1. Donör Operasyonu <ol><li> Donör sıçan 24 saat (su / glukoz solüsyonu ücretsiz erişim) için oruç tutulmalıdır. </li><li> İzofluran inhalasyon anestezi uygulamak için, standart atomizer üzerinde% 2 ile başlamak ve daha sonra laparotomi gerçekleştirdikten sonra% 1 azaltır. Sedasyon kontrol etmek için bir ayak tutam gerçekleştirin. </li><li> Karın Tıraş ve cilt hazırlık 3 kez (Kodan) ile temizleyin. Sonra analjezik subkutan uygulamadan sonra median insizyon gerçekleştirin. </li><li> Greft tuzlu batırılmış gazlı bez sarılmış sonra, pankreas ve bir Q-ucu (6x büyütme ile cerrahi mikroskop altında) hafifçe çıkan kolon arasındaki fizyolojik yapışıklıklar ayırın. </li><li> Arter ve 7-0 ipek kullanılarak ileoçekal ve orta ve sağ kolik damarları bölün. Çıkan kolon superior mezenterik ven sağ tarafında (SMV) dışarı yayılır sonra, ileoçekal sağ ve orta kolik damarları 7-0 bağları kullanarak ligasyonu ve bölünmesi için tespit edilebilir. </li><li> Tüm SMV dışarı doğruldu ve maruz böylece yukarı doğru mide çekin. Retraksiyon bir sivrisinek kelepçe kullanın. Kelepçe gerektiğinde bir şekil haline getirilir hamuru kütlesi tarafından tutulur. </li><li> Arter ve SMV gelen pankreatobiliyer-duodenal damarlar bölün. Pankreatik doku greft çıkarılmalıdır önce SMV kaynaklanan tüm küçük pankreatobiliyer-duodenum damarlar dikkatle tespit 7-0 ipek ile bağlandı ve bölünmesi gerekir. </li><li> Arter ve SMV ve abdominal aorta arasındaki tüm lenfatikler dahil kaybetmek bağ dokusu bölün. Hala karnın sağ tarafında greft ile, SMV ve abdominal aorta erişilebilir arasındaki tüm lenfatikler dahil bağ doku kaybedebilir. Bu bağ doku 7-0 ipek kullanılarak bağlandı ve bağırsak greft gelen postoperatif lymphorrhea önlemek için bölünmesi gerekir. </li><li> Arter ve sağ renal arter bölün. Bağ dokusu ayrılmıştır sonra, sağ renal arter accessibl olurve e ile bağlandı ve 7-0 ipek kullanılarak ayrılmıştır. </li><li> Sistemik penil ven yoluyla heparin iv 200 birimlerini kullanarak sıçan heparinise. </li><li> Marjinal arterler Arter ve duodenostenoz jejunal kavşakta ve terminal ileumdan ince bağırsak bölün. </li><li> Aort SMA kökeni proksimale bağlandı edilir. Portal ven splenik ven ile birleştiği noktada kesmiş edilir. Sonra greft, aort segmenti olan SMA, vasküler pedikül oluşan ile hasat edilir. </li></ol> 2. Backtable Prosedürü <ol><li> Aort kanal aracılığıyla 4&#39;te Wisconsin solüsyonu (UW) University ° C&#39;de 3 ml kullanılarak greft serpmek ve 4 ° C (lümen sulama zorunlu edilir) Uro-Nebacetin N çözelti, 30 ml ile jejunum ucundan bağırsak lümeninde sulamak . </li></ol> Hemen greft ekstraksiyon uygulandıktan sonra, aort boru 3 ml soğutulmuş UW solüsyonu ile perfüzyon için kullanılır. Bu, bir 20 G iv kateter10 ml lik bir şırınga kullanılır. Perfüzat bölünmüş portal ven özgürce dışarı akmasına dikkat edilmelidir. Nebacetin ile bağırsak sulama için, 50 ml&#39;lik bir şırınga kullanılır. <ol start="2"><li> Alıcının hazırlanması sırasında 4 ° C&#39;de UW çözüm greft saklayın. </li></ol> 3. Alıcı Operasyonu <ol><li> Alıcı sıçan 24 saat (su / glukoz solüsyonu ücretsiz erişim) için oruç tutulmalıdır. </li><li> İzofluran inhalasyon anestezi uygulamak için, standart atomizer üzerinde% 2 