Name: ultrasonic-augmented primary adult fibroblast isolation
Uploaded: 2019-07-29T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Ultrasonic-augmented Primary Adult Fibroblast Isolation at JoVE.com

We thank Ms. Romy Kempe and Mrs. Annett Opitz for expert technical support. We also thank Mr. Bjoern Binnewerg for IT support. This work was supported by grants from a) the F&#246;rderkreis Dresdner Herz-Kreislauf-Tage e.V., b) &#34;Habilitationsf&#246;rderprogramm f&#252;r Frauen&#34;, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden and c) Else Kr&#246;ner-Forschungskolleg (EKFK) Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden. We are grateful for the funding and the support.

The following protocol follows the institutional animal care guidelines of Technische Universit&#228;t Dresden, Germany (File number: T 2014/4) as well as internationally accepted animal care guidelines (FELASA)17. Figure 1 visualizes the cell isolation process.
1. Preparing the setup, material and media
<ol>
	<li>Prepare cell culture medium, PBS solution, collagenase blend stock solution (reconstitute 50 mg of lyophilized collagenase ble...

<ol>
	<li>Baum, J., Duffy, H. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fibroblasts+and+myofibroblasts:+what+are+we+talking+about.">Fibroblasts and myofibroblasts: what are we talking about.</a> Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. 57 (4), 376-379 (2011).</li><li>Tallquist, M. D., Molkentin, J. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Redefining+the+identity+of+cardiac+fibroblasts.">Redefining the identity of cardiac fibroblasts.</a> Nature Reviews. Cardiology. 14 (8), 484-491 (2017).</li><li>Weissman-Shomer, P., Fry, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chick+embryo+fibroblasts+senscence+in+vitro:+pattern+of+cell+division+and+life+span+as+a+function+of+cell+density.">Chick embryo fibroblasts senscence in vitro: pattern of cell division and life span as a function of cell density.</a> Mechanisms of Ageing and Development. 4 (2), 159-166 (1975).</li><li>Angello, J. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Replicative+potential+and+the+duration+of+the+cell+cycle+in+human+fibroblasts:+coordinate+stimulation+by+epidermal+growth+factor.">Replicative potential and the duration of the cell cycle in human fibroblasts: coordinate stimulation by epidermal growth factor.</a> Mechanisms of Ageing and Development. 62 (1), 1-12 (1992).</li><li>Serra, V., von Zglinicki, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+fibroblasts+in+vitro+senesce+with+a+donor-specific+telomere+length.">Human fibroblasts in vitro senesce with a donor-specific telomere length.</a> FEBS Letters. 516 (1), 71-74 (2002).</li><li>Mateu, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Functional+differences+between+neonatal+and+adult+fibroblasts+and+keratinocytes:+Donor+age+affects+epithelial-mesenchymal+crosstalk+in+vitro.">Functional differences between neonatal and adult fibroblasts and keratinocytes: Donor age affects epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk in vitro.</a> International Journal of Molecular Medicine. 38 (4), 1063-1074 (2016).</li><li>Ivey, M. J., Tallquist, M. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Defining+the+Cardiac+Fibroblast.">Defining the Cardiac Fibroblast.</a> Circulation Journal: Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society. 80 (11), 2269-2276 (2016).</li><li>Kanisicak, O., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Genetic+lineage+tracing+defines+myofibroblast+origin+and+function+in+the+injured+heart.">Genetic lineage tracing defines myofibroblast origin and function in the injured heart.</a> Nature Communications. 7, 12260 (2016).</li><li>Kuenzel, S. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hypoxia-induced+epigenetic+silencing+of+polo-like+kinase+2+promotes+fibrosis+in+atrial+fibrillation.">Hypoxia-induced epigenetic silencing of polo-like kinase 2 promotes fibrosis in atrial fibrillation.</a> bioRxiv. , 445098 (2018).</li><li>Van Linthout, S., Miteva, K., Tsch&#246;pe, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Crosstalk+between+fibroblasts+and+inflammatory+cells.">Crosstalk between fibroblasts and inflammatory cells.</a> Cardiovascular Research. 102 (2), 258-269 (2014).</li><li>Kalluri, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+biology+and+function+of+fibroblasts+in+cancer.">The biology and function of fibroblasts in cancer.</a> Nature Reviews Cancer. 16 (9), 582-598 (2016).</li><li>Poulet, C., K&#252;nzel, S., B&#252;ttner, E., Lindner, D., Westermann, D., Ravens, U. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Altered+physiological+functions+and+ion+currents+in+atrial+fibroblasts+from+patients+with+chronic+atrial+fibrillation.">Altered physiological functions and ion currents in atrial fibroblasts from patients with chronic atrial fibrillation.</a> Physiological Reports. 4 (2), (2016).