Humana estudos de células-tronco embrionárias no laboratório Teitell são suportados por um Instituto da Califórnia de Medicina Regenerativa (CIRM), as sementes conceder RS1-00313. Agradecemos a membros do Centro de Medicina Regenerativa Broad e Investigação em Células Estaminais na Universidade da Califórnia, especialmente Dr. Amander Clark, Dr. Jerome Zack, e membros do Instituto Broad Stem UCLA Facility núcleo celular para o seu apoio de nossos estudos.

HESCs divisão de Matrigel para Matrigel Normalmente, uma placa de 6 bem-confluentes de hESCs em Matrigel pode ser dividida 01:03 - 01:05 para outra placa Matrigel, com os poços se tornar confluentes novamente 4-5 dias após a divisão. <ol><li> CM e placas Matrigel estão preparados como descrito acima antes de se separarem. </li><li> No dia da separação, lavar cada cavidade para dividir com 1 × PBS, pH7.4, adicionar 1 ml de 1mg/ml Dispase (solução diluída de ações 5mg/ml com DMEM/F12 media) a cada poço e incube a 37 ° C por 3 min. </li><li> Lavar cada cavidade três vezes com 1 × PBS, pH7.4, adicionar 1 ml de ES mídia sem bFGF, use um raspador de células para raspar as colônias fora do fundo do poço, recolher o hESCs suspensas em um tubo falcon 50ml, e pellet por centrifugação a 200g por 5 min à temperatura ambiente. </li><li> Para re-placa do hESCs em placas Matrigel, primeiro lavar as placas com Matrigel DMEM/F12 e adicionar 2,5 ml de CM suplementado com 10ng/ml bFGF por poço. Ressuspender o sedimento em CTEh um volume adequado de CM suplementado com 10ng/ml bFGF, pipetar a suspensão célula para cima e para baixo três vezes. (NOTA: Quando hESCs para dividir vêm de placas Matrigel, as touceiras são muito fáceis de quebrar, por isso três rodadas de pipetagem é suficiente e mais de pipetagem pode perturbar o over-colônias e fazer uma única célula.) Alíquota 0,5 ml de suspensão CTEh aglomerados por poço da placa Matrigel 6-bem para conseguir 3ml por poço como um volume final. Coloque a placa em um 37 ° C incubadora. </li></ol> Detecção de marcadores pluripotência por microscopia de imunofluorescência Microscopia de imunofluorescência é usado para examinar a expressão de marcadores de pluripotência CTEh Oct-4 e SSEA-4 durante o cultivo. <ol><li> Aspirar media de um bem e lave com 1 × PBS, pH 7.4. Adicionar 2 ml de formaldeído 3,7% para o bem de correção para 10 min. </li><li> Enxágüe com 1xPBS, pH 7,4, adicionar 2 ml de metanol para o bem e coloque a -20 ° C por 2 min. </li><li> Enxágüe com 1xPBS, pH 7,4, e bloquear com 1ml de 0,2% serume albumina bovina (BSA) por 5 min. </li><li> Adicionar 1 ml de Oct-4 ou anti-h/mSSEA-4 anticorpos (diluição de 1:200 em 0,2% BSA), e incubar em temperatura ambiente por 1 hora ou a 4 ° C durante a noite. (NOTA: para SSEA-4 coloração, vá diretamente para a etapa 6) </li><li> Enxaguar três vezes com 1xPBS, pH 7,4, acrescentar FITC-conjugado IgG de coelho (1:500 diluição em 0,2% BSA), e incubar em temperatura ambiente por 1 hora. </li><li> Lave 3 vezes com 1xPBS, pH 7,4, e colocar uma gota de solução de montagem (pode conter DAPI se visualização nuclear é desejado) no centro do poço. Coloque lamela em cima das células, selo com unha polonês, e avaliar por microscopia de imunofluorescência. </li></ol> Humana recibos células-tronco embrionárias ES mídia (media células-tronco embrionárias): DMEM/F12 - 400ml Knockout Serum Replacer - 100ml Não-essenciais Aminoácidos - 5ml 200mM Solução Glutamax / BME - 5ml Penicilina / estreptomicina - 5ml Misture bem e guarde Meios de Cultura finais CTEh em garrafas de 500ml a 4 ° C. Bom para um máximo de duas semanas. Cultura MEF Media: DMEM - 1000ml FBS - 100ml Não-essenciais Aminoácidos - 10ml Glutamina - 10ml Penicllin Estreptomicina / - 10ml Misture bem e guarde Meios de Cultura finais MEF a 4 ° C. Solução Glutamax / BME 200mM: Glutamax - 100ml β-mercaptoetanol (solução stock de 14,3) - 140 μ1 Misture duas soluções bem e, em seguida, porções de 10ml alíquota. Manter alíquotas a -20 ° C. bFGF Solution (concentração final de estoque: 10 microgramas / ml): bFGF (FGF2) - 50 mg BSA 0,1% em 1xPBS, pH 7,4 - 5ml Dissolver 50 microgramas bFGF em BSA 0,1% 5ml para fazer um estoque mcg / ml 10. Alíquota em porções de 500 mL. Armazenar a -80 ° C. Colagenase IV Solução (1mg/ml): Colagenase IV - 50mg DMEM/F12 Media - 50ml Adicione o colagenase IV pó para um tubo falcon 50ml. Na capa, mix em 50ml de estéril DMEM/F12 mídia. Solução para o Vortex &lt;1 min. para se certificar de que o pó esteja dissolvido. No capô, passam por um filtro de 0,22 mM em um novo tubo estéril falcon 50ml. Esta solução é boa para um máximo de duas semanas armazenadas a 4 ° C. Dispase Solution (1mg/ml): Dispase 5mg/ml - 2ml Mídia DMEM/F12 - 8ml Alíquota de solução de 5mg/ml Dispase comerciais e armazenar a -20 ° C. Diluir dispase a 1mg/ml usando DMEM/F12. Esta solução pode ser mantida por uma semana a 4 ° C.