ile başlamak ve daha sonra laparotomi gerçekleştirdikten sonra% 1 azaltır. Sedasyon kontrol etmek için bir ayak tutam gerçekleştirin. </li><li> Karın Tıraş ve cilt hazırlık 3 kez (Kodan) ile temizleyin. Sonra analjezi için Carprofen 5 mg / kg sc subkutan uygulamadan sonra median insizyon gerçekleştirin. </li><li> Normal salin batırılmış gazlı bez alıcı barsak sarın ve alıcının göğüs üzerine yerleştirin. </li><li> Q-ipuçları ile dobra dobra retroperiton açın ve abdominal maruzSadece gerekirse aşağı iliak damarlar seviyesine böbrek damarları, aşağıda nal aorta ve vena kava inferior da microscissors kullanın. Kan kaybını önlemek için 7-0 ipek kullanılarak aort ve vena kava dan küçük bel ve omurga tribuaries Arter. (Bunu yapmak için, 16x cerrahi mikroskop zoom değiştirin.) </li><li> Distale mikrodamar klipler kullanarak sol renal damarların proksimal ve iliak bifurkasyon Aşağıda, yukarıda aorta ve IVC çapraz klemp. Sadece tek bir kelepçe aynı anda her iki damar sıkıştırmak için distal olarak hem de proksimal kullanılır. Anteriorde bir microknife kullanarak hem damarları kesilirken ve kalan kan yıkayın. </li><li> Sürekli 10-0 Prolene sütür kullanarak greft aort segmenti ve alıcının infrarenal aorta arasında bir uç-yan anastomoz oluşturun .. Başlangıçta, greft düşük fiyatının dikiş arteryel anastomoz ve bağlama arka duvarına dikiş gerçekleştirmek için karnın sağ tarafında (12&#39;de konumlandırılmış sıçan kafası) üzerine yerleştirilir. Thtr, greft anastomoz ön duvarı açığa ve dikiş karın (9 o&#39;clock konumlandırılmış sıçan başkanı) sol tarafına teslim edilmektedir. </li><li> Greft portal ven ve alıcının IVK arasında bir uç-yan anastomoz 10-0 Prolene kullanarak sütürlerinin tarafından aynı şekilde gerçekleştirilir. Sıçan ile hala yalan yanlara (9 munda kafası), greft karnın sol tarafında konumlandırılmış ve daha düşük bir konaklama sütür yerleştirilir. Anastomoz damar içeriden arka duvar ile başladı. Alt kenet bağlı kalmak sonra, ön duvar dikiş dışarıdan gerçekleştirilebilir. </li><li> Üst kelepçeler ardından ilk distal kelepçeleri sökün. Herhangi anastomotik kanama Q-ipuçlarını kullanarak doğrudan basınç tarafından kontrol edilir. Greft eşit ve hızlı reperfüzyon kontrol edilmelidir. </li><li> Mezenterik damarların ligasyonu sonrası tüm alıcının ince bağırsak rezeksiyonu. Alıcılar pro 2-3 cm koruyarak, subtotal enterektomi geçmesiximal jejunum ve ileum distalinde 1 cm. </li><li> Proksimal (Jejuno-jejunostomi) ve distal (ileo-ileostomi) uçtan 6-0 Monocryl bir kesintiye tek katmanlı sütür kullanılarak intestinal anastomozlar bitirmek. Tarafından enterik süreklilik Restore Yaklaşık 16 sütürler anastomozlar tamamlamak için ihtiyaç vardır. </li><li> Temizlenene kadar normal salin ile periton boşluğuna sulayın. Sıvı replasmanı için normal serum fizyolojik intraperitoneal 2 ml uygulayın. Sonra 3-0 kas tabakası için Vicryl artı sürekli bir cilt sütür ile devamlı sütür kullanılarak karın kapatın. </li><li> Postoperatif dönemde sonrasında ratlar standart sıçan yemi ve su ad libitum tarihinde yeniden bir 24 saat boyunca (su ve glikoz çözeltisi erişim) oruç tutulmalıdır. Carprofen ile analjezi 3 gün (aşağıda dozaj bakınız) uygulanmalıdır. </li></ol>