</li><li>G&#252;nd&#252;z, D., Hamm, C. W., Aslam, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simultaneous+Isolation+of+High+Quality+Cardiomyocytes,+Endothelial+Cells,+and+Fibroblasts+from+an+Adult+Rat+Heart.">Simultaneous Isolation of High Quality Cardiomyocytes, Endothelial Cells, and Fibroblasts from an Adult Rat Heart.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments. (123), e55601 (2017).</li><li>Weldrick, J. J., Abdul-Ghani, M., Megeney, L. A., Burgon, P. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+rapid+and+efficient+method+for+the+isolation+of+postnatal+murine+cardiac+myocyte+and+fibroblast+cells.">A rapid and efficient method for the isolation of postnatal murine cardiac myocyte and fibroblast cells.</a> Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. 96 (5), 535-539 (2018).</li><li>Wang, H., Van Blitterswijk, C. A., Bertrand-De Haas, M., Schuurman, A. H., Lamme, E. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Improved+enzymatic+isolation+of+fibroblasts+for+the+creation+of+autologous+skin+substitutes.">Improved enzymatic isolation of fibroblasts for the creation of autologous skin substitutes.</a> In Vitro Cellular &amp; Developmental Biology. Animal. 40 (8-9), 268-277 (2004).</li><li>El-Armouche, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Phosphatase+inhibitor-1-deficient+mice+are+protected+from+catecholamine-induced+arrhythmias+and+myocardial+hypertrophy.">Phosphatase inhibitor-1-deficient mice are protected from catecholamine-induced arrhythmias and myocardial hypertrophy.</a> Cardiovascular Research. 80 (3), 396-406 (2008).</li><li>Guillen, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=FELASA+Guidelines+and+Recommendations.">FELASA Guidelines and Recommendations.</a> Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science. 51 (3), 311-321 (2012).</li><li>Seluanov, A., Vaidya, A., Gorbunova, V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Establishing+primary+adult+fibroblast+cultures+from+rodents.">Establishing primary adult fibroblast cultures from rodents.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments. (44), 2033 (2010).</li><li>Masur, S. K., Dewal, H. S., Dinh, T. T., Erenburg, I., Petridou, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Myofibroblasts+differentiate+from+fibroblasts+when+plated+at+low+density.">Myofibroblasts differentiate from fibroblasts when plated at low density.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 93 (9), 4219-4223 (1996).</li><li>Rohr, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cardiac+fibroblasts+in+cell+culture+systems:+myofibroblasts+all+along.">Cardiac fibroblasts in cell culture systems: myofibroblasts all along.</a> Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. 57 (4), 389-399 (2011).</li><li>Cell lines: Valuable tools or useless artifacts. PubMed - NCBI Available from: <a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22553484">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22553484</a> (2019)</li><li>Copp&#233;, J. P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Senescence-associated+secretory+phenotypes+reveal+cell-nonautonomous+functions+of+oncogenic+RAS+and+the+p53+tumor+suppressor.">Senescence-associated secretory phenotypes reveal cell-nonautonomous functions of oncogenic RAS and the p53 tumor suppressor.</a> PLoS biology. 6 (12), 2853-2868 (2008).</li><li>Childs, B. G., Durik, M., Baker, D. J., van Deursen, J. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cellular+senescence+in+aging+and+age-related+disease:+from+mechanisms+to+therapy.">Cellular senescence in aging and age-related disease: from mechanisms to therapy.</a> Nature Medicine. 21 (12), 1424-1435 (2015).</li><li>Singh, M., Sharma, A. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Outgrowth+of+fibroblast+cells+from+goat+skin+explants+in+three+different+culture+media+and+the+establishment+of+cell+lines.">Outgrowth of fibroblast cells from goat skin explants in three different culture media and the establishment of cell lines.</a> In Vitro Cellular &amp; Developmental Biology. Animal. 47 (2), 83-88 (2011).</li><li>Linge, C., Green, M. R., Brooks, R. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+method+for+removal+of+fibroblasts+from+human+tissue+culture+systems.">A method for removal of fibroblasts from human tissue culture systems.</a> Experimental Cell Research. 185 (2), 519-528 (1989).</li></ol>

Compared to immortalized fibroblast cell lines, primary fibroblasts offer several advantages. They can be isolated cost effectively in high quality and quantity. Furthermore, primary cultures offer the possibility to study cells from multiple individuals, which increases the reliability of the obtained results and decreases the likelihood of merely studying cell culture artifacts. Continuous generation of new primary cultures prevents genetic alterations which commonly occur after repeated passaging21</...

