştırmacılar için bir başlangıç ​​noktası sağlamaz. Bu tür yeni belirteçler EpCAM, 22,23 ya da bu gibi SOX9 gibi transkripsiyon faktörleri, 24 gibi, çıktıkça bunlar dahil edilebilir. Örneğin, biz EpCAM + hücreleri ve CD133 + hücreler arasındaki örtüşme oldukça yüksek oranda bulduk. Karaciğer kök hücre çoğalması artışı gösteren normal bir fare karaciğer gibi kronik karaciğer hasarı modellerinden kök hücre izolasyonu için bu yazıda ayrıntılı bir süreç. Canlı hücreleri kullanarak fonksiyonel çalışmalar izolasyonu sonra yapılabilir gibi bu yöntem, dondurulmuş veya formalin tespitli karaciğer standart immunohistokimyasal üzerinde belirgin avantajları vardır. 1,3,4 Bu sürecin belirli bir amaç olabilir karaciğer kök hücrelerin nispeten saf nüfusu izole etmektir klonal vitro yaygınlaştırılmalıdır. <p class = &quot;jove_content&quot;&gt; Bu prosedüre birincil sınırlama izole hücrelerin çoğunluğu (Sorun Giderme bölümüne bakınız) akım sitometri sonra geçerli olmayacak olmasıdır. Bu hücrelerini hazırlamak için gereken saat sonucudur ve önceki izolasyon için nüfus arıtmak için gerekli olan çok sayıda prosedürleri. Karaciğer acil FACS analizi için tek bir hücre süspansiyonu sindirilir ise, hepatosit ve diğer non-parankimal hücreler arasındaki boyut farkı etkili FACS kapısı yaratılması imkansız hale getirecek. Karaciğer dışı parankimal hücrelerin hematopoetik hücrelerin ortadan kaldırmadan, kullanılan varsa, CD133 + hücreler önemli sayıda kesir kirletebilir hematopoetik kökenli olabileceği riski vardır. Ayrıca, Miltenyi filtre yoluyla hücreler işleme göre, tek tek hücreler ve hücre kümeleri oldukça küçük toplanır. Bu örnek FACS alımı iğne tıkamaz sağlar. Bu prosedür için Alternatifler m dahilgibi belirteçler, herhangi bir alternatif hücre yüzeyi gibi CD49f, EpCAM olarak işaretleyici, ya da kombinasyon için odification CD133 + EpCAM + ikinci bir yayınlanan raporda olmayan bir parankimal fraksiyondan karaciğer kök hücreleri izole etmek için bir yoğunluk gradiyenti kullanır. Bu prosedür Ultra-santrifüj (8000 xg) gerektirir, prosedürü için önemli bir zaman ekler ve bizim deneyim, büyük ölçüde ön FACS hücresel verimi ve post-FACS canlılığı azalır. 8 Gelecekteki deneyler fetal böyle HNF3, HNF4α gibi karaciğer genlerin ve αfp.In ek olarak, Western blot analizi ile ifade edilen proteinlerin immünsitokimya kültürdeki hücre RT-PCR sonuçları teyit etmek için kullanılabilir içeren gen ekspresyon analizi daha geniş bir aralıkta bulunmaktadır. Unutulmaması gereken bir konu Biz artık rutin stellat hücreleri belirteçleri (Sorun Giderme bölümüne bakınız) yönelik örnekler taranması 25. Karaciğer yıldızsı hücreleri üzerinde CD133 ekspresyonu tespit son eseridir ve kimliği yokBizim kesirler önemli kontaminasyon yazısından. Bu karaciğer sindirim ve hücre izolasyonu farklı teknikleri. 2,3,26 ilgili olabilir Hücrelerin çoğunluğu hemen FACS izolasyon sonrasında uygulanabilir olmayacağı gerçeğine dayanarak, biz hayvanlarda kullanmadan önce, toplu CD133 + hücreleri veya tek hücre şeklinde, ya hücreler kaplı olmasını öneririz. In vitro 5-7 gün anlamlı tümörü analiz sonuçları iyileştirecektir. Koloniler toplu CD133 + izole hücrelerinden açılabilir kez ek olarak, tek bir hücre izolasyonu zorluklarına verilen, bu yalnızca yapılmalıdır. Kültür karaciğer kök ve progenitör hücreler için kullanılan olabilir, çeşitli kültür koşulları ve iskele proteinlerinin bir daha kapsamlı bir tartışma sıra Lola Reid ile karakterize edilmiştir. Bu çalışma temel izolasyon teknikleri öğrenilebiliyor kez araştırmacıların kendi araştırma programı içine dahil olabilir alternatif koşulları ve değişiklikler sağlar. 