<ol>
	<li>Abu-Elmagd, K. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Five+Hundred+Intestinal+and+Multivisceral+Transplantations+at+a+Single+Center:+Major+Advances+With+New+Challenges.">Five Hundred Intestinal and Multivisceral Transplantations at a Single Center: Major Advances With New Challenges.</a> Ann. Surg. 250 (4), 567-56 (2009).</li><li>Berney, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Portal+versus+systemic+drainage+of+small+bowel+allografts:+comparative+assessment+of+survival,+function,+rejection,+and+bacterial+translocation.">Portal versus systemic drainage of small bowel allografts: comparative assessment of survival, function, rejection, and bacterial translocation.</a> J. Am. Coll. Surg. 195 (6), 804 (2002).</li><li>Fishbein, T. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intestinal+transplantation.">Intestinal transplantation.</a> N. Engl. J. Med. 361 (10), 998 (2009).</li><li>Hernandez, F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Is+portal+venous+outflow+better+than+systemic+venous+outflow+in+small+bowel+transplantation?+Experimental+study+in+syngeneic+rats.">Is portal venous outflow better than systemic venous outflow in small bowel transplantation? Experimental study in syngeneic rats.</a> J. Pediatr. Surg. 40 (2), 336 (2005).</li><li>Monchik, G. J., Russell, P. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transplantation+of+small+bowel+in+the+rat:+technical+and+immunological+considerations.">Transplantation of small bowel in the rat: technical and immunological considerations.</a> Surgery. 70 (5), 693 (1971).</li><li>Murase, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Graft-versus-host+disease+after+brown+Norway-to-Lewis+and+Lewis-to-Brown+Norway+rat+intestinal+transplantation+under+FK506.">Graft-versus-host disease after brown Norway-to-Lewis and Lewis-to-Brown Norway rat intestinal transplantation under FK506.</a> Transplantation. 55 (1), 1 (1993).</li><li>Murase, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Immunomodulation+of+intestinal+transplant+with+allograft+irradiation+and+simultaneous+donor+bone+marrow+infusion.">Immunomodulation of intestinal transplant with allograft irradiation and simultaneous donor bone marrow infusion.</a> Transplant Proc. 31 (1-2), 565 (1999).</li><li>Pech, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Perioperative+infliximab+application+ameliorates+acute+rejection+associated+inflammation+after+intestinal+transplantation.">Perioperative infliximab application ameliorates acute rejection associated inflammation after intestinal transplantation.</a> Am. J. Transplant. 10 (11), 2431 (2010).</li><li>Schaefer, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Resident+macrophages+are+involved+in+intestinal+transplantation-associated+inflammation+and+motoric+dysfunction+of+the+graft+muscularis.">Resident macrophages are involved in intestinal transplantation-associated inflammation and motoric dysfunction of the graft muscularis.</a> Am J Transplant. 7 (5), 1062 (2007).</li><li>Schaefer, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mechanism+and+impact+of+organ+harvesting+and+ischemia-reperfusion+injury+within+the+graft+muscularis+in+rat+small+bowel+transplantation.+Transplant.">Mechanism and impact of organ harvesting and ischemia-reperfusion injury within the graft muscularis in rat small bowel transplantation. Transplant.</a> Proc. 38 (6), 1821 (2006).</li><li>Schaefer, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acute+rejection+and+the+muscularis+propria+after+intestinal+transplantation:+the+alloresponse,+inflammation,+and+smooth+muscle+function.">Acute rejection and the muscularis propria after intestinal transplantation: the alloresponse, inflammation, and smooth muscle function.</a> Transplantation. 85 (10), 1465 (2008).</li><li>Xue, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Surgical+experience+of+refined+3-cuff+technique+for+orthotopic+small-bowel+transplantation+in+rat:+a+report+of+270+cases.">Surgical experience of refined 3-cuff technique for orthotopic small-bowel transplantation in rat: a report of 270 cases.</a> Am. J. Surg. 198 (1), 110 (2009).</li><li>Zhang, X. Q., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simplified+techniques+in+rat+heterotopic+small+bowel+transplantation.">Simplified techniques in rat heterotopic small bowel transplantation.</a> Transplant. Proc. 38 (6), 1840 (2006).</li><li>Zhao, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+establishment+of+a+new+en+bloc+combined+liver-small+bowel+transplantation+model+in+rats.+Transplant.">The establishment of a new en bloc combined liver-small bowel transplantation model in rats. Transplant.</a> Proc. 39 (1), 278 (2007).</li></ol>

