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Method Article
Lymphocytes are the major players in adaptive immune responses. Here, we present a lymphocyte purification protocol to determine the physiological functions of the desired molecules in lymphocyte activation in vitro and in vivo. The described experimental procedures are suitable for comparing functional capacities between control and genetically modified lymphocytes.
B and T cells, with their extremely diverse antigen-receptor repertoires, have the ability to mount specific immune responses against almost any invading pathogen1,2. Understandably, such intricate abilities are controlled by a large number of molecules involved in various cellular processes to ensure timely and spatially regulated immune responses3. Here, we describe experimental procedures that allow rapid isolation of highly purified murine lymphocytes using magnetic cell sorting technology. The resulting purified lymphocytes can then be subjected to various in vitro or in vivo functional assays, such as the determination of lymphocyte signaling capacity upon stimulation by immunoblotting4 and the investigation of proliferative abilities by 3H-thymidine incorporation or carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) labeling5-7. In addition to comparing the functional capacities of control and genetically modified lymphocytes, we can also determine the T cell stimulatory capacity of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in vivo, as shown in our representative results using transplanted CFSE-labeled OT-I T cells.
Mature lymphocytes generally exist in the resting state if there is no pre-existing infection or inflammation in the individual. Therefore, it is important to retain the naïve status of lymphocytes during the isolation process before performing in vitro or in vivo functional assays. The key to ensuring consistent and reproducible results is to limit any unnecessary manipulation of the cells.
Magnetic cell sorting utilizes antibodies and microbeads to label cells so as to enrich the cell population of interest. With this approach, there are two purification strategies: positive enrichment and negative depletion. Positive enrichment enriches the cell population of interest using an antibody that binds to the target cells. Negative depletion, on the other hand, depletes non-target cells, leaving the cell population of interest. In our lab, we prefer negative depletion to positive enrichment because the binding of antibodies to the target cells could potentially alter cell features and behavior. In fact, many established cell surface markers suitable for the isolation of a particular cell population are also functional receptors.
Magnetic cell sorting not only yields highly pure populations of viable target cells, it is also less time-consuming and avoids the cellular stress induced by high-pressure flow used in fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). By labeling the unwanted cell populations and depleting them using a magnetic separation column, we are able to perform rapid cell isolation without compromising the viability of the target cell population. In this protocol, we demonstrate the use of negative depletion strategies to purify naïve B cells or T cells.
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Alle Mäuse gezüchtet und unter spezifischen pathogenfreien Bedingungen und alle Maus-Protokolle werden in Übereinstimmung mit den Richtlinien der Institutional Animal Care und Use Committee geführt gehalten.
1. Herstellung von Puffer und Reagenzien
2. Erzeugung von Lymphozytensuspension aus Milz oder Lymphknoten
Hinweis: Es ist wichtig, dass alle Reagenzien und Geräte für das Experiment vor Maus Euthanasie und zur Erzeugung Einzelzellsuspensionen von Lymphozyten so schnell wie möglich zu halten hohe Zellviabilitäten erforderlich vorzubereiten.
3. Reinigung von B und T-Zellen
4. CFSE Labeling und Stimulation
HINWEIS: Gereinigte Zellen können auf eine Vielzahl von in vitro und in vivo funktionellen Assays unterzogen werden. Hier verwenden wir gereinigten T - Zellen , die T - Zell - Stimulation Fähigkeit von APCs 5 zu bestimmen.
5. In - vitro - Stimulation
Für B - Zellen | |
Stimuli | Die Endkonzentration |
F (ab ') 2 Ziegen-anti-Maus-IgM | 0,6-2,4 & mgr; g / ml |
Anti-Maus-CD40 mAb | 0,5-2 & mgr; g / ml |
RekombinanteMaus-IL-4 | 25 U / ml |
Lipopolysaccharide | 0,1-10 & mgr; g / ml |
(LPS) aus E. coli Serotyp 055: B5 | |
Für T - Zellen | |
Stimuli | Die Endkonzentration |
Anti-CD3 (Platte beschichtet) | 2-10 & mgr; g / ml |
(50 & mgr; l / Vertiefung für die Beschichtung) | |
Anti-CD28 (Platte beschichtet) | 2 & mgr; g / ml |
Rekombinantes IL-2 | 40 U / ml |
PDBu (Phorbol ester) | 5-50 ng / ml |
A23187 (Calciumionophor) | 250 ng / ml |
Tabelle 1: Die Konzentrationen von Stimuli Lymphozyten in in - vitro - Kultur zu stimulieren.
6. In - vivo - Stimulation
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Magnetzellreinigung von Lymphozyten erlaubt Benutzern, eine Zielzellpopulation in einer relativ kurzen Zeit zu reinigen. Mit unserem Verarmungs Protokoll konnten wir den Prozentsatz der CD8-T-Zellen (OT-I in Rekombinations-aktivierendes Gen-1 (RAG-1) -defiziente Mäuse) von 72,8% (vor Reinigung) auf 94,2% (nach der Reinigung zu erhöhen; 1A) 4,5. Diese gereinigten Lymphozyten können dann für die nachfolgende funktionelle Assays verwendet werden , um die Lymp...