<ol>
	<li>Thomson, J. a. m. e. s. A., Itskovitz-Eldor, J. o. s. e. p. h., Shapiro, S. a. n. d. e. r. S., Waknitz, M. i. c. h. e. l. l. e. A., Swiergiel, J. e. n. n. i. f. e. r. J., Marshall, V. i. v. i. e. n. n. e. S., Jones, J. e. f. f. r. e. y. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Embryonic+Stem+Cell+Lines+Derived+from+Human+Blastocysts+.">Embryonic Stem Cell Lines Derived from Human Blastocysts .</a> Science. 282, 1145-1147 (1998).</li><li>Xu, C. h. u. n. h. u. i., Inokuma, M. a. r. g. a. r. e. t. S., Denham, J. e. r. r. o. d., Golds, K. a. t. h. a. l. e. e. n., Kundu, P. r. a. t. i. m. a., Gold, J. o. s. e. p. h. D., Carpenter, M. e. l. i. s. s. a. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=+Feeder-free+growth+of+undifferentiated+human+embryonic+stem+cells+Nature+Biotechnology+19."> Feeder-free growth of undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells Nature Biotechnology 19.</a> Nature Biotechnology. 19, 971-974 (2001).</li></ol>

Esta série de três vídeos demonstra como crescer células estaminais embrionárias humanas (hESCs) em fibroblastos de rato células embrionárias (MEF) alimentador (vídeo 1), como passagem para os Matrigel livre de células alimentador de placas (vídeo 2), e como manter a hESCs por passaging em Matrigel alimentação livre de células condições (vídeo 3). Numerosos estudos anteriores mostraram que a manutenção de viabilidade, hESCs indiferenciado requer a cultura em células alimentadoras inativado MEF. No entanto, para muitas exp...