27,28 Dr Reid kelk da karaciğer kök hücreleri ve kararlı ataları arasında soy biyoloji ve olgunlaşma daha ayrıntılı bir analiz sunmaktadır. In vivo tümör analizi açısından, öncelikle 1x10 6 hücre kullanılarak, in vitro klonal genişletti CD133 + hücreleri taze izole hücreler ve hücreleri kullanılarak başarı oldu. / - - Ve karaciğer özel PTEN - / - Biz kronik karaciğer hasarının ontwo genetik suşları, MAT1a odaklanmıştır fareler ve biz çıplak farelerin ve tümör büyümesi için hosts olarak wild-tip farelerden iki faydalanmış. Onlar pre-malign belirgin karaciğer hasarı modellerinde izole ise bizim deneyimlerimize göre, CD133 + karaciğer kök hücreleri sadece tümörleri oluşturacaktır. Unutmayın CD133 oluşan tümörler + hücrelerin genel tümörleri için bir kök hücre veya progenitör hücre kökenli düşündüren, hepatoselüler karsinom ve kolanjiokarsinom özellikleri de var. 2-4,29 Tümörler sonra takip çalışmaları inclu belgelenmiştirdes standart tümör dokusunun patolojik analizi (H &amp; E boyama) ve immünohistokimyasal boyama. Buna ek olarak, tümörler FACS analizi ya da yeniden kültür için kıyılmış ve sindirilebilir. 2-4,30 Sonuç olarak, biz CD133 + karaciğer kök hücreleri ve CD133 + kanser kök hücrelerinin izolasyonu, genişleme, ve temel karakterizasyonu için bir prosedür detaylandırılmıştır. Çekim Trouble: CD45 kontaminasyon: Önceki FACS analizi ve izolasyon bir CD45-FITC Ab ekleyerek değerlendirilebilir CD45 + hücreleri, kirlenme varsa Adım 3 için, CD45 antikoru microbead süresinin dolmadığından emin olmak için kontrol edin ve süzüntü toplandı sadece ederken filtre manyetik tutucu idi. Filtre manyetik tutucu CD45 + hücreler içerir değilken herhangi bir süzüntü toplanır. Düşük hücre sayısı: Yaralanmamış karaciğer, toplam numbe içinCD133 r + non-parankimal izole 10.000 daha az olabilir. Bu hücreler sakin karaciğerde nadirdir. Bu tür DDC% 0.1 diyet gibi bir kronik yaralanması modeli için, 100.000 hücre sayısı önemli ölçüde artacaktır. Toplam hücre sayısı önemli ölçüde bu sayıların altında ise, dikkate alınması gereken bir konu FACS Ab boyama olduğunu. Yoksul boyama yoksul bir randıman vereceğini gibi, CD133 Ab dolmamış olduğundan emin olmak için kontrol edin. Ayrıca, biz FACS izolasyon açmadan önce göreli nüfusu belirlemek için karaciğer dışı parankimal hücreler FACS analizi gerçekleştirerek öneririz. FACS sonrası Düşük hücre canlılığı: Canlılığının konulardan biri hücreleri nasıl işlendiğini bağlı ve ne zaman içinde. Olabilir İdeal olarak, tüm hücre izolasyon prosedürü, 1-4 adımları, adımlar arasındaki herhangi bir gecikme olmadan yapılmış ve aynı gün içinde tamamlanması gerekir. 1-4 adımları arasında herhangi önemli bir gecikme büyük ölçüde hücre canlılığı azaltacaktır. C ile ilgili ikinci bir konuell canlılığı FACS izolasyonu için kullanılan kılıf basıncı ile ilişkili olabilir. Biz daha düşük bir kılıf basınç kullanmanızı öneririz. Hücreler izole edilir kez sıralama sonrasında buz üzerinde önemli bir depolama alanı da canlılığı azaltacaktır gibi Son olarak, onlar, hemen kaplı olmalıdır. CD133 + non-parankimal heterojenite: Son raporlar hepatik stellat hücreler de CD133 ekspresyonu ve bazı plastisite var olabileceğine işaret etmektedir. Dolayısıyla 25, Albumin ve Krt19, ek doğrulama ile iki potens genleri doğrulayan ek olarak bu tür glial fibriler asidik protein olarak stellat hücreler ile ilişkili genlerin, içerebilir hareketsiz stellat hücreleri ve aktive edilmiş hücreler stellat ve alfa-aktin ve desmin. 3,4,26 Buna ek olarak, CD133 + nüfusun daha geniş bir projenitör nüfus temsil eder. Böyle EpCAM gibi ikinci bir işaretçi, ve aynca nüfus düzeltilmesine yardımcı ve sınır heterojenite olabilir.

