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Method Article
Lymphocytes are the major players in adaptive immune responses. Here, we present a lymphocyte purification protocol to determine the physiological functions of the desired molecules in lymphocyte activation in vitro and in vivo. The described experimental procedures are suitable for comparing functional capacities between control and genetically modified lymphocytes.
B and T cells, with their extremely diverse antigen-receptor repertoires, have the ability to mount specific immune responses against almost any invading pathogen1,2. Understandably, such intricate abilities are controlled by a large number of molecules involved in various cellular processes to ensure timely and spatially regulated immune responses3. Here, we describe experimental procedures that allow rapid isolation of highly purified murine lymphocytes using magnetic cell sorting technology. The resulting purified lymphocytes can then be subjected to various in vitro or in vivo functional assays, such as the determination of lymphocyte signaling capacity upon stimulation by immunoblotting4 and the investigation of proliferative abilities by 3H-thymidine incorporation or carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) labeling5-7. In addition to comparing the functional capacities of control and genetically modified lymphocytes, we can also determine the T cell stimulatory capacity of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in vivo, as shown in our representative results using transplanted CFSE-labeled OT-I T cells.
Mature lymphocytes generally exist in the resting state if there is no pre-existing infection or inflammation in the individual. Therefore, it is important to retain the naïve status of lymphocytes during the isolation process before performing in vitro or in vivo functional assays. The key to ensuring consistent and reproducible results is to limit any unnecessary manipulation of the cells.
Magnetic cell sorting utilizes antibodies and microbeads to label cells so as to enrich the cell population of interest. With this approach, there are two purification strategies: positive enrichment and negative depletion. Positive enrichment enriches the cell population of interest using an antibody that binds to the target cells. Negative depletion, on the other hand, depletes non-target cells, leaving the cell population of interest. In our lab, we prefer negative depletion to positive enrichment because the binding of antibodies to the target cells could potentially alter cell features and behavior. In fact, many established cell surface markers suitable for the isolation of a particular cell population are also functional receptors.
Magnetic cell sorting not only yields highly pure populations of viable target cells, it is also less time-consuming and avoids the cellular stress induced by high-pressure flow used in fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). By labeling the unwanted cell populations and depleting them using a magnetic separation column, we are able to perform rapid cell isolation without compromising the viability of the target cell population. In this protocol, we demonstrate the use of negative depletion strategies to purify naïve B cells or T cells.
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全てのマウスを交配させ、特定の病原体を含まない条件下で維持し、すべてのマウスプロトコルは、施設内動物管理使用委員会のガイドラインに従って行われています。
緩衝液および試薬の調製
脾臓またはリンパ節からリンパ球懸濁液の2世代
注:マウスの安楽死の前に、実験に必要な全ての試薬および装置を準備して、高い細胞生存率を維持するために、できるだけ早くリンパ球の単一細胞懸濁液を生成することが重要です。
B及びT細胞の3精製
4. CFSE標識および刺激
注:精製細胞は、in vitroでの様々なおよびインビボ機能アッセイにかけることができます。ここでは、APCは5のT細胞刺激能を決定するために、精製されたT細胞を使用します。
5. in vitro刺激
B細胞について | |
刺激 | 最終濃度 |
F(ab ')2ヤギ抗マウスIgM | 0.6から2.4 / mlの |
抗マウスCD40モノクローナル抗体 | 0.5 / mlの |
組み換え体マウスIL-4 | 25 U / mlの |
リポ多糖類 | 0.1 / mlの |
E.から(LPS) 大腸菌血清型055:B5 | |
T細胞のための | |
刺激 | 最終濃度 |
抗CD3(プレートコーティングされました) | 2-10 / mlの |
(50μL/ウェルコーティング用) | |
抗CD28(プレートコーティングされました) | 2 / mlの |
組換えIL-2 | 40 U / mlの |
PDBu(ホルボールエステル) | 5-50 ng / mlで |
A23187(カルシウムイオノフォア) | 250 ng / mlで |
表1: インビトロ培養中のリンパ球を刺激するために使用される刺激の濃度。
6. インビボ刺激
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リンパ球の磁性細胞精製は、ユーザが比較的短い時間で、標的細胞集団を精製することができます。我々の枯渇のプロトコルを用いて、精製した後、94.2%(に72.8%(前の精製)から(組換え活性化遺伝子1(RAG-1)欠損マウスにおけるOT-I)CD8 T細胞の割合を増加させることができました。 図1A)4,5。これらの精製されたリンパ球は、その後、リン?...
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このプロトコルでは、我々は、リンパ器官からのリンパ球を精製するための手順を示します。磁気ビーズ選別を用いた細胞の精製は、実行可能な、高度に精製された標的細胞をもたらす迅速かつ簡単な方法です。
プロトコル内の重要なステップ
細胞生存率および細胞収量
in vitroで造血系細胞の生存率を維持す?...