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">	
		
		<div>
		<table border="1">
		<thead>
		<tr>
		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
		</tr>
		</thead>
		<tbody>
		
<tr>
<td>Knockout Serum Replacer (KSR)</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Gibco</td>
<td>10828-028</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>DMEM/F12</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Gibco</td>
<td>11330-057</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td> Non-essential Amino Acids</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Gibco</td>
<td>11140-050</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>GlutaMax </td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Gibco</td>
<td>35050-061</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>DMEM</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Gibco</td>
<td>11995-065</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>FBS</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Clontech</td>
<td>631107</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>L-glutamine</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Gibco</td>
<td>25030-081</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>BME</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Fisher</td>
<td>BP176-100</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>bFGF</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>R&D Systems</td>
<td>233-FB-025</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Collagenase IV</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Gibco</td>
<td>17104-019</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Dispase</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Stem Cell Technologies</td>
<td>17105-041</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Penicillin / Streptomycin </td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Gibco</td>
<td>15140-122</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Gelatin</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Chemicon</td>
<td>ES-006-B</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Matrigel</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>BD Biosciences</td>
<td>354277</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Oct-4 antibody</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Santa Cruz Biotechnology</td>
<td>SC-9081</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>anti-h/mSSEA-4 Phycoerythrin Conjugated Mouse IgG3</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>R&D Systems</td>
<td>FAB1435P</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>FITCI-conjugated antirabbit IgG</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories. Inc.</td>
<td>715-095-152</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>		</tbody>
		</table>
		</div>
			<div>
					</div>

from mefs to matrigel 3: passaging hescs from matrigel onto matrigel

Este vídeo demonstra como manter o crescimento de células estaminais embrionárias humanas (hESCs) no alimentador livre de células condições e como hESCs contínua passagem de alimentação livre de células condições. Confirmação de CTEh pluripotência cultivadas em alimentador livre de células ao microscópio de imunofluorescência condições também é demonstrada.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about From MEFs to Matrigel 3: Passaging hESCs from Matrigel onto Matrigel at JoVE.com

From MEFs to Matrigel 3: Passaging hESCs from Matrigel onto Matrigel

Este vídeo demonstra como manter o crescimento de células estaminais embrionárias humanas (hESCs) no alimentador livre de células condições e como hESCs contínua passagem de alimentação livre de células condições. Confirmação de CTEh pluripotência cultivadas em alimentador livre de células ao microscópio de imunofluorescência condições também é demonstrada. Parte 3 de 3.

De MEFs para Matrigel 3: hESCs Passaging de Matrigel em Matrigel

This video demonstrates how to maintain the growth of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in feeder cell-free conditions and how to continuously passage ...

from-mefs-to-matrigel-3-passaging-hescs-from-matrigel-onto-matrigel

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

13.7K visualizações.  University of California, Los Angeles. Este vídeo demonstra como manter o crescimento de células estaminais embrionárias humanas (hESCs) no alimentador livre de células condições e como hESCs contínua passagem de alimentação livre de células condições. Confirmação de CTEh pluripotência cultivadas em alimentador livre de células ao microscópio de imunofluorescência condições também é demonstrada. Parte 3 de 3.

Vídeo: From MEFs to Matrigel 3: Passaging hESCs from Matrigel onto Matrigel

Passaging HuES Human Embryonic Stem Cell-lines with Trypsin.

In this video we demonstrate how our lab routinely passages HuES human embryonic stem cell lines with trypsin.  Human embryonic stem cells are artifacts of cell culture, and tend to acquire karyotypic abnormalities with high population doublings.  Proper passaging is essential for maintaining a healthy, undifferentiated, karyotypically normal HuES human embryonic stem cell culture.  First, an expanding culture is washed in PBS to remove residual media and cell debris, then cells are overlaid with a minimal volume of warm 0.05% Trypsin-EDTA.  Trypsin is left on the cells for up to five minutes, then cells are gently dislodged with a 2mL serological pipette.  The cell suspension is collected and mixed with a large volume of HuES media, then cells are collected by gentle centrifugation.  The inactivated trypsin media mixture is removed, and cells resuspended in pre-warmed HuES media.  An appropriate split ratio is calculated (generally 1:10 to 1:20), and cells re-plated onto a 1-2 day old plate containing a monolayer of irradiated mouse embryonic fibroblast feeder cells.  The newly seeded HuES culture plate is left undisturbed for 48 hrs, then media is changed every day thereafter.  It is important not to trpsinize down to a single cell suspension, as this increases the risk of introducing karyotypic abnormalities.

