Laparoscopic Left Lateral Sectionectomy: Guided by the Ligamentum Teres Hepatis and the Umbilical Fissure Vein

Summary

Laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy guided by the ligamentum teres hepatis and umbilical fissure vein effectively controls intraoperative bleeding even without controlled low central venous pressure and prevents loss of direction during parenchymal dissection.

Abstract

Laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy (LLLS), a mainstream procedure in liver surgery, often utilizes controlled low central venous pressure (CLCVP) to reduce bleeding in the hepatic venous system. However, anesthesiologists may avoid the use of CLCVP in patients with concurrent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases to prioritize the maintenance of vital organ perfusion. In this report, we present an LLLS guided by the ligamentum teres hepatis (LTH) for dissection of the Glissonian pedicles for segments 2/3 outside the liver, followed by hepatic parenchymal dissection along the falciform ligament and umbilical fissure vein (UFV) while approaching the left hepatic vein root. Guided by LTH and UFV, this LLLS procedure effectively controlled intraoperative bleeding, even in the absence of CLCVP. Additionally, hepatectomy guided by extrahepatic and intrahepatic anatomical landmarks prevents loss of direction during liver dissection and ensures precise hepatic resection. These attributes suggest that the potential benefits extend beyond patients with cardiovascular or cerebrovascular conditions, making it applicable in a wide range of LLLS cases.

Introduction

Laparoscopic techniques are extensively used in liver surgery and are considered safe and effective. Compared with open surgery, laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy (LLLS) offers several advantages, including a reduced overall complication rate, shorter postoperative hospitalization, and decreased blood loss¹. In the traditional LLLS procedure, the parenchyma is dissected using a harmonic scalpel, starting on the upper liver surface, proceeding from front to back, taking layers 2-3 mm deep ventral and dorsal to the level of the LHV, followed by direct dissection of the left outer lobe hepatic hilum with a staple². Th....

Protocol

The protocol follows the guidelines of the Human Research Ethics Committee of Nanchong Central Hospital.

1. Pre-operative workup

1. Perform MRI scanning to confirm the diagnosis and assess the extent of the lesion, bile duct, and vascular anatomy. Perform a magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography imaging scan on a 3.0 T MRI unit using T2 weighted image thick single-shot fast spin echo/turbo spin echo and fast acquisition relaxation enhancement sequences (T.......

Discussion

Management of intraoperative bleeding remains a crucial challenge in laparoscopic hepatectomy. To address this issue, Pringle's maneuver and the CLCVP technique are commonly employed to control hepatic blood flow¹⁰. However, not all patients are suitable candidates for CLCVP, particularly those with concurrent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

In this study, we present our experience with laparoscopic hepatectomy in patients with comorbid cerebrovascular .......

Materials

Name	Company	Catalog Number	Comments
30° high-definition laparoscopic device	KARL STORZ,Germany	26606BCA/ACA	New 3D Electronic Laparoscope
Bipolar electrocoagulation	KANGJI, China	KJ-XRH05Q	Electrocoagulation for hemostasis
Ceftazidime	Zhejiang Jutai Pharmaceutical Co.,China	(China) Drug Administration Code (DAC)H20033369	usage: 1.0 g, intravenous drip
Computed Tomography (CT)	Siemens, Germany	SOMATOM Force	Force is a 96-row dual-source CT scanner that revolutionizes a series of imaging chains including the tube, high-voltage generator, detector, data acquisition system, and reconstruction system, opening up a new era of CT imaging and achieving faster, wider, thinner, more capable, and lower radiation dose.
Echelon Flex Endopath Stapler	Ethicon	EC60A	Manual stapler that compresses tissue while it simultaneously lays down a staple line and transects the tissue, 60 mm Stapler (Standard), Size 60 mm, Length 34 cm
Harmonic ACE+7 Shears	Ethicon	HARH36	Curved tip, energy sealing and dissecting, diameter 5 mm, length 36 cm
Hem-o-lok Clips L	Weck Surgical Instruments, Teleflex Medical, Durham, NC	544240	Vascular clip 5–13 mm Size Range
Hem-o-lok Clips ML	Weck Surgical Instruments, Teleflex Medical, Durham, NC	544230	Vascular clip 3–10 mm Size Range
Indocyanine Green(ICG)	Dandong Medical Creation Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	H20055881	25 mg/vial, Detecting liver reserve function
Liver function reserve analyzer	Shanghai Optoelectronic Medical Electronic Instruments Co., Ltd	DDG3300K	A medical instrument that detects and analyzes indocyanine green (ICG) injected into the body based on spectroscopic analysis techniques.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)	GE company,American	Signa Hoxt 3.0T MRI,JB00988XC	provides 360-degrees of coil coverage, RF technology, and a direct digital interface with more channels. Patient-friendly design maximizes comfort and system utility, accommodating all types of patients and sizes with feet-first imaging.