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><th> Reaktif Adı </th><th> Şirket </th><th> Katalog numarası </th><th> Yorumlar (isteğe bağlı) </th></tr><tr><td> DMEM: F12 </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 10565-018 </td><td> Fenol kırmızısı ile </td></tr><tr><td> CD45 mikroboncukları </td><td> Miltenyi </td><td> 130-052-301 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Hepatosit Büyüme Faktörü </td><td> Sigma </td><td> H1404 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Epidermal Büyüme Faktörü </td><td> Sigma </td><td> E4127 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> DNaz </td><td> Sigma </td><td> DN25 </td><td> 1 gram </td></tr><tr><td> Kollajenaz D </td><td> Roche </td><td> 1088874 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Pronazın </td><td> Roche </td><td> 0165921 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 70 mikron mesh süzgeç </td><td> Balıkçı </td><td> 352350 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Omniscript RT </td><td> Quaigen </td><td> 205111 </td><td> 50 reaksiyon </td></tr><tr><td> HotStarTaq </td><td> Quaigen </td><td> 203203 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Miltenyi LD sütunu </td><td> Miltenyi </td><td> 130-042-901 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> CD133-PE FACS Ab </td><td> eBioscience </td><td> 12-1331-82 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Laminin kaplı plakalar </td><td> BD </td><td> 354410 </td><td> De 96 </td></tr><tr><td> Tripsin% 0.05 EDTA </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 25300-354 </td><td> 100 mL </td></tr><tr><td> RNeasy Mikro Kiti </td><td> Quaigen </td><td> 74004 </td><td> 5x10 5 hücre veya daha az için 50 sütun </td></tr><tr><td> Lyse Ecz </td><td> BD </td><td> 555899 </td><td> 10X konsantrasyonda </td></tr></tbody></table>