In this video we demonstrate how our lab routinely passages HuES human embryonic stem cell lines with trypsin. Brought to you by JoVE.

MATIZ Passaging-tronco embrionárias humanas Cell-linhas com Tripsina

In this video we demonstrate how our lab routinely passages HuES human embryonic stem cell lines with trypsin.  Human embryonic stem cells are artifacts ...

Biologia

Passaging Human Neural Stem Cells

The ability to manipulate human neural stem/precursor cells (hNSPCs) in vitro provides a means to investigate their utility as cell transplants for therapeutic purposes as well as to explore many fundamental processes of human neural development and pathology.  This protocol presents a simple method of culturing and passaging hNSPCs in hopes of standardizing this technique and increasing reproducibility of human stem cell research.  The hNSPCs we use were isolated from cadaveric postnatal brain cortices by the National Human Neural Stem Cell Resource and grown as adherent cultures on flasks coated with fibronectin (Palmer et al., 2001; Schwartz et al., 2003).  We culture our hNSPCs in a DMEM:F12 serum-free media supplemented with EGF, FGF, and PDGF and passage them 1:2 approximately every seven days.  Using these conditions, the majority of the cells in the culture maintain a bipolar morphology and express markers of undifferentiated neural stem cells (such as nestin and sox2).

The ability to manipulate human neural stem/precursor cells (hNSPCs) in vitro allows to investigate their utility as cell transplants for therapeutic purposes and to explore human neural development. This protocol presents a method of culturing and passaging hNSPCs in hopes of increasing reproducibility of human stem cell research.

Passaging células-tronco neurais

The ability to manipulate human neural stem/precursor cells (hNSPCs) in vitro provides a means to investigate their utility as cell transplants for ...

From MEFs to Matrigel I: Passaging hESCs in the Presence of MEFs

This video demonstrates how to grow human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) on mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) feeder cells.


This video demonstrates how to grow human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) on mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) feeder cells. Part 1 of 3.

De MEFs para Matrigel I: hESCs Passaging na Presença de MEFs

This video demonstrates how to grow human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) on mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) feeder cells.
...

Generating iPS Cells from MEFS through Forced Expression of Sox-2, Oct-4, c-Myc, and Klf4

Pluripotency can be induced in differentiated murine by viral transduction of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006; Wernig, et al., 2007; Okita, et al., 2007; Maherali, et al., 2007). We have devised a reprogramming strategy in which these four transcription factors are expressed from doxycycline (dox)-inducible lentiviral vectors (Brambrink et al., 2008). Using these inducible constructs, we can derive induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). In this video, we demonstrate the procedure for the generation of inducible lentiviruses that express the four transcription factors and show how to infect MEFs with these viruses in order to produce iPS cells. By using inducible lentiviruses, the expression of the four factors in controlled by the addition of doxycyline to the culture medium. The advantage of this system over the traditional retroviral infection is the ability to turn the genes on and off so that the kinetics of reprogramming and gene expression requirements can be analyzed in detail.

This video shows the procedure for generating induced pluripotent stem cells using inducible lentivirus that express Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4.

Geração de iPS a partir de células MEFS através da expressão forçada de Sox-2, Oct-4, c-Myc e KLF4

Pluripotency can be induced in differentiated murine by viral transduction of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006;  Wernig, et al., ...

From MEFs to Matrigel 2: Splitting hESCs from MEFs onto Matrigel

This video demonstrates how to grow human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) on mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) feeder cells, how to passage hESCs from MEF plates to feeder cell-free Matrigel plates.


This video demonstrates how to maintain the growth of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in feeder cell-free conditions and how to continuously passage hESCs in feeder cell-free conditions. Confirmation of hESC pluripotency grown in feeder cell-free conditions by immunofluorescence microscopy is also demonstrated. Part 2 of 3.

