The overall goal of the following experiment is to demonstrate a reproducible ru NY gastric bypass model in rats, which is needed to elucidate its underlying physiological mechanisms in humans. This is achieved by first creating bilio pancreatic and elementary limbs. Next side to side do ostomy is performed with the bilio pancreatic limb, which establishes a future common channel.
Then the stomach is transected close to the gastroesophageal junction to create a small gastric pouch, which is aner most enter side with the elementary limb to complete the RNY reconstruction of the bypass procedure, results show a long-term maintained reduction in food intake and body weight of the animals with gastric bypass from increased postprandial plasma levels of peptide, yy, and peptide one. The main advantage of this technique of existing methods like gastric bypass models with a bigger gastric pouch size is that our red model closely mimics the surgical procedure used in humans by creating a very small gastric pouch consisting of less than 5%of the original stomach volume. This method can help answer key questions in the field of the physiology and pathophysiology of eating obesity and ensuing diseases such as type two diabetes or cardiovascular disease.
The night before gastric bypass surgery, remove any food from the rat's cage the following day after anesthetizing the animal in a flow chamber with four to 5%ice of fluorine, using electric razor to shave the abdomen from sternum to pelvis. Then place the rat in a supine position on an isothermal heating pad. Apply ointment to the rat size and place its face in a nose cone.
Maintain anesthesia with two to 3%is of fluorine and oxygen at two liters per minute. Next, disinfect the skin with Betadine solution. Then check the level of anesthesia with forceps by pinching between the toes of the hind leg for perioperative antibiotics intraperitoneal administered enro floxacin.
And for analgesia, add one milligram per kilogram flu nixon. To begin the surgery, use a scalpel to make a midline incision starting just below the xiphoid process, using mets and balm, scissors circumferentially, mobilize the skin from the underlying of abdominal muscles. Open the abdominal cavity and install retractors to expose the operation field to create a pancreatic and elementary limb.
First, identify whether duodenum or proximal jejunum passes under the colon approximately 10 centimeters orally from this point, transect the small bowel and ligate both ends of the guts. Place the proximal and distal stumps of the two ends in the upper left and right quadrants, respectively of the abdomen to be used later. To form the bial pancreatic and elementary limbs of the Ru MY reconstruction, identify the cecum with the ileocecal valve and ileum.
Follow the ileum orally for approximately 25 centimeters. Next, retrieve the bial pancreatic limb from the left upper quadrant of the abdomen, and position it next to the common channel. At this point, suture a retention stitch.
To secure the bilio pancreatic limb and common channel. Use micro scissors to incise both loops over approximately 10 millimeters. Then use interrupted sutures to form side-by-side aner.
First on the backside, then the front. Identify the gastroesophageal junction for creation of the gastric pouch. Use Matson balm scissors to mobilize this area by dissecting gastro hepatic and gastro splenic ligaments.
Next, move the left gastric artery and vagal fibers of the left paraesophageal bundle laterally to prevent major bleedings and vagal nerve damage when the small gastric pouch is created. Expose the gastroesophageal junction by placing a cotton swab, retro esophageal. Using a commercially available cordery device, coagulate the small vessels of frontal stomach to prevent bleedings using delicate curved scissors.
Transect stomach approximately five millimeters below gastroesophageal junction, creating gastric pouch of a size no more than two to 3%of original stomach size. Then close the gastric remnant for the gastrostomy. Retrieve the elementary limb from the upper right quadrant of abdomen and position it next to gastric pouch.
Perform anoc side anastomosis, beginning with the back, and then the front. Reduce the isof fluorine to 1.5%using continuous sutures. Close the muscle layer of the abdominal wall as an analgesic subcutaneously.
Administer 100 microliters of 0.3 milligrams per milliliter. Buprenorphine further reduce the isof fluorine to 1%Then using interrupted sutures, close the skin, discontinue the anesthesia, and continue with oxygen. Then administer five milliliters of warm saline in three subcutaneous locations.
Place the rat under a red light until it fully awakens. Finally, return the rat to its home cage administer a liquid diet for three days before giving the animals access to normal chow. This graph shows that five days after surgery, sham operated control animals weigh significantly more than gastric bypass rats.
And by day 60, the difference in body weight was much more dramatic, suggesting that gastric bypass is effective in reducing weight and maintaining weight loss. This figure shows that daily food intake was consistently lower in gastric bypass rats when compared to sham operated at Liam Fed Rats. Differences in food intake may be partly explained by increased postprandial plasma levels of peptide, yy and glucagon-like peptide one as indicated here.
Gastric bypass rats showed significantly higher levels of both peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide one Once mastered. This technique can be done in approximately one hour if it is performed properly After its development. This technique paved the way for researchers in the field of obesity and diabetes research to explore surgery dependent changes in gut endocrinology in reds and in mice.
