Name: isolation and quantitative evaluation of brush cells from mouse tracheas
Uploaded: 2019-06-12T13:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation and Quantitative Evaluation of Brush Cells from Mouse Tracheas at JoVE.com

We thank Adam Chicoine at the Brigham and Women&#8217;s Human Immunology Center Flow Core for his help with flow cytometric sorting. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants R01 HL120952 (N.A.B.), R01 AI134989 (N.A.B), U19 AI095219 (N.A.B., L.G.B), and K08 AI132723 (L.G.B), and by the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology (AAAAI)/ American Lung Allergic Respiratory Disease Award (N.A.B.), by the AAAAI Foundation Faculty Development Award (L.G.B.), by the Steven and Judy Kaye Young Innovators Award (N.A.B.), by the Joycelyn C. Austen Fund for Career Development of Women Physician Scientists (L.G.B.), and by a generous donation by the Vinik family (L.G.B.).

Before conducting the following experiments, ensure that all animal care use and protocols are approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) and performed in accord with the National Research Council&#39;s &#34;Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals&#34;&#160;(8th&#160;Edition, 2011) and the ARRIVE guidelines.&#160;All procedures described below have been reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at the Brigham and Women&#39;s Hospi...

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We found that a combination of high-dose dispase treatment for 40 min followed by a short papain treatment (30 min) provides an optimal protocol for tracheal digestion and brush cell isolation. This combination both avoids extensive digestion and produces the highest yield of brush cells, compared to alternate protocols.
While lung digestion to extract hematopoietic cells has classically relied on mild digestive enzymes like collagenase IV15, isolation of epithelial cel...

Brush cells belong to a class of chemosensory epithelial cells characterized by the expression of bitter taste receptors and the taste receptor transduction machinery found in taste bud cells. Unlike taste bud cells, chemosensory epithelial cells are scattered in epithelial surfaces and are referred to as solitary chemosensory cells (SCCs) and microvillous cells in the nasal epithelium1,2, brush cells in the trachea3,4, and tuft cells in the intestine5,6. Epithelial cells expressing bitter taste receptors and the bitter taste transduction machinery are also found in the urethra7,8 and the auditory tube9. Airway brush cells have unique functions in neurogenic and immune airway responses. They are acetylcholine-producing chemosensory cells that evoke protective respiratory reflexes upon activation with bitter compounds and bacterial metabolites like quorum-sensing substances10. Airway brush cells are also the dominant airway epithelial source of IL-25, which regulates aeroallergen-elicited type 2 inflammation in the airways3.
Characterization of the full transcriptome of lower airway brush cells and their response to environmental stimuli has been limited by their low numbers in the tracheal epithelium and very limited numbers beyond the large bronchi10. Techniques used for the isolation of chemosensory cells from the intestinal epithelium have not yielded proportionally high numbers from the trachea, possibly because of the intimate contacts of tracheal brush cells with nerve endings10 or other tissue-specific factors in the respiratory mucosa such as the composition of adherens and tight junction proteins. Recent reports of successful isolation of tracheal brush cells in higher numbers for single cell RNA sequencing analysis employed either a 2 h incubation with papain or an 18 h incubation with pronase11,12. Since longer incubations with digestive enzymes can decrease cell viability and alter the transcriptional profile of cells from digested tissues13, this could bias comparative analysis with other chemosensory epithelial populations.
Here, we report a method for the isolation of tracheal brush cells for RNA sequencing3. Treatment of the trachea with high-dose dispase separates the epithelium from the submucosa. Subsequent digestion of the epithelial sheet with papain allows for excellent recovery of this structural cell.