De MEFs para Matrigel 2: hESCs Divisão de MEFs para Matrigel

This video demonstrates how to grow human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) on mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) feeder cells, how to passage hESCs from MEF ...

Cargo Loading onto Kinesin Powered Molecular Shuttles

Cells have evolved sophisticated molecular machinery, such as kinesin motor proteins and microtubule filaments, to support active intracellular transport of cargo. While kinesins tail domain binds to a variety of cargoes, kinesins head domains utilize the chemical energy stored in ATP molecules to step along the microtubule lattice. The long, stiff microtubules serve as tracks for long-distance intracellular transport.
These motors and filaments can also be employed in microfabricated synthetic environments as components of molecular shuttles 1. In a frequently used design, kinesin motors are anchored to the track surface through their tails, and functionalized microtubules serve as cargo carrying elements, which are propelled by these motors. These shuttles can be loaded with cargo by utilizing the strong and selective binding between biotin and streptavidin. The key components (biotinylated tubulin, streptavidin, and biotinylated cargo) are commercially available.
Building on the classic inverted motility assay 2, the construction of molecular shuttles is detailed here. Kinesin motor proteins are adsorbed to a surface precoated with casein; microtubules are polymerized from biotinylated tubulin, adhered to the kinesin and subsequently coated with rhodamine-labeled streptavidin. The ATP concentration is maintained at subsaturating concentration to achieve a microtubule gliding velocity optimal for loading cargo 3. Finally, biotinylated fluorescein-labeled nanospheres are added as cargo. Nanospheres attach to microtubules as a result of collisions between gliding microtubules and nanospheres adhering to the surface.
The protocol can be readily modified to load a variety of cargoes such as biotinylated DNA4, quantum dots 5 or a wide variety of antigens via biotinylated antibodies 4-6.

Molecular shuttles consisting of functionalized microtubules gliding on surface-adhered kinesin motor proteins can serve as a nanoscale transport system. Here, the assembly of a typical shuttle system is described.

Embarque de carga para cinesina Produzido Shuttles Molecular

Cells have evolved sophisticated molecular machinery, such as kinesin motor proteins and microtubule filaments, to support active intracellular transport ...

An Introduction to Worm Lab: from Culturing Worms to Mutagenesis

This protocol describes procedures to maintain nematodes in the laboratory and how to mutagenize them using two alternative methods: ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) and 4, 5', 8-trimethylpsoralen combined with ultraviolet light (TMP/UV). Nematodes are powerful biological systems for genetics studies because of their simple body plan and mating system, which is composed of self-fertilizing hermaphrodites and males that can generate hundreds of progeny per animal. Nematodes are maintained in agar plates containing a lawn of bacteria and can be easily transferred from one plate to another using a pick. EMS is an alkylating agent commonly used to induce point mutations and small deletions, while TMP/UV mainly induces deletions. Depending on the species of nematode being used, concentrations of EMS and TMP will have to be optimized. To isolate recessive mutations of the nematode Pristionchus pacificus, animals of the F2 generation were visually screened for phenotypes. To illustrate these methods, we mutagenized worms and looked for Uncoordinated (Unc), Dumpy (Dpy) and Transformer (Tra) mutants.

Screening for mutants with phenotypic defects is a straightforward method for identifying genes that function in a given biological process. In this article we describe how to culture free living worms (e.g., Pristionchus pacificus) in the laboratory and show two different mutagenesis methods, EMS and TMP/UV.

Uma Introdução ao Lab Worm: de Worms Cultivar a mutagênese

This protocol describes procedures to maintain nematodes in the laboratory and how to mutagenize them using two alternative methods: ethyl methane ...

