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Method Article
Lymphocytes are the major players in adaptive immune responses. Here, we present a lymphocyte purification protocol to determine the physiological functions of the desired molecules in lymphocyte activation in vitro and in vivo. The described experimental procedures are suitable for comparing functional capacities between control and genetically modified lymphocytes.
B and T cells, with their extremely diverse antigen-receptor repertoires, have the ability to mount specific immune responses against almost any invading pathogen1,2. Understandably, such intricate abilities are controlled by a large number of molecules involved in various cellular processes to ensure timely and spatially regulated immune responses3. Here, we describe experimental procedures that allow rapid isolation of highly purified murine lymphocytes using magnetic cell sorting technology. The resulting purified lymphocytes can then be subjected to various in vitro or in vivo functional assays, such as the determination of lymphocyte signaling capacity upon stimulation by immunoblotting4 and the investigation of proliferative abilities by 3H-thymidine incorporation or carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) labeling5-7. In addition to comparing the functional capacities of control and genetically modified lymphocytes, we can also determine the T cell stimulatory capacity of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in vivo, as shown in our representative results using transplanted CFSE-labeled OT-I T cells.
Mature lymphocytes generally exist in the resting state if there is no pre-existing infection or inflammation in the individual. Therefore, it is important to retain the naïve status of lymphocytes during the isolation process before performing in vitro or in vivo functional assays. The key to ensuring consistent and reproducible results is to limit any unnecessary manipulation of the cells.
Magnetic cell sorting utilizes antibodies and microbeads to label cells so as to enrich the cell population of interest. With this approach, there are two purification strategies: positive enrichment and negative depletion. Positive enrichment enriches the cell population of interest using an antibody that binds to the target cells. Negative depletion, on the other hand, depletes non-target cells, leaving the cell population of interest. In our lab, we prefer negative depletion to positive enrichment because the binding of antibodies to the target cells could potentially alter cell features and behavior. In fact, many established cell surface markers suitable for the isolation of a particular cell population are also functional receptors.
Magnetic cell sorting not only yields highly pure populations of viable target cells, it is also less time-consuming and avoids the cellular stress induced by high-pressure flow used in fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). By labeling the unwanted cell populations and depleting them using a magnetic separation column, we are able to perform rapid cell isolation without compromising the viability of the target cell population. In this protocol, we demonstrate the use of negative depletion strategies to purify naïve B cells or T cells.
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Todos os ratos são criados e mantidos sob condições específicas livres de patógenos e todos os protocolos do mouse são conduzidos de acordo com as diretrizes da Comissão Cuidado e Uso Institucional Animal.
1. Preparação de Tampões e reagentes
2. Geração de Linfócitos suspensão de baço ou gânglios linfáticos
NOTA: É importante para preparar todos os reagentes e equipamentos necessários para a experiência antes da eutanásia do rato e para gerar suspensões de células únicas de linfócitos tão rapidamente quanto possível para manter as viabilidades celulares elevadas.
3. Purificação de células B e T
4. CFSE Labeling e Estimulação
NOTA: Purificado células podem ser submetidas a uma variedade de ensaios in vitro e em ensaios funcionais in vivo. Aqui, utilizamos células T purificadas para determinar a capacidade de estimulação de célula T de APCs 5.
5. estimulação in vitro Em
Para as células B | |
estímulos | A concentração final |
F (ab ') 2 de cabra anti-IgM de ratinho | 0,6-2,4 ug / ml |
Anti-ratinho CD40 mAb | 0,5-2 ug / ml |
recombinanterato IL-4 | 25 U / ml |
lipopolissacarídeo | 0,1-10 ug / ml |
(LPS) de E. coli serotipo 055: B5 | |
Para as células T | |
estímulos | A concentração final |
Anti-CD3 (placa revestida) | 2-10 ug / ml |
(50 ul / poço para o revestimento) | |
Anti-CD28 (placa revestida) | 2 ug / mL |
IL-2 recombinante | 40 U / ml |
PDBu (éster de forbol) | 5-50 ng / ml |
A23187 (ionóforo de cálcio) | 250 ng / mL |
Quadro 1: Concentrações de estímulos utilizados para estimular os linfócitos em cultura in vitro.
6. Promoção Vivo Em
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purificação magnética de células de linfócitos permite que os utilizadores para purificar uma população de células alvo num período relativamente curto de tempo. Utilizando o nosso protocolo de esgotamento, que foram capazes de aumentar a percentagem de células T CD8 (OT-I em recombinação-activação do gene-1 (RAG-1) -deficient ratinhos) a partir de 72,8% (antes da purificação) a 94,2% (após purificação; Figura 1A) 4,5. Estes linfócitos puri...
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Neste protocolo, demonstramos um procedimento para a purificação de linfócitos de órgãos linfóides. purificação celular utilizando esférulas magnéticas triagem é um método rápido e simples que produz células alvo viáveis, altamente purificados.