Fibroblasts are flat, spindle-shaped cells with multiple stellate processes and an extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum1,2. An average fibroblast measures 30 -&#160;100 &#181;m and has a life span of 57 &#177; 3 days1,3. The average cell cycle duration of human fibroblasts ranges from 16 -&#160;48 h depending on the culture conditions4. There is evidence that the replicative capacity and functional quality of cultured primary fibroblasts negatively correlates with the donor age, suggesting that younger donors (animals or patients) should be preferred if possible5,6.
Fibroblasts constitute a predominant cell type of most mammalian body tissues. Despite their ubiquitous presence, the molecular identification of fibroblasts is still a challenge7. Fibroblasts migrate to developing tissues and organs from different sources during embryonic development8. For this reason, there is a plethora of marker proteins that can be found in fibroblasts whereas unique marker proteins, which are present in every fibroblast population and exclusive for fibroblasts, are still missing. Thus, expression patterns of several recognized markers are usually used to identify fibroblasts. Among the most recognized markers are vimentin, human fibroblast surface protein (hFSP), discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) and alpha smooth muscle actin (&#945;SMA).
Fibroblasts are the major extracellular matrix (ECM)-producing cell type. Thereby, fibroblasts maintain an orderly tissue architecture and provide mechanical support for neighboring cells1. The balance between ECM synthesis and degradation is a well-regulated process. Shifts towards synthesis mark the beginning of excessive ECM deposition which, if not terminated, leads to fibrosis. Fibrosis is mediated by myofibroblasts, which originate from activated fibroblasts undergoing molecular and phenotypical changes. One hallmark of myofibroblasts is enhanced secretion of ECM and cytokines and the expression of orderly arranged &#945;SMA microfilaments9.
Primary fibroblasts have been in the spotlight of recent research focusing on fibrosis, tissue inflammation and fibroblast-cancer-cell interactions10,11. However, to effectively study fibroblast properties in health and disease, it is necessary to isolate viable primary adult fibroblasts on a regular basis. There are several methods available to isolate fibroblasts12,13,14. The three major methods of fibroblast isolation are outgrowth from tissue chunks12, enzymatic tissue digestion15, and enzymatic perfusion of hollow organs9,13,16. The advantage of outgrowth is a gentle isolation process without enzymatic cell degradation. On the other hand, outgrowth cultures usually require prolonged culture periods until cells can be used for experiments. Common enzymatic digestion is fast but bears a risk of contamination with other cell types (e.g., endothelial cells) or bacteria in the agitation process, which is necessary to mechanically dissolve the tissue. Furthermore, these methods are often elaborate and require time and skill to learn.
Regarding the importance of primary fibroblasts in research, there is still a need to optimize existing cell isolation approaches in terms of quickness, simplicity and reliability. Here, a novel ultrasonic-based enzymatic fibroblast isolation method delivering high quality cells is provided.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:1103px;" width="1103">
	<colgroup>
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
	</colgroup>
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">0.25% Trypsin-EDTA</td>
			<td style="width:339px;">Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">T4049-100ML</td>
			<td style="width:405px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Antibiotics</td>
			<td>Gibco-Life Technologies, Carlsbad, USA</td>
			<td>Gibco LS15140148&#160;</td>
			<td>Penicillin/ Streptomycin (10000 U/ml)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Cell culture hood</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA</td>
			<td>51023608</td>
			<td>HeraSafe KSP15</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Cell culture incubator</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA</td>
			<td>50049176</td>
			<td>BBD 6220</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Cell culture plates</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">depends on vessel</td>
			<td>6-, 12-, 24-wells Nunclon surface</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Cell culture suction</td>
			<td style="width:339px;">VACUUBRAND GMBH + CO KG, Wertheim, Germany</td>
			<td>20727400</td>
			<td style="width:405px;">BVC professional suction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Cell strainer (mesh)</td>
			<td>Corning, Tewksbury, USA</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">431750</td>
			<td>40 &#181;m Nylon</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Centrifuge</td>
			<td style="width:339px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">75007213</td>
			<td>Megafuge 8R</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Cordless pipetting controller</td>
			<td>Hirschmann, Eberstadt, Germany</td>
			<td>9907200</td>
			<td>Pipetus</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Disposable pipette tips</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">depends on volume</td>
			<td>SafeSeal tips for pipettes (10 &#181;l, 20 &#181;l, 100 &#181;l, 200 &#181;l, 1000 &#181;l)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Disposable plastic pipettes</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">depends on volume</td>
			<td>5 ml, 10 ml, 25 ml, 50 ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Disposable sterile scalpel</td>
			<td>Myco Medical, Cary, USA</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">n.a.</td>
			<td>Techno cut</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:216px;">Dulbeccos Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM)</td>
			<td style="width:339px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA</td>
			<td>41965-062</td>
			<td>High glucose</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Eppendorf tubes</td>
			<td>Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">depends on volume</td>
			<td>50 &#181;l, 500 &#181;l, 1.500&#181;l, 2.000 &#181;l</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Fetal calf serum (FCS)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA</td>
			<td>F2442-50ML</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Collagenase blend</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">5401020001</td>
			<td>Liberase TL Research Grade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Petri dish 6 cm</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA</td>
			<td>P5481-500EA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA</td>
			<td>D8537-500ML</td>
			<td>500 ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Senescence detection kit</td>
			<td style="width:339px;">Abcam, Cambridge, UK</td>
			<td>ab65351</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:216px;">Shaker/ Vortex</td>
			<td style="width:339px;">IKA, Staufen im Breisgau, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">n.a.</td>
			<td>MS2 Minishaker (subsequent model: Ident-Nr.: 0020016017)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sterile plastic tubes</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA</td>
			<td>Falcon 352095</td>
			<td>BD Falcon tubes (15 ml, 50 ml)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Ultrasonic water bath</td>
			<td>BANDELIN electronic GmbH &#38; Co. KG, Berlin, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">312</td>
			<td>Sonorex RK100H</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Surgical scissors (atraumatic)</td>
			<td>Aesculap AG, Tuttlingen, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">NR 82</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Surgical scissors&#160;</td>
			<td>Aesculap AG, Tuttlingen, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">eq 1060.09</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Surgical forceps</td>
			<td>Aesculap AG, Tuttlingen, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">BD577</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