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	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td>Antibodies</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:345px;">Anti-GFP (Polyclonal goat Ig)</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Abcam</td>
			<td>cat# ab5450</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:345px;">APC anti-mouse CD326 (EpCAM)&#160; (G8.8)</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Biolegend</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">cat#118214</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:345px;">APC Rat IgG2a, k isotype control</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Biolegend</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">cat#400511</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:345px;">DAPI</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Biolegend</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">cat#422801</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="80">
			<td height="80" style="height:80px;width:345px;">Donkey anti-goat IgG (H+L) Highly Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor 488</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Life Technologies/Molecular Probes</td>
			<td>cat#A-11055</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:345px;">Normal Goat IgG</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">R&#38;D Systems</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">cat#AB-108-C</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:345px;">Pacific Blue anti-mouse CD45 (30F-11)</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Biolegend</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">cat#103126</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:345px;">Pacific Blue Rat IgG2b, k isotype control</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Biolegend</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">cat#400627</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:345px;">TruStain FcX (anti-mouse CD16/32) Antibody</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Biolegend</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">cat#101320</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td>Chemicals, Peptides, and Recombinant Proteins</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:345px;">Dispase</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">cat# 17105041&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:345px;">DNase I</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Sigma&#160;</td>
			<td>cat# 10104159001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="104">
			<td height="104" style="height:104px;width:345px;">HEPES-Tyrode&#8217;s Buffer Without Calcium (10 mM HEPES, 135 mM NaCl, 2.8 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2, 12 mM NaHCO3, 0.4 mM NaH2PO4, 0.25% BSA, 5.5 mM Glucose. Prepared in 18.2 megohms water and filtered through 0.22 &#181;m filter</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Boston BioProducts</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">cat# PY-912</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="82">
			<td height="82" style="height:82px;width:345px;">Tyrode&#8217;s Solution (HEPES-Buffered) 140 mM NaCl, 5 mM KCl, 25 mM HEPES, 2 mM CaCl2, 2 mM MgCl2 and 10 mM glucose. Prepared in 18.2 megohms water and filtered through 0.22 &#181;m filter. )</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Boston BioProducts</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">cat# BSS-355</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:345px;">L-Cysteine</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">cat# C7352</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:345px;">Leupeptin trifluoroacetate salt</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">cat# L2023</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:345px;">Papain from papaya latex</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">cat# P3125</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:345px;">Propidium iodide&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">cat# P4170</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:345px;">Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains</td>
			<td style="width:101px;"></td>
			<td style="width:136px;"></td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="41">
			<td height="41" style="height:41px;">ChATBAC-eGFP (B6.Cg-Tg(RP23-268L19-EGFP)2Mik/J)</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">The Jackson Laboratory</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">7902</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:345px;">Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:101px;"></td>
			<td style="width:136px;"></td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:345px;">LSM 800 with Airyscan confocal system&#160;on a&#160;Zeiss Axio Observer Z1 Inverted Microscope</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Zeiss</td>
			<td style="width:136px;"></td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">LSRFortessa</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">647465</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:345px;">Disposable equipment</td>
			<td style="width:101px;"></td>
			<td style="width:136px;"></td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:345px;">1.5 mL sterile tubes</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Thomas Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">1157C86</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
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			<td style="width:101px;">Falcon</td>
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			<td style="width:101px;">Falcon</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">352098</td>
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			<td style="width:101px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
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isolation and quantitative evaluation of brush cells from mouse tracheas

Tracheal brush cells are cholinergic chemosensory epithelial cells poised to transmit signals from the airway lumen to the immune and nervous systems. They are part of a family of chemosensory epithelial cells which include tuft cells in the intestinal mucosa, brush cells in the trachea, and solitary chemosensory and microvillous cells in the nasal mucosa. Chemosensory cells in different epithelial compartments share key intracellular markers and a core transcriptional signature, but also display significant transcriptional heterogeneity, likely reflective of the local tissue environment. Isolation of tracheal brush cells from single cell suspensions is required to define the function of these rare epithelial cells in detail, but their isolation is challenging, potentially due to the close interaction between tracheal brush cells and nerve endings or due to airway-specific composition of tight and adherens junctions. Here, we describe a procedure for isolation of brush cells from mouse tracheal epithelium. The method is based on an initial separation of tracheal epithelium from the submucosa, allowing for a subsequent shorter incubation of the epithelial sheet with papain. This procedure offers a rapid and convenient solution for flow cytometric sorting and functional analysis of viable tracheal brush cells.

This procedure has been successfully implemented to isolate tracheal brush cells for RNA sequencing3. After isolation of the trachea and digestion of the tissue with a 2-step protocol (Figure 1), cells were collected and stained with fluorescently-labeled CD45 and EpCAM after exclusion of dead cells with PI. After gating out doublets based on forward and side scatter characteristics, we defined brush cells as low/negative for CD45, positive for EpCAM and positive for ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation and Quantitative Evaluation of Brush Cells from Mouse Tracheas at JoVE.com

Isolation and Quantitative Evaluation of Brush Cells from Mouse Tracheas

Brush cells are rare cholinergic chemosensory epithelial cells found in the na&#239;ve mouse trachea. Due to their limited numbers, ex vivo evaluation of their functional role in airway immunity and remodeling is challenging. We describe a method for isolation of tracheal brush cells by flow cytometry.

Tracheal brush cells are cholinergic chemosensory epithelial cells poised to transmit signals from the airway lumen to the immune and nervous systems. ...

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