Passos críticos dentro do Protocolo
A viabilidade celular e rendimento celular
Mantendo a viabilidade das células de linhagem hematopoiéticas in vitro ...
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The authors have nothing to disclose.
O estudo é apoiado pelo Ministério da Educação, Singapore (ACRF Tier1-RG40 / 13 e Tier2-MOE2013-T2-2-038). O manuscrito foi editado por Amy Sullivan de Obrizus Communications.
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Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
Materials | |||
RPMI 1640 (without L-Glutamine) | Gibco | 31870025 | |
Fetal Bovine Serum | Heat inactivated | ||
L-glutamine | Gibco | 25030024 | |
Penicillin/Streptomycin | Gibco | 15140114 | |
2-mercaptoethanol | Gibco | 21985023 | |
Anti-CD43 magnetic microbeads | Miltenyi Biotec | 130-049-801 | Mix well prior use |
Streptavidin microbeads | Miltenyi Biotec | 130-048-101 | Mix well prior use |
Anti-Annexin V magnetic beads | Miltenyi Biotec | 130-090-201 | Mix well prior use |
MACS LD | Miltenyi Biotec | 130-042-901 | |
96-well U-bottom sterile culture plate | Greiner Bio-one | 650180 | |
96-well F-bottom sterile culture plate | Greiner Bio-one | 655180 | |
100 μm cell strainer mesh | To sterilize using UV radiation prior use | ||
0.2 μm sterile disposable filter units | Nalgene | 567-0020 | Can be substituted with any sterile filter device |
CellTrace Violet | Invitrogen | C34557 | CTV for short; alternative to CFSE |
CellTrace Yellow | Invitrogen | C34567 | CTY for short; alternative to CFSE |
CellTrace Far Red | Invitrogen | C34564 | CTFR for short; alternative to CFSE |
Cell Proliferation Dye eFluor 670 | eBioscience | 65-0840 | CPD670 for short; alternative to CFSE |
PKH26 | Sigma Aldrich | PKH26GL | PKH26, alternative to CFSE |
Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
Chemicals | |||
Dextrose | Sigma Aldrich | G7021 | |
Potassium phosphate monobasic | Sigma Aldrich | P5655 | |
Sodium phosphate dibasic | Sigma Aldrich | S5136 | |
Phenol Red | Sigma Aldrich | P0290 | |
Calcium chloride dihydrate | Sigma Aldrich | C7902 | |
Potassium chloride | Sigma Aldrich | P5405 | |
Sodium chloride | Merck Millipore | S7653 | Can use from other sources |
Magnesium chloride hexahydrate | Sigma Aldrich | M2393 | |
Magnesium sulfate | Sigma Aldrich | M2643 | |
Ammonium chloride | Sigma Aldrich | A9434 | |
Tris-base | |||
Dimethyl Sulfoxide | Sigma Aldrich | D8418 | |
(5-(and 6-) carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) | Molecular Probes | C-1157 | Reconstitute in DMSO |
Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PBDU, Phorbol ester) | Sigma Aldrich | P1269 | |
A23187 (Calcium ionophore) | Sigma Aldrich | C7522 | |
Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
Antibodies and recombinant protein | |||
CD11b biotin (clone m1/70) | Biolegend | 101204 | T cell depletion cocktail |
CD11c biotin (clone N418) | Biolegend | 117304 | T cell depletion cocktail |
Gr-1 biotin (clone RB6-8C5) | Biolegend | 108404 | T cell depletion cocktail |
Ter119 biotin (clone Ter119) | Biolegend | 116204 | T cell depletion cocktail |
TCR-γδ biotin (clone GL-3) | Biolegend | 118103 | T cell depletion cocktail |
CD19 biotin (clone 6D5) | Biolegend | 115504 | T cell depletion cocktail |
B220 biotin (clone RA3-6B2) | Biolegend | 103204 | T cell depletion cocktail |
CD49b biotin (clone DX5) | Biolegend | 108904 | T cell depletion cocktail |
CD4 biotin (clone GK1.5) | Biolegend | 100404 | T cell depletion cocktail |
CD8 biotin (clone 53-6.7) | Biolegend | 100704 | T cell depletion cocktail |
F(ab’)2 goat anti-mouse IgM (plate coated) | Jackson ImmunoResearch | 115-006-075 | 50 µl/well for coating (96-well) |
Anti-mouse CD40 mAb (plate coated) | Pharmingen | 553722 | 50 µl/well for coating (96-well) |
Recombinant IL-4 | ProSpec | Cyt-282 | |
LPS from E. coli Serotype 055:B5 | Sigma Aldrich | L-4005 | |
Anti-CD3 (clone clone OKT3) (plate coated) | eBioscience | 16-0037-85 | 50 µl/well for coating (96-well) |
Anti-CD28 (clone clone 37.51) (plate coated) | eBioscience | 16-0281-85 | 50 µl/well for coating (96-well) |
Recombinant IL-2 | ProSpec | Cyt-370 | |
Albumin from chicken egg white, Ovalbumin | Sigma Aldrich | A7641 |
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