isolation of cd133+ liver stem cells for clonal expansion

Karaciğer kök hücre ya da oval hücreler, kronik karaciğer hasarı sırasında çoğalırlar ve hepatosit ve cholangiocytes hem içine ayırt önerilmiştir. Buna ek olarak, karaciğer kök hücreleri karaciğer kanseri, Hepatosellüler karsinoma bir altkümesi için öncüleri olarak öne sürülmüştür. Karaciğer gibi herhangi bir solid organ hücre çalışmaları kök başlıca güçlüklerden biri, ayrıntılı analizi için hücre nadir nüfus izolasyon. Örneğin, karaciğer hücrelerinin büyük çoğunluğu non-parankimal hücreler önemli ölçüde daha büyük olan hepatositler (parankimal fraksiyon), vardır. Karaciğer spesifik hücresel bölmeleri (yani parankimal ve non-parankimal kesirler) zenginleştirmek, ve CD45 negatif hücreler için seçerek, biz izin bu raporda proceduresdetailed 600-fold.The üzerinde kök hücrelerin başlangıç ​​popülasyonu zenginleştirmek mümkün bir katı organ hücrelerin nispeten nadir bir nüfus verimli bir şekilde sıralanması. Bu işlem, isolateli etmek için kullanılabilirartmış karaciğer kök hücre proliferasyonu göstermek, normal fare karaciğer ver kök hücrelerin yanı sıra kronik karaciğer hasarı modelleri. Canlı hücreleri kullanarak fonksiyonel çalışmalar ilk co-lokalizasyon deneyler sonrasında yapılabilir gibi bu yöntem, dondurulmuş veya formalin tespitli karaciğer standart immunohistokimyasal üzerinde açık avantajları vardır. FACS izolasyon detayları özel enstrümantasyon ve temel akım sitometri prosedürlerin güçlü bir çalışma bilgi bağımlı olarak bu raporda özetlenen yordamı gerçekleştirmek için, bir araştırmaya dayalı bir akım sitometri çekirdeği ile bir çalışma ilişkisi kuvvetle teşvik edilir. Bu sürecin belirli bir hedefe klonal in vitro açılabilir karaciğer kök hücrelerinin bir nüfus izole etmektir.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of CD133+ Liver Stem Cells for Clonal Expansion at JoVE.com

Isolation of CD133+ Liver Stem Cells for Clonal Expansion

İşte biz bütün fare karaciğer doku sindirim, hücre zenginleştirme ve flow sitometri izolasyonu gerektiren bir süreçten CD133 eksprese karaciğer kök hücre ve kanser kök hücrelerin izolasyonu tarif. Biz gelişmiş tek hücre izolasyonu ve klonal genişleme için yöntemler içerir.

Klonal Genişleme CD133 + Karaciğer Kök Hücre İzolasyonu

Liver stem cell, or oval cells, proliferate during chronic liver injury, and are proposed to differentiate into both hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. In ...

isolation-of-cd133-liver-stem-cells-for-clonal-expansion

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

22.2K Görüntüleme.  Pennsylvania State College of Medicine. İşte biz bütün fare karaciğer doku sindirim, hücre zenginleştirme ve flow sitometri izolasyonu gerektiren bir süreçten CD133 eksprese karaciğer kök hücre ve kanser kök hücrelerin izolasyonu tarif. Biz gelişmiş tek hücre izolasyonu ve klonal genişleme için yöntemler içerir.

Video: Isolation of CD133+ Liver Stem Cells for Clonal Expansion

Isolation and Transplantation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs)

Isolation and Transplantation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells HSCs

İzolasyon ve Hematopoetik Kök Hücre Transplantasyonu (HKH&#39;lerin)

Biyoloji

Isolation and Large Scale Expansion of Adult Human Endothelial Colony Forming Progenitor Cells

This paper introduces a novel recovery strategy for endothelial colony forming progenitor cells (ECFCs) from heparinized but otherwise unmanipulated adult human peripheral blood within a mean of 12 days. After large scale expansion &gt;1x108 ECFCs can be obtained for further tests. Advantageously by using pHPL the contact of human cells with bovine serum antigens can be excluded. By flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry the isolated cells can be characterized as ECFC and their in vitro functionality to form vascular like structures can be tested in a matrigel assay. Further these cells can be subcutaneously injected in a mouse model to form functional, perfused vessels in vivo. After long term expansion and cryopreservation proliferation, function and genomic stability appear to be preserved. 3,4
This animal-protein free isolation and expansion method is easily applicable to generate a large quantity of ECFCs.

Endothelial colony forming progenitor cells (ECFCs) are a promising tool to study vascular homeostasis and repair.1,2 This paper introduces a novel animal-serum free method for isolation and expansion of ECFC from heparinised adult human peripheral blood with pooled human platelet lysate (pHPL) diminishing the risk of anti-bovine immunisation.

İzolasyon ve Büyük Ölçekli Genişleme Yetişkin İnsan Endotel Koloni Oluşturan Progenitör Hücreler

This paper introduces a novel recovery strategy for endothelial colony forming progenitor cells (ECFCs) from heparinized but otherwise unmanipulated adult ...