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The authors have nothing to disclose.
研究は、シンガポール(ACRFのTier1-RG40 / 13およびTier2の-MOE2013-T2-2-038)、教育省によってサポートされています。原稿がObrizusコミュニケーションズからのエイミー・サリバンが編集しました。
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Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
Materials | |||
RPMI 1640 (without L-Glutamine) | Gibco | 31870025 | |
Fetal Bovine Serum | Heat inactivated | ||
L-glutamine | Gibco | 25030024 | |
Penicillin/Streptomycin | Gibco | 15140114 | |
2-mercaptoethanol | Gibco | 21985023 | |
Anti-CD43 magnetic microbeads | Miltenyi Biotec | 130-049-801 | Mix well prior use |
Streptavidin microbeads | Miltenyi Biotec | 130-048-101 | Mix well prior use |
Anti-Annexin V magnetic beads | Miltenyi Biotec | 130-090-201 | Mix well prior use |
MACS LD | Miltenyi Biotec | 130-042-901 | |
96-well U-bottom sterile culture plate | Greiner Bio-one | 650180 | |
96-well F-bottom sterile culture plate | Greiner Bio-one | 655180 | |
100 μm cell strainer mesh | To sterilize using UV radiation prior use | ||
0.2 μm sterile disposable filter units | Nalgene | 567-0020 | Can be substituted with any sterile filter device |
CellTrace Violet | Invitrogen | C34557 | CTV for short; alternative to CFSE |
CellTrace Yellow | Invitrogen | C34567 | CTY for short; alternative to CFSE |
CellTrace Far Red | Invitrogen | C34564 | CTFR for short; alternative to CFSE |
Cell Proliferation Dye eFluor 670 | eBioscience | 65-0840 | CPD670 for short; alternative to CFSE |
PKH26 | Sigma Aldrich | PKH26GL | PKH26, alternative to CFSE |
Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
Chemicals | |||
Dextrose | Sigma Aldrich | G7021 | |
Potassium phosphate monobasic | Sigma Aldrich | P5655 | |
Sodium phosphate dibasic | Sigma Aldrich | S5136 | |
Phenol Red | Sigma Aldrich | P0290 | |
Calcium chloride dihydrate | Sigma Aldrich | C7902 | |
Potassium chloride | Sigma Aldrich | P5405 | |
Sodium chloride | Merck Millipore | S7653 | Can use from other sources |
Magnesium chloride hexahydrate | Sigma Aldrich | M2393 | |
Magnesium sulfate | Sigma Aldrich | M2643 | |
Ammonium chloride | Sigma Aldrich | A9434 | |
Tris-base | |||
Dimethyl Sulfoxide | Sigma Aldrich | D8418 | |
(5-(and 6-) carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) | Molecular Probes | C-1157 | Reconstitute in DMSO |
Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PBDU, Phorbol ester) | Sigma Aldrich | P1269 | |
A23187 (Calcium ionophore) | Sigma Aldrich | C7522 | |
Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
Antibodies and recombinant protein | |||
CD11b biotin (clone m1/70) | Biolegend | 101204 | T cell depletion cocktail |
CD11c biotin (clone N418) | Biolegend | 117304 | T cell depletion cocktail |
Gr-1 biotin (clone RB6-8C5) | Biolegend | 108404 | T cell depletion cocktail |
Ter119 biotin (clone Ter119) | Biolegend | 116204 | T cell depletion cocktail |
TCR-γδ biotin (clone GL-3) | Biolegend | 118103 | T cell depletion cocktail |
CD19 biotin (clone 6D5) | Biolegend | 115504 | T cell depletion cocktail |
B220 biotin (clone RA3-6B2) | Biolegend | 103204 | T cell depletion cocktail |
CD49b biotin (clone DX5) | Biolegend | 108904 | T cell depletion cocktail |
CD4 biotin (clone GK1.5) | Biolegend | 100404 | T cell depletion cocktail |
CD8 biotin (clone 53-6.7) | Biolegend | 100704 | T cell depletion cocktail |
F(ab’)2 goat anti-mouse IgM (plate coated) | Jackson ImmunoResearch | 115-006-075 | 50 µl/well for coating (96-well) |
Anti-mouse CD40 mAb (plate coated) | Pharmingen | 553722 | 50 µl/well for coating (96-well) |
Recombinant IL-4 | ProSpec | Cyt-282 | |
LPS from E. coli Serotype 055:B5 | Sigma Aldrich | L-4005 | |
Anti-CD3 (clone clone OKT3) (plate coated) | eBioscience | 16-0037-85 | 50 µl/well for coating (96-well) |
Anti-CD28 (clone clone 37.51) (plate coated) | eBioscience | 16-0281-85 | 50 µl/well for coating (96-well) |
Recombinant IL-2 | ProSpec | Cyt-370 | |
Albumin from chicken egg white, Ovalbumin | Sigma Aldrich | A7641 |
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