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In diesem Protokoll zeigen wir ein Verfahren für die Lymphozyten aus lymphoiden Organen zu reinigen. Zellreinigung magnetischen Kügelchen Sortieranlage verwendet, ist eine schnelle und einfache Methode, die lebensfähige, hochgereinigten Zielzellen ergibt.
Kritische Schritte im Rahmen des Protokolls
Die Lebensfähigkeit der Zellen und Zellausbeute
Die Aufrechterhaltung Lebensfähigkeit von hämatopoet...
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The authors have nothing to disclose.
Die Studie wird durch das Ministerium für Bildung, Singapur (ACRF Tier1-RG40 / 13 und Tier2-MOE2013-T2-2-038) unterstützt. Das Manuskript wurde von Amy Sullivan aus Obrizus Kommunikation bearbeitet.
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Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
Materials | |||
RPMI 1640 (without L-Glutamine) | Gibco | 31870025 | |
Fetal Bovine Serum | Heat inactivated | ||
L-glutamine | Gibco | 25030024 | |
Penicillin/Streptomycin | Gibco | 15140114 | |
2-mercaptoethanol | Gibco | 21985023 | |
Anti-CD43 magnetic microbeads | Miltenyi Biotec | 130-049-801 | Mix well prior use |
Streptavidin microbeads | Miltenyi Biotec | 130-048-101 | Mix well prior use |
Anti-Annexin V magnetic beads | Miltenyi Biotec | 130-090-201 | Mix well prior use |
MACS LD | Miltenyi Biotec | 130-042-901 | |
96-well U-bottom sterile culture plate | Greiner Bio-one | 650180 | |
96-well F-bottom sterile culture plate | Greiner Bio-one | 655180 | |
100 μm cell strainer mesh | To sterilize using UV radiation prior use | ||
0.2 μm sterile disposable filter units | Nalgene | 567-0020 | Can be substituted with any sterile filter device |
CellTrace Violet | Invitrogen | C34557 | CTV for short; alternative to CFSE |
CellTrace Yellow | Invitrogen | C34567 | CTY for short; alternative to CFSE |
CellTrace Far Red | Invitrogen | C34564 | CTFR for short; alternative to CFSE |
Cell Proliferation Dye eFluor 670 | eBioscience | 65-0840 | CPD670 for short; alternative to CFSE |
PKH26 | Sigma Aldrich | PKH26GL | PKH26, alternative to CFSE |
Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
Chemicals | |||
Dextrose | Sigma Aldrich | G7021 | |
Potassium phosphate monobasic | Sigma Aldrich | P5655 | |
Sodium phosphate dibasic | Sigma Aldrich | S5136 | |
Phenol Red | Sigma Aldrich | P0290 | |
Calcium chloride dihydrate | Sigma Aldrich | C7902 | |
Potassium chloride | Sigma Aldrich | P5405 | |
Sodium chloride | Merck Millipore | S7653 | Can use from other sources |
Magnesium chloride hexahydrate | Sigma Aldrich | M2393 | |
Magnesium sulfate | Sigma Aldrich | M2643 | |
Ammonium chloride | Sigma Aldrich | A9434 | |
Tris-base | |||
Dimethyl Sulfoxide | Sigma Aldrich | D8418 | |
(5-(and 6-) carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) | Molecular Probes | C-1157 | Reconstitute in DMSO |
Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PBDU, Phorbol ester) | Sigma Aldrich | P1269 | |
A23187 (Calcium ionophore) | Sigma Aldrich | C7522 | |
Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
Antibodies and recombinant protein | |||
CD11b biotin (clone m1/70) | Biolegend | 101204 | T cell depletion cocktail |
CD11c biotin (clone N418) | Biolegend | 117304 | T cell depletion cocktail |
Gr-1 biotin (clone RB6-8C5) | Biolegend | 108404 | T cell depletion cocktail |
Ter119 biotin (clone Ter119) | Biolegend | 116204 | T cell depletion cocktail |
TCR-γδ biotin (clone GL-3) | Biolegend | 118103 | T cell depletion cocktail |
CD19 biotin (clone 6D5) | Biolegend | 115504 | T cell depletion cocktail |
B220 biotin (clone RA3-6B2) | Biolegend | 103204 | T cell depletion cocktail |
CD49b biotin (clone DX5) | Biolegend | 108904 | T cell depletion cocktail |
CD4 biotin (clone GK1.5) | Biolegend | 100404 | T cell depletion cocktail |
CD8 biotin (clone 53-6.7) | Biolegend | 100704 | T cell depletion cocktail |
F(ab’)2 goat anti-mouse IgM (plate coated) | Jackson ImmunoResearch | 115-006-075 | 50 µl/well for coating (96-well) |
Anti-mouse CD40 mAb (plate coated) | Pharmingen | 553722 | 50 µl/well for coating (96-well) |
Recombinant IL-4 | ProSpec | Cyt-282 | |
LPS from E. coli Serotype 055:B5 | Sigma Aldrich | L-4005 | |
Anti-CD3 (clone clone OKT3) (plate coated) | eBioscience | 16-0037-85 | 50 µl/well for coating (96-well) |
Anti-CD28 (clone clone 37.51) (plate coated) | eBioscience | 16-0281-85 | 50 µl/well for coating (96-well) |
Recombinant IL-2 | ProSpec | Cyt-370 | |
Albumin from chicken egg white, Ovalbumin | Sigma Aldrich | A7641 |
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