Isolation and Animal Serum Free Expansion of Human Umbilical Cord Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) and Endothelial Colony Forming Progenitor Cells (ECFCs)

The umbilical cord is a rich source for progenitor cells with high proliferative potential including mesenchymal stromal cells (also termed mesenchymal stem cells, MSCs) and endothelial colony forming progenitor cells (ECFCs). Both cell types are key players in maintaining the integrity of tissue and are probably also involved in regenerative processes and tumor formation.
To study their biology and function in a comparative manner it is important to have both cells types available from the same donor. It may also be beneficial for regenerative purposes to derive MSCs and ECFCs from the same tissue.
Because cellular therapeutics should eventually find their way from bench to bedside we established a new method to isolate and further expand progenitor cells without the use of animal protein. Pooled human platelet lysate (pHPL) replaced fetal bovine serum in all steps of our protocol to completely avoid contact of the cells to xenogeneic proteins.
This video demonstrates a methodology for the isolation and expansion of progenitor cells from one umbilical cord.
All materials and procedures will be described.

Isolation and Animal Serum Free Expansion of Human Umbilical Cord Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells MSCs and Endothelial Colony Forming Progenitor Cells ECFCs

This protocol describes the isolation and subsequent expansion of mesenchymal stromal cells and endothelial colony forming cells without the use of animal serum to generate autologous pairs for experimental transplantation purposes.

İnsan Göbek kordonu İzolasyon ve Hayvan Serum Genişleme Mezenkimal stromal hücreler (MKH) ve endotel Koloni Oluşturan Progenitör Hücreler (ECFCs) Türetilmiş

The umbilical cord is a rich source for progenitor cells with high proliferative potential including mesenchymal stromal cells (also termed mesenchymal ...

Isolation and Derivation of Mouse Embryonic Germinal Cells

The ability of embryonic germinal cells (EG) to differentiate into primordial germinal cells (PGCs) and later into gametes during early developmental stages is a perfect model to address our hypothesis about cancer and infertility. This protocol shows how to isolate primordial germinal cells from developing gonads in 10.5-11.5 days post coitum (dpc) mouse embryos.  Developing gonadal ridges from mouse embryos (C57BL6J) were dissociated by mechanical disruption with collagenase, then plated in a mouse embryo fibroblast feeder layer (MEF-CF1) that was previously mitotically inactivated with mitomycin C in the presence of knockout media and supplemented with Leukemia Inhibitor Factor (LIF), basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF), and Stem Cell Factor (SCF).  Using these optimized methods for PCG identification, isolation, and establishment of culture conditions permits long term cultures of EG cells for more than 40 days.  The embryonic germinal cell lines showed embryonic phenotype and expression of common used markers of the pluripotent state.  Isolation and derivation of germinal cells in culture provide a tool to understand their development in vitro and offer the opportunity to monitor cumulative damage at genetic and epigenetic levels after exposure to oxidative stress.

The ability of embryonic germinal cells to differentiate into primordial germinal cells during early development stages is a perfect model to address our hypothesis about cancer and infertility. This protocol shows how to isolate primordial germinal cells from developing gonads in 10.5-11.5 days post coitum mouse embryos.

Fare Embriyonik Germinal Hücreleri İzolasyon ve türetilmesi

The ability of embryonic germinal cells (EG) to differentiate into primordial germinal cells (PGCs) and later into gametes during early developmental ...