Çıkar çatışması ilan etti.

Sıçanlarda intestinal transplantasyon modelleri 1970&#39;lerde 5 gibi erken olarak tarif edilmiş olsa da son zamanlarda kullanılan modellerin en farklı teknikler kullanılarak 13 heterotopik bağırsak nakli içerir. Genel olarak heterotopik işlemleri daha kolay mikrocerrahi teknikleri ve değerlendirme için greft kolay erişilebilirlik avantajı varken, heterotopik intestinal transplantasyon hesaba nakledilen ince barsağın birden etkileşimleri ve kontraktil aktivitesi gibi fonksiyonel y?...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> Reaktif Adı </td><td> Şirket </td><td> Katalog numarası </td><td> Yorumlar (isteğe bağlı) </td></tr><tr><td> University of Wisconsin (UW) çözümü (ViaSpan) </td><td> Bristol-Myers Squibb </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Üro-Nebacetin N çözümü </td><td> Nycomed </td><td> 6967855 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Ampisilin </td><td> Ratiopharm </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Carprofen (Rimadyl) </td><td> Pfizer </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Prolen 10-0 unresorbable sütür </td><td> Ethicon </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Monocryl 6-0 emilebilir sütür </td><td> Ethicon </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Vicryl 3-0 emilebilir sütür </td><td> Ethicon </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> iv Kateter G 20 1.1x33 mm </td><td> Braun </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> iv Kateter G 22 0.9x25 mm </td><td> Braun </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Kodan Skin Prep </td><td> Schülke </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> % 0.9 NaCl İnfüzyon çözeltisi </td><td> Braun </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Kavisli forseps küçük </td><td> FineScienceTools </td><td> 11009-13 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Mikro forseps kavisli </td><td> AESCULAP </td><td> BD 333 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Mikro forseps kavisli </td><td> AESCULAP </td><td> FD281R </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Mikro düz 1 forseps </td><td> TEFE </td><td> 5 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Mikro düz 2 forseps </td><td> TEFE </td><td> 2 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Mikro iğne tutucu </td><td> TEFE </td> &lt;td&gt; 14081 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Mikro makaslar </td><td> FineScienceTools </td><td> 15006-09 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Mikro neşter </td><td> MANI </td><td> Oftalmik bıçak </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Mikro kıskaç </td><td> AESCULAP </td><td> FB329R </td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

orthotopic small bowel transplantation in rats

İnce bağırsak transplantasyonu parenteral beslenme kısa bağırsak sendromu ve yetmezliği (geri dönüşümsüz intestinal yetmezlik) olan hastalar için kabul edilen bir klinik seçenek haline gelmiştir. Özelleşmiş merkezlerde ameliyat iyileşme ve yaşam 1,3 yüksek kalite sunarken yönetme stratejileri mükemmel kısa ve orta vadeli hasta ve greft sağkalım sağlamıştır. Diğer katı organların daha yaygın nakli aksine (örneğin kalp, karaciğer) intestinal transplantasyon ile indüklenen greft fonksiyonu ve immünolojik değişiklikler birçok yatan mekanizmaları tamamen bilinen 6,7 değildir. Rejeksiyon, sepsis ve kronik greft yetmezliği Episodes hala az avantajlı uzun dönem sonuçlarında katkıda bulunan ve potansiyel olarak böyle bir nakli yararlanacak evde parenteral beslenme hasta giderek artan sayısına rağmen prosedür daha yaygın istihdam önündeki temel engellerdir. Ince bağırsak içeriryolcu lökositlerin çok sayıda genellikle ilişkili lenfoid bağırsak sistemi (GALT) bağırsak greft yüksek immünojenitenin nedeni bu parçası olmak parçası olarak anılacaktır. Greft mukozal bütünlüğü (rejeksiyon örneğin) tehlikeye kez varlığı ve bağırsak birçok kommensal ve patojenlerin yakınlığı sepsis ataklarının şiddeti açıklar. Güvenli ve uygun hayvan modellerinde elde daha fazla bağırsak-ya da çoklu organ transplantasyon veri alanında ilerleme için gereklidir. Modeli Burada bir kez standart bir şekilde kurulan güvenilirlik ve fizibilite hem birleştirir ve bağırsak nakli ile tetiklenen yatan kompleks moleküler, hücresel ve fonksiyonel mekanizmaları hakkında değerli bilgiler verebilir sağladı. Biz başarıyla Laboratuvarımızda 8-11 fazla 5 yıldır kullanılan ve tarif prosedür rafine var. Jüpiter Video tabanlı biçimde kompleks prosedürü göstermek için özellikle yararlıdırDure ve bağırsak nakli araştıran ortotopik kemirgen modeli kurmak için planlama grupları için ilk tuzaklardan kaçınmak.

