Obtaining High-Quality Cryosections of Whole Rabbit Eye

Summary

This protocol describes a reliable method for obtaining high-quality cryosections of whole rabbit eyes. It details rabbit eye dissection, fixation, embedding, and sectioning procedures, which may be easily adapted for use in any study utilizing immunohistochemistry in larger eyes.

Abstract

This protocol describes how to obtain high-quality retinal cryosections in larger animals, such as rabbits. After enucleation, the eye is briefly immersed in the fixative. Then, the cornea and iris are removed and the eye is left overnight for additional fixation at 4 °C. Following fixation, the lens is removed. The eye is then placed in a cryomold and filled with an embedding medium. By removing the lens, the embedding medium has better access to the vitreous and leads to better retinal stability. Importantly, the eye should be incubated in embedding medium overnight to allow complete infiltration throughout the vitreous. Following overnight incubation, the eye is frozen on dry ice and sectioned. Whole retinal sections may be obtained for use in immunohistochemistry. Standard staining protocols may be utilized to study the localization of antigens within the retinal tissue. Adherence to this protocol results in high-quality retinal cryosections that may be used in any experiment utilizing immunohistochemistry.

Introduction

The retina is composed of several layers of specialized cells within the eye that together work to convert light into neural signals. Because the retina plays a critical role in vision, understanding its structure and function can provide valuable insights into some of the most common causes of vision loss such as macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy, among others.

Rabbits serve as a convenient animal model in retinal research as they offer several advantages compared to other models. Rabbit eyes are relatively similar in anatomy to human eyes^1,2. For example, rabbits have ....

Protocol

All procedures were carried out in compliance with and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of the University of Southern California. Fourteen (n = 14) Dutch-belted rabbits between 4 and 6 months of age were used in the development of this protocol. Both male and female animals were used. All animals weighed between 2.0 and 2.5 kg. All animals were singly housed. A list of recommended materials and equipment can be found in the Table of Materials.

Discussion

Prior to implementing the above protocol, we consistently faced difficulties with the tissue processing of rabbit eyes for IHC. We had adapted several protocols from the eyes of smaller animals such as mice but found these to lead to inadequate fixation and difficulty with tissue sectioning. There are several important considerations that allow for consistent, high-quality sections of the rabbit retina.

One consideration is the large size of the rabbit globe in comparison to other commonly use.......

Materials

Name	Company	Catalog Number	Comments
100 mm culture dish	Corning	353025	Used for dissection (steps 1.3, 3, and 5)
50 mL tube	Genesee Scientific	28-106	For fixation and cryoprotection (step 1)
Cryostat	Leica	CM1850	For cryosectioning (step 7)
Curved scissors	Fine Science Tools	91500-09	Used for dissection (steps 1.3, 3, and 5)
DAPI	Fisher Scientific	D3571	Diluted 1:1,000 in blocking buffer
Dissection microscope	Zeiss	Stemi 2000-C	Used for dissection (steps 1.3, 3, and 5)
Donkey anti-Goat 488	Fisher Scientific	A-11055	Diluted 1:1,000 in blocking buffer
Donkey anti-Mouse 555	Fisher Scientific	A-31570	Diluted 1:1,000 in blocking buffer
Forceps	Fine Science Tools	91150-20	Used for dissection (steps 1.3, 3, and 5)
Glass Slide Cover	VWR	48404-453	For cryosectioning (step 7)
Goat anti-SOX2	R&D Systems	AF2018	Diluted 1:100 in blocking buffer
High-profile disposable cryostat blades	Leica Microsystems Inc.	14035838926	For cryosectioning (step 7)
Kimwipe	Fisher Scientific	06-666-A	Used to wipe away excess PBS or OCT (steps 3 and 6)
Mouse anti-RPE65	Novus Bio	NB100-355SS	Diluted 1:100 in blocking buffer
OmniPur Sucrose	Millipore	167117	Used for cryoprotectant (step 1.2)
Paraformaldehyde 20% solution	Electron Microscopy Sciences	15713	Used as tissue fixative (diluted to 4% in step 1.1)
Peel-A-Away Disposable Embedding Mold (22x22x20 mm Deep)	Polysciences, Inc.	18646A	Used as embedding mold (step 6)
Phosphate buffered saline, 1x	Corning	21-030-CV	Used in preparation of fixative (step 1.1) and cryoprotectant (step 1.2)
Scalpel blade no. 15	Feather	08-916-5D	Used for dissection (steps 1.3, 3, and 5)
Superfrost Plus Microscope Slides	Fisher Scientific	12-550-15	For cryosectioning (step 7)
Tissue-Tek O.C.T. Compound	Sakura	4583	Used as embedding media (step 6)