Isolation of Mouse Salivary Gland Stem Cells

Mature salivary glands of both human and mouse origin comprise a minimum of five cell types, each of which facilitates the production and excretion of saliva into the oral cavity. Serous and mucous acinar cells are the protein and mucous producing factories of the gland respectively, and represent the origin of saliva production. Once synthesised, the various enzymatic and other proteinaceous components of saliva are secreted through a series of ductal cells bearing epithelial-type morphology, until the eventual expulsion of the saliva through one major duct into the cavity of the mouth. The composition of saliva is also modified by the ductal cells during this process.
In the manifestation of diseases such as Sj&ouml;gren's syndrome, and in some clinical situations such as radiotherapy treatment for head and neck cancers, saliva production by the glands is dramatically reduced 1,2. The resulting xerostomia, a subjective feeling of dry mouth, affects not only the ability of the patient to swallow and speak, but also encourages the development of dental caries and can be socially debilitating for the sufferer.
The restoration of saliva production in the above-mentioned clinical conditions therefore represents an unmet clinical need, and as such several studies have demonstrated the regenerative capacity of the salivary glands 3-5. Further to the isolation of stem cell-like populations of cells from various tissues within the mouse and human bodies 6-8, we have shown using the described method that stem cells isolated from mouse salivary glands can be used to rescue saliva production in irradiated salivary glands 9,10. This discovery paves the way for the development of stem cell-based therapies for the treatment of xerostomic conditions in humans, and also for the exploration of the salivary gland as a microenvironment containing cells with multipotent self-renewing capabilities.

An optimized protocol for the isolation of stem cells from the mouse salivary gland is described. The method employs enzymatic and mechanical digestion, and permits isolation of salispheres containing cells with characteristics of stem cells.

Fare Tükürük Bezi Kök Hücre İzolasyonu

Mature salivary glands of both human and mouse origin comprise a minimum of five cell types, each of which facilitates the production and excretion of ...

Isolation and Culture of Individual Myofibers and their Satellite Cells from Adult Skeletal Muscle

Muscle regeneration in the adult is performed by resident stem cells called satellite cells. Satellite cells are defined by their position between the basal lamina and the sarcolemma of each myofiber. Current knowledge of their behavior heavily relies on the use of the single myofiber isolation protocol. In 1985, Bischoff described a protocol to isolate single live fibers from the Flexor Digitorum Brevis (FDB) of adult rats with the goal to create an in vitro system in which the physical association between the myofiber and its stem cells is preserved 1. In 1995, Rosenblattmodified the Bischoff protocol such that myofibers are singly picked and handled separately after collagenase digestion instead of being isolated by gravity sedimentation 2, 3. The Rosenblatt or Bischoff protocol has since been adapted to different muscles, age or conditions 3-6. The single myofiber isolation technique is an indispensable tool due its unique advantages. First, in the single myofiber protocol, satellite cells are maintained beneath the basal lamina. This is a unique feature of the protocol as other techniques such as Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting require chemical and mechanical tissue dissociation 7. Although the myofiber culture system cannot substitute for in vivo studies, it does offer an excellent platform to address relevant biological properties of muscle stem cells. Single myofibers can be cultured in standard plating conditions or in floating conditions. Satellite cells on floating myofibers are subjected to virtually no other influence than the myofiber environment. Substrate stiffness and coating have been shown to influence satellite cells' ability to regenerate muscles 8, 9 so being able to control each of these factors independently allows discrimination between niche-dependent and -independent responses. Different concentrations of serum have also been shown to have an effect on the transition from quiescence to activation. To preserve the quiescence state of its associated satellite cells, fibers should be kept in low serum medium 1-3. This is particularly useful when studying genes involved in the quiescence state. In serum rich medium, satellite cells quickly activate, proliferate, migrate and differentiate, thus mimicking the in vivo regenerative process 1-3. The system can be used to perform a variety of assays such as the testing of chemical inhibitors; ectopic expression of genes by virus delivery; oligonucleotide based gene knock-down or live imaging. This video article describes the protocol currently used in our laboratory to isolate single myofibers from the Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL) muscle of adult mice (6-8 weeks old).

Isolation and culture of myofibers is the gold standard in vitro system to study the transition of satellite cells through quiescence, activation and differentiation. Importantly, the single myofiber culture system preserves the myofiber/stem cell association, which is an essential component of the muscle stem cell niche.

Yetişkin İskelet Kası gelen bireysel Myofibers ve Uydu Hücre İzolasyonu ve Kültür

Muscle  regeneration in the adult is performed by resident stem cells called satellite  cells. Satellite cells are defined by  their position between the ...