Normal postoperatif seyir Nakledilen hayvanların yaklaşık 1 saat için bir ısı lambası altında prosedürü hızla kurtarmak gerekir. Hipotermi postoperatif mortalitenin önemli bir nedenidir ve dikkatle intra-ve postoperatif kaçınılmalıdır. İntraoperatif sıvı kayıpları 2.5 ml serum fizyolojik sc enjeksiyonu artı 2.5 ml Glukoz% 5, ilk 24 saat için her 8 saatte tarafından değiştirilmesi gerekir. Sıçanlarda da postoperatif ilk 24 saat glukoz solüsyonu (veya jel diyet) ve s...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Orthotopic Small Bowel Transplantation in Rats at JoVE.com

Orthotopic Small Bowel Transplantation in Rats

İnce bağırsak transplantasyonu irreversibl bağırsak yetmezliği olan hastalar için kabul edilen bir tedavi seçeneği haline gelmiştir. Sıçanlarda ortotopik ince barsak nakli Bizim deneysel model intestinal transplantasyon komplike yatan immünolojik ve inflamatuvar süreçleri ele güvenilir bir aracı olarak hizmet vermektedir.

Sıçanlarda Ortotopik Küçük Bağırsak Nakli

Small  bowel transplantation has become an accepted clinical option for patients with  short gut syndrome and failure of parenteral nutrition ...

orthotopic-small-bowel-transplantation-in-rats

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

14.1K Görüntüleme.  University of Bonn, Germany. İnce bağırsak transplantasyonu irreversibl bağırsak yetmezliği olan hastalar için kabul edilen bir tedavi seçeneği haline gelmiştir. Sıçanlarda ortotopik ince barsak nakli Bizim deneysel model intestinal transplantasyon komplike yatan immünolojik ve inflamatuvar süreçleri ele güvenilir bir aracı olarak hizmet vermektedir.

Video: Orthotopic Small Bowel Transplantation in Rats

Development of Obliterative Bronchiolitis in a Murine Model of Orthotopic Lung Transplantation

Orthotopic lung transplantation in rats was first reported by Asimacopoulos and colleagues in 1971 1. Currently, this method is well accepted and standardized not only for the study of allo-rejection but also between syngeneic strains for examining mechanisms of ischemia-reperfusion injury after lung transplantation. Although the application of the rat and other large animal model 2 contributed significantly to the elucidation of these studies, the scope of those investigations is limited by the scarcity of knockout and transgenic rats. Due to no effective therapies for obliterative bronchiolitis, the leading cause of death in lung transplant patients, there has been an intensive search for pre-clinical models that replicate obliterative bronchiolitis. The tracheal allograft model is the most widely used and may reproduce some of the histopathologic features of obliterative bronchiolitis 3. However, the lack of an intact vasculature with no connection to the recipient's conducting airways, and incomplete pathologic features of obliterative bronchiolitis limit the utility of this model 4. Unlike transplantation of other solid organs, vascularized mouse lung transplants have only recently been reported by Okazaki and colleagues for the first time in 2007 5. Applying the basic principles of the rat lung transplant, our lab initiated the obliterative bronchiolitis model using minor histoincompatible antigen murine orthotopic single-left lung transplants which allows the further study of obliterative bronchiolitis immunopathogenesis6.

Obliterative bronchiolitis is the key impediment to the long-term survival of lung transplant recipients and the lack of a robust preclinical model precludes examining obliterative bronchiolitis immunopathogenesis. Unlike other solid organ transplants, vascularized mouse lung transplantation has only recently been developed. Here we show our independently developed obliterative bronchiolitis model after murine orthotopic single-lung transplantation.

Ortotopik Akciğer Transplantasyonu bir Mürin Modelinde Obliteratif Bronşiolit Gelişimi

Orthotopic lung transplantation in rats was first reported by Asimacopoulos and colleagues in 1971 1. Currently, this method is well accepted and ...

Tıp

Orthotopic Liver Transplantation in Rats

Clinical progress in the field of liver transplantation has been largely supported by animal models1,2. Since the publication of the first orthotopic rat liver transplantation in 1979 by Kamada et al.3, this model has remained the gold standard despite various proposed alternative techniques4. Nevertheless, its broader use is limited by its steep learning curve5.
In this video paper, we show a simple and easy-to-establish revision of Kamada's two-cuff technique. The suprahepatic vena cava anastomosis is performed manually with a running suture, and the vena porta and infrahepatic vena cava anastomoses are performed utilizing a quick-linker cuff system6. Manufacturing the quick-linker kit is shown in a separate video paper.