A Matrigel-Based Tube Formation Assay to Assess the Vasculogenic Activity of Tumor Cells

Over the past several decades, a tube formation assay using growth factor-reduced Matrigel has been typically employed to demonstrate the angiogenic activity of vascular endothelial cells in vitro1-5. However, recently growing evidence has shown that this assay is not limited to test vascular behavior for endothelial cells. Instead, it also has been used to test the ability of a number of tumor cells to develop a vascular phenotype6-8. This capability was consistent with their vasculogenic behavior identified in xenotransplanted animals, a process known as vasculogenic mimicry (VM)9. There is a multitude of evidence demonstrating that tumor cell-mediated VM plays a vital role in the tumor development, independent of endothelial cell angiogenesis6, 10-13. For example, tumor cells were found to participate in the blood perfused, vascular channel formation in tissue samples from melanoma and glioblastoma patients8, 10, 11. Here, we described this tubular network assay as a useful tool in evaluation of vasculogenic activity of tumor cells. We found that some tumor cell lines such as melanoma B16F1 cells, glioblastoma U87 cells, and breast cancer MDA-MB-435 cells are able to form vascular tubules; but some do not such as colon cancer HCT116 cells. Furthermore, this vascular phenotype is dependent on cell numbers plated on the Matrigel. Therefore, this assay may serve as powerful utility to screen the vascular potential of a variety of cell types including vascular cells, tumor cells as well as other cells.

A tube formation assay is used to evaluate vascular activity of tumor cells.

A Matrigel-Based Assay formação do tubo para avaliar a atividade vasculogênica de células tumorais

Over the past several decades, a tube formation assay using growth factor-reduced Matrigel has been typically employed to demonstrate the angiogenic ...

Efficient Production and Purification of Recombinant Murine Kindlin-3 from Insect Cells for Biophysical Studies

Kindlins are essential coactivators, with talin, of the cell surface receptors&#160;integrins and also participate in integrin outside-in signalling, and the control of gene transcription in the cell nucleus. The kindlins are ~75 kDa multidomain proteins and bind to an NPxY motif and upstream T/S cluster of the integrin &#946;-subunit cytoplasmic tail. The hematopoietically-important kindlin isoform, kindlin-3, is critical for platelet aggregation during thrombus formation, leukocyte rolling in response to infection and inflammation and osteoclast podocyte formation in bone resorption. Kindlin-3&#39;s role in these processes has resulted in extensive cellular and physiological studies. However, there is a need for an efficient method of acquiring high quality milligram quantities of the protein for further studies. We have developed a protocol, here described, for the efficient expression and purification of recombinant murine kindlin-3 by use of a baculovirus-driven expression system in Sf9 cells yielding sufficient amounts of high purity full-length protein to allow its biophysical characterization. The same approach could be taken in the study of the other mammalian kindlin isoforms.

Kindlins are fundamental to cell adhesion through integrins but studies of them have been hampered by the difficulty encountered in expressing them recombinantly in bacterial hosts. We describe here methods for their efficient production in baculovirus-infected insect cells.

Produção eficiente e Purificação de recombinante murino Kindlin-3 a partir de células de insetos de Estudos biofísicos

Kindlins are essential coactivators, with talin, of the cell surface receptors&#160;integrins and also participate in integrin outside-in signalling, and ...

Generation of Myospheres From hESCs by Epigenetic Reprogramming

Generation of a homogeneous and abundant population of skeletal muscle cells from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) is a requirement for cell-based therapies and for a "disease in a dish" model of human neuromuscular diseases. Major hurdles, such as low abundance and heterogeneity of the population of interest, as well as a lack of protocols for the formation of three-dimensional contractile structures, have limited the applications of stem cells for neuromuscular disorders. We have designed a protocol that overcomes these limits by ectopic introduction of defined factors in hESCs - the muscle determination factor MyoD and SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex component BAF60C - that are able to reprogram hESCs into skeletal muscle cells. Here we describe the protocol established to generate hESC-derived myoblasts and promote their clustering into tridimensional miniaturized structures (myospheres) that functionally mimic miniaturized skeletal muscles7.

Here, we describe a protocol based on epigenetic reprogramming of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) toward generating a homogeneous population of skeletal muscle progenitors that under permissive culture conditions form three-dimensional clusters of contractile myofibers (myospheres), which recapitulate biological features of human skeletal muscles.

Geração de Myospheres De hESCs por epigenética Reprogramação

Generation of a homogeneous and abundant population of skeletal muscle cells from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) is a requirement for cell-based ...