Na&iuml;ve Adult Stem Cells Isolation from Primary Human Fibroblast Cultures

Over the last decade, several adult stem cell populations have been identified in human skin 1-4. The isolation of multipotent adult dermal precursors was first reported by Miller F. D laboratory 5, 6. These early studies described a multipotent precursor cell population from adult mammalian dermis 5. These cells--termed SKPs, for skin-derived precursors-- were isolated and expanded from rodent and human skin and differentiated into both neural and mesodermal progeny, including cell types never found in skin, such as neurons 5. Immunocytochemical studies on cultured SKPs revealed that cells expressed vimentin and nestin, an intermediate filament protein expressed in neural and skeletal muscle precursors, in addition to fibronectin and multipotent stem cell markers 6. Until now, the adult stem cells population SKPs have been isolated from freshly collected mammalian skin biopsies.
Recently, we have established and reported that a population of skin derived precursor cells could remain present in primary fibroblast cultures established from skin biopsies 7. The assumption that a few somatic stem cells might reside in primary fibroblast cultures at early population doublings was based upon the following observations: (1) SKPs and primary fibroblast cultures are derived from the dermis, and therefore a small number of SKP cells could remain present in primary dermal fibroblast cultures and (2) primary fibroblast cultures grown from frozen aliquots that have been subjected to unfavorable temperature during storage or transfer contained a small number of cells that remained viable 7. These rare cells were able to expand and could be passaged several times. This observation suggested that a small number of cells with high proliferation potency and resistance to stress were present in human fibroblast cultures 7.
We took advantage of these findings to establish a protocol for rapid isolation of adult stem cells from primary fibroblast cultures that are readily available from tissue banks around the world (Figure 1). This method has important significance as it allows the isolation of precursor cells when skin samples are not accessible while fibroblast cultures may be available from tissue banks, thus, opening new opportunities to dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying rare genetic diseases as well as modeling diseases in a dish.

Na&amp;#239;ve Adult Stem Cells Isolation from Primary Human Fibroblast Cultures

We report a method to isolate na&#239;ve multipotent skin-derived precursor (SKP) cells from primary human fibroblast cultures. We show that these SKPs derived from fibroblast cultures share similar stem cell properties to the ones derived directly from human skin biopsies. These cells express the neural crest marker, nestin, in addition to the multipotent markers such as OCT4 and Nanog.

İlköğretim İnsan fibroblast Kültürler gelen naif Erişkin Kök Hücre İzolasyon

Over the last decade, several adult stem cell  populations have been identified in human skin 1-4.  The isolation of multipotent adult dermal precursors ...

Induction and Analysis of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition

Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is essential for proper morphogenesis during development. Misregulation of this process has been implicated as a key event in fibrosis and the progression of carcinomas to a metastatic state. Understanding the processes that underlie EMT is imperative for the early diagnosis and clinical control of these disease states. Reliable induction of EMT in vitro is a useful tool for drug discovery as well as to identify common gene expression signatures for diagnostic purposes. Here we demonstrate a straightforward method for the induction of EMT in a variety of cell types. Methods for the analysis of cells pre- and post-EMT induction by immunocytochemistry are also included. Additionally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of this method through antibody-based array analysis and migration/invasion assays.

A straightforward method is described for the induction of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in a variety of cell types. Methods for the analysis of cells in EMT states by immunocytochemistry are included.

Mezenkimal Geçiş indüksiyon ve Epitel Analizi

Epithelial  to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is essential for proper morphogenesis during  development. Misregulation of this  process has been implicated ...