We present an easy-to-establish revision of the classical two-cuff technique for orthotopic liver transplantation in rat.

Sıçanlarda Ortotopik Karaciğer Nakli

Clinical progress in the field of liver transplantation has been largely supported by animal models1,2. Since the publication of the first orthotopic rat ...

Orthotopic Aortic Transplantation in Mice for the Study of Vascular Disease

Vascular procedures involving anastomoses in the mouse are generally thought to be difficult and highly dependent on the skill of the individual surgeon. This is largely true, but there are a number of important principles that can reduce the difficulty of these procedures and enhance reproducibility. Orthotopic aortic transplantation is an excellent procedure in which to learn these principles because it involves only two end-to-end anastomoses, but requires good suturing technique and handling of the vessels for consistent success. This procedure begins with the procurement of a length of abdominal aorta from a donor animal, followed by division of the native aorta in the recipient. The procured aorta is then placed between the divided ends of the recipient aorta and sutured into place using end-to-end anastomoses. To accomplish this objective successfully requires a high degree of concentration, good tools, a steady hand, and an appreciation of how easily the vasculature of a mouse can be damaged, resulting in thrombosis. Learning these important principles is what occupies most of the beginner's time when learning microsurgery in small rodents. Throughout this protocol, we refer to these important points. This model can be used to study vascular disease in a variety of different experimental systems1-8. In the context shown here, it is most often used for the study of post-transplant vascular disease, a common long-term complication of solid organ transplantation in which intimal hyperplasia occurs within the allograft. The primary advantage of the model is that it facilitates quantitative morphometric analyses and the transplanted vessel lies contiguous to the endogenous vessel, which can serve as an additional control9. The technique shown here is most often used for mice weighing 18-25 grams. We have accumulated most of our experience using the C57BL/6J, BALB/cJ, and C3H/HeJ strains.

We describe a technique in which a section of the abdominal aorta from a mouse is transplanted orthotopically to just below the renal arteries in an allogeneic or syngeneic recipient. This technique can be useful in studies in which transplantation of large arteries of uniform size is deemed advantageous.

Damar Hastalığı Çalışmaları Farelerde Ortotopik Aort Nakli

Vascular procedures involving anastomoses in the mouse are generally thought to be difficult and highly dependent on the skill of the individual surgeon. ...

Orthotopic Hind Limb Transplantation in the Mouse

In vivo animal model systems, and in particular mouse models, have evolved into powerful and versatile scientific tools indispensable to basic and translational research in the field of transplantation medicine. A vast array of reagents is available exclusively in this setting, including mono- and polyclonal antibodies for both diagnostic and interventional applications. In addition, a vast number of genotyped, inbred, transgenic, and knock out strains allow detailed investigation of the individual contributions of humoral and cellular components to the complex interplay of an immune response and make the mouse the gold standard for immunological research. 
Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) delineates a novel field of transplantation using allografts to replace "like with like" in patients suffering traumatic or congenital tissue loss. This surgical methodological protocol shows the use of a non-suture cuff technique for super-microvascular anastomosis in an orthotopic mouse hind limb transplantation model. The model specifically allows for comparison between established paradigms in solid organ transplantation with a novel form of transplants consisting of various different tissue components. Uniquely, this model allows for the transplantation of a viable vascularized bone marrow compartment and niche that have the potential to exert a beneficial effect on the balance of immune acceptance and rejection. This technique provides a tool to investigate alloantigen recognition and allograft rejection and acceptance, as well as enables the pursuit of functional nerve regeneration studies to further advance this novel field of transplantation.

This novel model for orthotopic hind limb transplantation in the mouse, applying a non-suture cuff technique for super-microvascular anastomosis, provides a powerful tool for in&#160;vivo mechanistic immunological research related to vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA).

Fare Ortotopik Hind Ekstremite nakli

In vivo animal model systems, and in particular mouse models, have evolved into powerful and versatile scientific tools indispensable to basic and ...