ultrasonic-augmented primary adult fibroblast isolation

Primary adult fibroblasts have become an important tool to study fibrosis, fibroblast interactions and inflammation in all body tissues. Since primary fibroblasts cannot divide indefinitely due to myofibroblast differentiation or senescence induction, new cultures must be established regularly. However, there are several obstacles to overcome during the processes of developing a reliable isolation protocol and primary fibroblast isolation itself: the method&#8217;s degree of difficulty (especially for beginners), the risk of bacterial contamination, the required time until primary fibroblasts can be used for experiments, and subsequent cell quality and viability. In this study, a fast, reliable and easy-to-learn protocol to isolate and culture primary adult fibroblasts from mouse heart, lung, liver and kidney combining enzymatic digestion and ultrasonic agitation is provided.

The ability of this protocol to isolate adult fibroblasts from solid murine tissue was demonstrated. Viable fibroblasts were obtained that could be used for subsequent experiments such as immunofluorescence staining or proliferation experiments (Figure 2D-F, Figure 5A).
Adult fibroblasts are flat spindle-shaped cells with multiple cellular processes that typically grow in monolayers1...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Ultrasonic-augmented Primary Adult Fibroblast Isolation at JoVE.com

Ultrasonic-augmented Primary Adult Fibroblast Isolation

We present a protocol to isolate primary adult fibroblasts in an easy, fast and reliable way, performable by beginners (e.g., students). The procedure combines enzymatic tissue digestion and mechanical agitation with ultrasonic waves to obtain primary fibroblasts. The protocol can easily be adapted to specific experimental requirements (e.g., human tissue).

Primary adult fibroblasts have become an important tool to study fibrosis, fibroblast interactions and inflammation in all body tissues. Since primary ...

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