Isolation, Culture, and Transplantation of Muscle Satellite Cells

Muscle satellite cells are a stem cell population required for postnatal skeletal muscle development and regeneration, accounting for 2-5% of sublaminal nuclei in muscle fibers. In adult muscle, satellite cells are normally mitotically quiescent. Following injury, however, satellite cells initiate cellular proliferation to produce myoblasts, their progenies, to mediate the regeneration of muscle. Transplantation of satellite cell-derived myoblasts has been widely studied as a possible therapy for several regenerative diseases including muscular dystrophy, heart failure, and urological dysfunction. Myoblast transplantation into dystrophic skeletal muscle, infarcted heart, and dysfunctioning urinary ducts has shown that engrafted myoblasts can differentiate into muscle fibers in the host tissues and display partial functional improvement in these diseases. Therefore, the development of efficient purification methods of quiescent satellite cells from skeletal muscle, as well as the establishment of satellite cell-derived myoblast cultures and transplantation methods for myoblasts, are essential for understanding the molecular mechanisms behind satellite cell self-renewal, activation, and differentiation. Additionally, the development of cell-based therapies for muscular dystrophy and other regenerative diseases are also dependent upon these factors.

However, current prospective purification methods of quiescent satellite cells require the use of expensive fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) machines. Here, we present a new method for the rapid, economical, and reliable purification of quiescent satellite cells from adult mouse skeletal muscle by enzymatic dissociation followed by magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS). Following isolation of pure quiescent satellite cells, these cells can be cultured to obtain large numbers of myoblasts after several passages. These freshly isolated quiescent satellite cells or ex vivo expanded myoblasts can be transplanted into cardiotoxin (CTX)-induced regenerating mouse skeletal muscle to examine the contribution of donor-derived cells to regenerating muscle fibers, as well as to satellite cell compartments for the examination of self-renewal activities.

The isolation and culture of a pure population of quiescent satellite cells, a muscle stem cell population, is essential to the understanding of muscle stem cell biology and regeneration, as well as stem cell transplantation for therapies in muscular dystrophy and other degenerative diseases.&#160;

Kas Uydu Hücreleri İzolasyon, Kültür ve Transplantasyon

Muscle satellite cells are a stem cell population required for postnatal skeletal muscle development and regeneration, accounting for 2-5% of sublaminal ...

Protocol for Isolation of Primary Human Hepatocytes and Corresponding Major Populations of Non-parenchymal Liver Cells

Beside parenchymal hepatocytes, the liver consists of non-parenchymal cells (NPC) namely Kupffer cells (KC), liver endothelial cells (LEC) and hepatic Stellate cells (HSC). Two-dimensional (2D) culture of primary human hepatocyte (PHH) is still considered as the &#34;gold standard&#34; for in vitro testing of drug metabolism and hepatotoxicity. It is well-known that the 2D monoculture of PHH suffers from dedifferentiation and loss of function. Recently it was shown that hepatic NPC play a central role in liver (patho-) physiology and the maintenance of PHH functions. Current research focuses on the reconstruction of in vivo tissue architecture by 3D- and co-culture models to overcome the limitations of 2D monocultures. Previously we published a method to isolate human liver cells and investigated the suitability of these cells for their use in cell cultures in Experimental Biology and Medicine1. Based on the broad interest in this technique the aim of this article was to provide a more detailed protocol for the liver cell isolation process including a video, which will allow an easy reproduction of this technique.
Human liver cells were isolated from human liver tissue samples of surgical interventions by a two-step EGTA/collagenase P perfusion technique. PHH were separated from the NPC by an initial centrifugation at 50 x g. Density gradient centrifugation steps were used for removal of dead cells. Individual liver cell populations were isolated from the enriched NPC fraction using specific cell properties and cell sorting procedures. Beside the PHH isolation we were able to separate KC, LEC and HSC for further cultivation.
Taken together, the presented protocol allows the isolation of PHH and NPC in high quality and quantity from one donor tissue sample. The access to purified liver cell populations could allow the creation of in vivo like human liver models.

A technique to isolate human hepatocytes and non-parenchymal liver cells from the same donor is described. The different liver cell types build the basis for functional liver models and tissue engineering. This new method aims to isolate liver cells in a high yield and viability.

İlköğretim İnsan Hepatositlerin İzolasyonu ve Non-parankimal karaciğer hücrelerinin Binbaşı popülasyonları İlgili Protokolü

Beside parenchymal hepatocytes, the liver consists of non-parenchymal cells (NPC) namely Kupffer cells (KC), liver endothelial cells (LEC) and hepatic ...