A Pre-Clinical Porcine Model of Orthotopic Heart Transplantation

Fifty-years following the first successful report, cardiac transplantation remains the gold-standard treatment for eligible patients with advanced heart failure. Multiple small-animal models of heart transplantation have been used to study the acute and long-term effects of novel therapies. However, few are tested and demonstrated success in clinical trials. It is of critical importance to evaluate new therapies in a clinically relevant large-animal model for efficient and reliable translation of basic studies&#39;&#160;findings. Here, we describe a pre-clinical large-animal (porcine) model of orthotopic heart transplantation that has been firmly established and previously used to investigate novel cardioprotective strategies. This procedure focuses on acute ischemia-reperfusion injury and is a reliable method to investigate novel interventions which have been tested and validated in smaller experimental models, such as the murine model. We demonstrate its usefulness in assessing cardiac performance during the early post-transplantation period and other potential possibilities enabled by the model.

Here, we describe a pre-clinical large-animal (porcine) model of orthotopic heart transplantation that has been firmly established and utilized to investigate novel cardioprotective strategies.

Ortootopik kalp transplantasyonunun klinik öncesi porcine modeli

Fifty-years following the first successful report, cardiac transplantation remains the gold-standard treatment for eligible patients with advanced heart ...

Orthotopic Rat Kidney Transplantation: A Novel and Simplified Surgical Approach

Kidney transplantation offers increased survival rates and improved quality of life for patients with end-stage renal disease, as compared to any type of renal replacement therapy. Over the past few decades, the rat kidney transplantation model has been used to study the immunological phenomena of rejection and tolerance. This model has become an indispensable tool to test new immunomodulatory pharmaceuticals and regimens prior to proceeding with expensive preclinical large animal studies.
This protocol provides a detailed overview of how to reliably perform orthotopic kidney transplantation in rats. This protocol includes three distinctive steps that increase the probability of success: perfusion of the donor kidney by flushing through the portal vein and the use of a cuff system to anastomose the renal veins and ureters, thereby decreasing cold and warm ischemia times. Using this technique, we have achieved survival rates beyond 6 months with normal serum creatinine in animals with syngeneic or tolerant kidney transplants. Depending on the aim of the study, this model can be modified by pre- or posttransplant treatments to study the acute, chronic, cellular, or antibody-mediated rejection. It is a reproducible, reliable, and cost-effective animal model to study different aspects of kidney transplantation.

The purpose of this manuscript and protocol is to explain and demonstrate in detail the surgical procedure of orthotopic kidney transplantation in rats. This method is simplified to achieve the correct perfusion of the donor kidney and shorten the reperfusion time by using the venous and ureteral cuff anastomosis technique.

Ortootopik Rat böbrek nakli: bir roman ve Basitleştirilmiş cerrahi yaklaşım

Kidney transplantation offers increased survival rates and improved quality of life for patients with end-stage renal disease, as compared to any type of ...

Reduced Complications after Arterial Reconnection in a Rat Model of Orthotopic Liver Transplantation

The rat orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) model is a powerful tool to study acute and chronic rejection. However, it is not a complete representation of human liver transplantation due to the absence of arterial reconnection. Described here is a modified transplantation procedure that includes the incorporation of hepatic artery (HA) reconnection, leading to a marked improvement in transplant outcomes. With a mean anhepatic time of 12 min and 14 s, HA reconnection results in improved perfusion of the transplanted liver and an increase in long-term recipient survival from 37.5% to 88.2%. This protocol includes the use of 3D-printed cuffs and holders to connect the portal vein and infrahepatic inferior vena cava. It can be implemented for studying multiple aspects of liver transplantation, from immune response and infection to technical aspects of the procedure. By incorporating a simple and practical method for arterial reconnection using a microvascular technique, this modified rat OLT protocol closely mimics aspects of human liver transplantation and will serve as a valuable and clinically relevant research model.

The goal of this study is to modify the rat orthotopic liver transplant model to better represent human liver transplantation and improve recipient survival. The presented method reestablishes hepatic arterial inflow by connecting the donor liver&#39;s common hepatic artery to the recipient liver&#39;s proper hepatic artery.

Ortotopik Karaciğer Transplantasyonunun Sıçan Modelinde Arteriyel Reconnection Sonrası Azaltılmış Komplikasyonlar

The rat orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) model is a powerful tool to study acute and chronic rejection. However, it is not a complete representation ...

Left Lung Orthotopic Transplantation in a Juvenile Porcine Model for ESLP

Lung transplantation is the gold-standard treatment for end-stage lung disease, with over 4,600 lung transplantations performed worldwide annually. However, lung transplantation is limited by a shortage of available donor organs. As such, there is high waitlist mortality. Ex situ lung perfusion (ESLP) has increased donor lung utilization rates in some centers by 15%-20%. ESLP has been applied as a method to assess and recondition marginal donor lungs and has demonstrated acceptable short- and long-term outcomes following transplantation of extended criteria donor (ECD) lungs. Large animal (in vivo) transplantation models are required to validate ongoing in vitro research findings. Anatomic and physiologic differences between humans and pigs pose significant technical and anesthetic challenges. An easily reproducible transplant model would permit the&#160;in vivo&#160;validation of current ESLP strategies and the preclinical evaluation of various interventions designed to improve donor lung function. This protocol describes a porcine model of orthotopic left lung allotransplantation. This includes anesthetic and surgical techniques, a customized surgical checklist, troubleshooting, modifications, and the benefits and limitations of the approach.

This protocol describes a juvenile porcine model of orthotopic left lung allotransplantation designed for use with ESLP research. Focus is made on anesthetic and surgical techniques, as well as critical steps and troubleshooting.

ESLP için Juvenil Domuz Modelinde Sol Akciğer Ortotopik Transplantasyonu

Lung transplantation is the gold-standard treatment for end-stage lung disease, with over 4,600 lung transplantations performed worldwide annually. ...

A Rat Orthotopic Renal Transplantation Model for Renal Allograft Rejection

Renal allograft rejection limits the long-term survival of patients after renal transplantation. Rat orthotopic renal transplantation is an essential model to investigate the mechanism of renal allograft rejection in pre-clinical studies and could aid in the development of novel approaches to improve the long-term survival of renal allografts. Donor kidney implantation in rat orthotopic renal transplantation is commonly performed by end-to-side anastomosis to recipients' aorta and inferior vena cava. In this model, the donor's kidney was implanted using end-to-end anastomosis to the recipients' renal artery and renal vein. The donor's ureter was anastomosed to the recipient's bladder in an end-to-side 'tunnel' method. This model contributes to better healing of ureter-bladder anastomosis and increases the recipients' survival by avoiding interference with blood supply and venous reflux of the lower body. This model can be used to investigate the mechanisms of acute and chronic immune and pathologic rejection of renal allografts. Here, the study describes the detailed protocols of this orthotopic renal transplantation between rats.

The rat orthotopic renal transplantation model contributes to investigating the mechanism of renal allograft rejection. The current model increases the recipients' survival without interference with blood supply and venous reflux of the lower body using an end-to-end anastomosis of kidney implantation and an end-to-side "tunnel" method of ureter-bladder anastomosis.

Renal Allogreft Rejeksiyonu için Sıçan Ortotopik Böbrek Transplantasyonu Modeli

Renal allograft rejection limits the long-term survival of patients after renal transplantation. Rat orthotopic renal transplantation is an essential ...

Studying Murine Small Bowel Mechanosensing of Luminal Particulates

Gastrointestinal (GI) motility is critical for normal digestion and absorption. In the small bowel, which absorbs nutrients, motility optimizes digestion and absorption. For this reason, some of the motility patterns in the small bowel include segmentation for mixing of luminal contents and peristalsis for their propulsion. Physical properties of luminal contents modulate the patterns of small bowel motility. The mechanical stimulation of GI mechanosensory circuits by transiting luminal contents and underlying gut motility initiate and modulate complex GI motor patterns. Yet, the mechanosensory mechanisms that drive this process remain poorly understood. This is primarily due to a lack of tools to dissect how the small bowel handles materials of different physical properties. To study how the small bowel handles particulates of varying sizes, we have modified an established in vivo method to determine small bowel transit. We gavage live mice with fluorescent liquid or tiny fluorescent beads. After 30 minutes, we dissect out the bowels to image the distribution of fluorescent contents across the entirety of the GI tract. In addition to high-resolution measurements of the geometric center, we use variable size binning and spectral analysis to determine how different materials affect small bowel transit. We have explored how a recently discovered "gut touch" mechanism affects small bowel motility using this approach.

To study how the small bowel handles particulates of varying sizes, we have modified an established in vivo method to determine small bowel transit.

Luminal Partiküllerin Murine İnce Bağırsak Mekanosenizasyonunun İncelenmesi

Gastrointestinal (GI) motility is critical for normal digestion and absorption. In the small bowel, which absorbs nutrients, motility optimizes digestion ...